{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1996560795","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/smartgridcomm.2013.6688000","title":"A systems approach to analysing cyber-physical threats in the Smart Grid","display_name":"A systems approach to analysing cyber-physical threats in the Smart Grid","publication_year":2013,"publication_date":"2013-10-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1996560795","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/smartgridcomm.2013.6688000","mag":"1996560795"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/smartgridcomm.2013.6688000","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/smartgridcomm.2013.6688000","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2013 IEEE International Conference on Smart Grid Communications (SmartGridComm)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5086674176","display_name":"Anas AlMajali","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4031-670X"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Anas AlMajali","raw_affiliation_strings":["USC/Information Sciences Institute, Los Angeles, California, USA","Inf. Sci. Inst., USC, Los Angeles, CA, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"USC/Information Sciences Institute, Los Angeles, California, USA","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Inf. Sci. Inst., USC, Los Angeles, CA, USA","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5020513958","display_name":"Eric B. Rice","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I122411786","display_name":"California Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05dxps055","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I122411786"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1334627681","display_name":"Jet Propulsion Laboratory","ror":"https://ror.org/027k65916","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I122411786","https://openalex.org/I1334627681","https://openalex.org/I4210124779"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Eric Rice","raw_affiliation_strings":["Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California, USA","Jet Propulsion Lab., California Inst. of Technology, Pasadena, CA USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1334627681"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Jet Propulsion Lab., California Inst. of Technology, Pasadena, CA USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I122411786"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5085570337","display_name":"Arun Viswanathan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1848-6590"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Arun Viswanathan","raw_affiliation_strings":["USC/Information Sciences Institute, Los Angeles, California, USA","Inf. Sci. Inst., USC, Los Angeles, CA, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"USC/Information Sciences Institute, Los Angeles, California, USA","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Inf. Sci. Inst., USC, Los Angeles, CA, USA","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5113658889","display_name":"Kymie Tan","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I122411786","display_name":"California Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05dxps055","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I122411786"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1334627681","display_name":"Jet Propulsion Laboratory","ror":"https://ror.org/027k65916","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I122411786","https://openalex.org/I1334627681","https://openalex.org/I4210124779"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kymie Tan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California, USA","Jet Propulsion Lab., California Inst. of Technology, Pasadena, CA USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1334627681"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Jet Propulsion Lab., California Inst. of Technology, Pasadena, CA USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I122411786"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5071252756","display_name":"Clifford Neuman","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4318-0721"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Clifford Neuman","raw_affiliation_strings":["USC/Information Sciences Institute, Los Angeles, California, USA","Inf. Sci. Inst., USC, Los Angeles, CA, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"USC/Information Sciences Institute, Los Angeles, California, USA","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Inf. Sci. Inst., USC, Los Angeles, CA, USA","institution_ids":[]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5086674176"],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":2.5446,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":16,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.89592377,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"456","last_page":"461"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10917","display_name":"Smart Grid Security and Resilience","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10917","display_name":"Smart Grid Security and Resilience","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10400","display_name":"Network Security and Intrusion Detection","score":0.9936000108718872,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11807","display_name":"Infrastructure Resilience and Vulnerability Analysis","score":0.9890999794006348,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2205","display_name":"Civil and Structural Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6908679008483887},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/smart-grid","display_name":"Smart grid","score":0.670661985874176},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electric-power-system","display_name":"Electric power system","score":0.6373881697654724},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/grid","display_name":"Grid","score":0.5836325883865356},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cyber-physical-system","display_name":"Cyber-physical system","score":0.5206602811813354},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/power-grid","display_name":"Power grid","score":0.4796350598335266},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security","display_name":"Computer security","score":0.47690320014953613},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/risk-management","display_name":"Risk management","score":0.4524780511856079},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/work","display_name":"Work (physics)","score":0.4215332269668579},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/risk-analysis","display_name":"Risk analysis (engineering)","score":0.4074927568435669},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/systems-engineering","display_name":"Systems engineering","score":0.3418785631656647},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/distributed-computing","display_name":"Distributed computing","score":0.33275386691093445},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/power","display_name":"Power (physics)","score":0.3123190402984619},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.19555777311325073}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6908679008483887},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C10558101","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q689855","display_name":"Smart grid","level":2,"score":0.670661985874176},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C89227174","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2388981","display_name":"Electric power system","level":3,"score":0.6373881697654724},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C187691185","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2020720","display_name":"Grid","level":2,"score":0.5836325883865356},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C179768478","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1120057","display_name":"Cyber-physical system","level":2,"score":0.5206602811813354},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2983254600","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1096907","display_name":"Power grid","level":3,"score":0.4796350598335266},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.47690320014953613},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C32896092","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189447","display_name":"Risk management","level":2,"score":0.4524780511856079},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18762648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q42213","display_name":"Work (physics)","level":2,"score":0.4215332269668579},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C112930515","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4389547","display_name":"Risk analysis (engineering)","level":1,"score":0.4074927568435669},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C201995342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q682496","display_name":"Systems engineering","level":1,"score":0.3418785631656647},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120314980","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180634","display_name":"Distributed computing","level":1,"score":0.33275386691093445},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163258240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25342","display_name":"Power (physics)","level":2,"score":0.3123190402984619},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.19555777311325073},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78519656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101333","display_name":"Mechanical engineering","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C187736073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2920921","display_name":"Management","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/smartgridcomm.2013.6688000","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/smartgridcomm.2013.6688000","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2013 IEEE International Conference on Smart Grid Communications (SmartGridComm)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306084","display_name":"U.S. Department of Energy","ror":"https://ror.org/01bj3aw27"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306101","display_name":"National Aeronautics and Space Administration","ror":"https://ror.org/027ka1x80"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":12,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W65777728","https://openalex.org/W1971420335","https://openalex.org/W1980576005","https://openalex.org/W1993448261","https://openalex.org/W2001598550","https://openalex.org/W2029589374","https://openalex.org/W2052621349","https://openalex.org/W2055124586","https://openalex.org/W2102258543","https://openalex.org/W2115627802","https://openalex.org/W2149866817","https://openalex.org/W6602705321"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3004173571","https://openalex.org/W2546638913","https://openalex.org/W2209816623","https://openalex.org/W2968885840","https://openalex.org/W3017360834","https://openalex.org/W2008822734","https://openalex.org/W3135700974","https://openalex.org/W4313307484","https://openalex.org/W2086962923","https://openalex.org/W3094048663"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0],"paper":[1],"presents":[2],"a":[3,12,16,90,94],"systems":[4,44],"analysis":[5,92],"approach":[6,87],"to":[7,15,34,60,80],"characterizing":[8],"the":[9,22,27,36,99,106],"risk":[10,23],"of":[11,21,29,38,93],"Smart":[13],"Grid":[14],"load-drop":[17,95],"attack.":[18],"A":[19],"characterization":[20],"is":[24],"necessary":[25],"for":[26,63],"design":[28],"detection":[30],"and":[31,47,66,77,102],"remediation":[32],"strategies":[33],"address":[35],"consequences":[37],"such":[39],"attacks.":[40],"Using":[41],"concepts":[42],"from":[43],"health":[45],"management":[46],"system":[48,82],"engineering,":[49],"this":[50],"work":[51],"(a)":[52],"first":[53],"identifies":[54],"metrics":[55],"that":[56],"can":[57],"be":[58],"used":[59],"generate":[61],"constraints":[62],"security":[64],"features,":[65],"(b)":[67],"lays":[68],"out":[69],"an":[70],"end-to-end":[71],"integrated":[72],"methodology":[73],"using":[74],"separate":[75],"network":[76],"power":[78,108],"simulations":[79],"assess":[81],"risk.":[83],"We":[84],"demonstrate":[85],"our":[86],"by":[88],"performing":[89],"systems-style":[91],"attack":[96],"implemented":[97],"over":[98],"AMI":[100],"subsystem":[101],"targeted":[103],"at":[104],"destabilizing":[105],"underlying":[107],"grid.":[109]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-03-09T08:58:05.943551","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}