{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4402897177","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/sera61261.2024.10685636","title":"Exploiting CPU Clock Modulation for Covert Communication Channel","display_name":"Exploiting CPU Clock Modulation for Covert Communication Channel","publication_year":2024,"publication_date":"2024-05-30","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4402897177","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/sera61261.2024.10685636"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/sera61261.2024.10685636","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/sera61261.2024.10685636","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2024 IEEE/ACIS 22nd International Conference on Software Engineering Research, Management and Applications (SERA)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5067540712","display_name":"Shariful Alam","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8263-117X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I120156002","display_name":"Boise State University","ror":"https://ror.org/02e3zdp86","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I120156002"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Shariful Alam","raw_affiliation_strings":["Boise State University,Computer Science Department,Boise,Idaho,USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Boise State University,Computer Science Department,Boise,Idaho,USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I120156002"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5076503447","display_name":"Jidong Xiao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6807-9999"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I165799507","display_name":"Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/01rtyzb94","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I165799507"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jidong Xiao","raw_affiliation_strings":["Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute,Computer Science Department,Troy,New York,USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute,Computer Science Department,Troy,New York,USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I165799507"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5035948887","display_name":"Nasir U. Eisty","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5228-4664"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I120156002","display_name":"Boise State University","ror":"https://ror.org/02e3zdp86","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I120156002"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Nasir U. Eisty","raw_affiliation_strings":["Boise State University,Computer Science Department,Boise,ID,USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Boise State University,Computer Science Department,Boise,ID,USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I120156002"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5067540712"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I120156002"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.16286341,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"153","last_page":"158"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10388","display_name":"Advanced Steganography and Watermarking Techniques","score":0.9926999807357788,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10388","display_name":"Advanced Steganography and Watermarking Techniques","score":0.9926999807357788,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12357","display_name":"Digital Media Forensic Detection","score":0.9872999787330627,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11598","display_name":"Internet Traffic Analysis and Secure E-voting","score":0.9866999983787537,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7136538028717041},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/covert-channel","display_name":"Covert channel","score":0.5963231921195984},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/channel","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","score":0.5141935348510742},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/modulation","display_name":"Modulation (music)","score":0.5101047158241272},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-hardware","display_name":"Computer hardware","score":0.38118380308151245},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/embedded-system","display_name":"Embedded system","score":0.3425951600074768},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.3244677782058716},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/operating-system","display_name":"Operating system","score":0.17423510551452637},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.07388845086097717}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7136538028717041},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C29024540","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1476964","display_name":"Covert channel","level":5,"score":0.5963231921195984},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127162648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16858953","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","level":2,"score":0.5141935348510742},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C123079801","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q750240","display_name":"Modulation (music)","level":2,"score":0.5101047158241272},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9390403","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3966","display_name":"Computer hardware","level":1,"score":0.38118380308151245},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149635348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193040","display_name":"Embedded system","level":1,"score":0.3425951600074768},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.3244677782058716},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.17423510551452637},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.07388845086097717},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24890656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q82811","display_name":"Acoustics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C103377522","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3493999","display_name":"Security information and event management","level":4,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79974875","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q483639","display_name":"Cloud computing","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C184842701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q370563","display_name":"Cloud computing security","level":3,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/sera61261.2024.10685636","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/sera61261.2024.10685636","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2024 IEEE/ACIS 22nd International Conference on Software Engineering Research, Management and Applications (SERA)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.5099999904632568,"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":15,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1494212869","https://openalex.org/W1934458198","https://openalex.org/W2014182302","https://openalex.org/W2024109642","https://openalex.org/W2057949999","https://openalex.org/W2099137371","https://openalex.org/W2140684357","https://openalex.org/W2157852252","https://openalex.org/W2337655500","https://openalex.org/W2537031054","https://openalex.org/W2540054680","https://openalex.org/W2775425142","https://openalex.org/W2884716042","https://openalex.org/W2911479569","https://openalex.org/W6678770513"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2164808023","https://openalex.org/W2310448466","https://openalex.org/W2409612194","https://openalex.org/W1587042134","https://openalex.org/W2092798601","https://openalex.org/W2093655343","https://openalex.org/W2145262697","https://openalex.org/W2357367573","https://openalex.org/W2112406591","https://openalex.org/W2011903865"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Covert":[0],"channel":[1,71,110],"attacks":[2,28,44,57],"represent":[3],"a":[4,68,91,113],"significant":[5],"threat":[6],"to":[7,13,50,97,119],"system":[8,104],"security,":[9],"leveraging":[10],"shared":[11,30],"resources":[12,31],"clandestinely":[14],"transmit":[15,98],"information":[16,52,100],"from":[17],"highly":[18],"secure":[19],"systems,":[20],"thereby":[21],"violating":[22],"the":[23,60,73],"system's":[24],"security":[25],"policies.":[26],"These":[27],"exploit":[29],"as":[32,40],"communication":[33],"channels,":[34],"necessitating":[35],"resource":[36],"partitioningand":[37],"isolation":[38],"techniques":[39],"countermeasures.":[41],"However,":[42],"mitigating":[43],"exploiting":[45,72],"modern":[46,79],"processors'":[47],"hardware":[48],"features":[49],"leak":[51],"is":[53],"challenging":[54],"because":[55],"successful":[56],"can":[58,93,111],"conceal":[59],"channel's":[61],"existence.":[62],"In":[63],"this":[64,95,108],"paper,":[65],"we":[66,83],"unveil":[67],"novel":[69],"covert":[70,109],"duty":[74],"cycle":[75],"modulation":[76],"feature":[77,96],"of":[78,117],"x86":[80],"processors.":[81],"Specifically,":[82],"illustrate":[84],"how":[85],"two":[86],"collaborating":[87],"processesa":[88],"sender":[89],"and":[90],"receiver":[92],"manipulate":[94],"sensitive":[99],"surrep-titiously.":[101],"Our":[102],"live":[103],"implementation":[105],"demonstrates":[106],"that":[107],"achieve":[112],"data":[114],"transfer":[115],"rate":[116],"up":[118],"55.24":[120],"bits":[121],"per":[122],"second.":[123]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2025-12-27T23:08:20.325037","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
