{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2042037272","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/sdf.2013.6698252","title":"Multi hypothesis parameter tracking in relative time of arrival","display_name":"Multi hypothesis parameter tracking in relative time of arrival","publication_year":2013,"publication_date":"2013-10-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2042037272","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/sdf.2013.6698252","mag":"2042037272"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/sdf.2013.6698252","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/sdf.2013.6698252","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2013 Workshop on Sensor Data Fusion: Trends, Solutions, Applications (SDF)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5068623393","display_name":"Christoph Degen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2415-9281"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210166245","display_name":"Fraunhofer Institute for Communication, Information Processing and Ergonomics","ror":"https://ror.org/05nn0gw40","country_code":"DE","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210166245","https://openalex.org/I4923324"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Christoph Degen","raw_affiliation_strings":["SDF Dept. Fraunhofer FKIE Wachtberg, Germany","SDF Dept., Fraunhofer FKIE, Wachtberg, Germany"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"SDF Dept. Fraunhofer FKIE Wachtberg, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210166245"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"SDF Dept., Fraunhofer FKIE, Wachtberg, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210166245"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5089829166","display_name":"Felix Govaers","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2274-7503"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210166245","display_name":"Fraunhofer Institute for Communication, Information Processing and Ergonomics","ror":"https://ror.org/05nn0gw40","country_code":"DE","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210166245","https://openalex.org/I4923324"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Felix Govaers","raw_affiliation_strings":["SDF Dept. Fraunhofer FKIE Wachtberg, Germany","SDF Dept., Fraunhofer FKIE, Wachtberg, Germany"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"SDF Dept. Fraunhofer FKIE Wachtberg, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210166245"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"SDF Dept., Fraunhofer FKIE, Wachtberg, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210166245"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5040395718","display_name":"Wolfgang Koch","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5734-3325"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210166245","display_name":"Fraunhofer Institute for Communication, Information Processing and Ergonomics","ror":"https://ror.org/05nn0gw40","country_code":"DE","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210166245","https://openalex.org/I4923324"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Wolfgang Koch","raw_affiliation_strings":["SDF Dept. Fraunhofer FKIE Wachtberg, Germany","SDF Dept., Fraunhofer FKIE, Wachtberg, Germany"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"SDF Dept. Fraunhofer FKIE Wachtberg, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210166245"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"SDF Dept., Fraunhofer FKIE, Wachtberg, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210166245"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5068623393"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210166245"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.10310836,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"6"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10326","display_name":"Indoor and Outdoor Localization Technologies","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10326","display_name":"Indoor and Outdoor Localization Technologies","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10711","display_name":"Target Tracking and Data Fusion in Sensor Networks","score":0.9993000030517578,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10860","display_name":"Speech and Audio Processing","score":0.9980999827384949,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/clutter","display_name":"Clutter","score":0.8967553973197937},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.749800443649292},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/multipath-propagation","display_name":"Multipath propagation","score":0.7351080775260925},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/direction-of-arrival","display_name":"Direction of arrival","score":0.5487842559814453},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/multilateration","display_name":"Multilateration","score":0.5270726084709167},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/set","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","score":0.5221015214920044},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/constant-false-alarm-rate","display_name":"Constant false alarm rate","score":0.5171534419059753},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/metric","display_name":"Metric (unit)","score":0.5113970637321472},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tracking","display_name":"Tracking (education)","score":0.5033058524131775},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/real-time-computing","display_name":"Real-time computing","score":0.487621933221817},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.47493770718574524},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/time-of-arrival","display_name":"Time of arrival","score":0.4583510756492615},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computation","display_name":"Computation","score":0.43615809082984924},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/radar","display_name":"Radar","score":0.2174999713897705},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.18987703323364258},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.17625346779823303},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/antenna","display_name":"Antenna (radio)","score":0.10869181156158447},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.09771409630775452}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C132094186","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q641585","display_name":"Clutter","level":3,"score":0.8967553973197937},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.749800443649292},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C161218011","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11827794","display_name":"Multipath propagation","level":3,"score":0.7351080775260925},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C172051844","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5280438","display_name":"Direction of arrival","level":3,"score":0.5487842559814453},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104037064","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1640884","display_name":"Multilateration","level":3,"score":0.5270726084709167},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177264268","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1514741","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","level":2,"score":0.5221015214920044},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77052588","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q644307","display_name":"Constant false alarm rate","level":2,"score":0.5171534419059753},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C176217482","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860554","display_name":"Metric (unit)","level":2,"score":0.5113970637321472},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775936607","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q466845","display_name":"Tracking (education)","level":2,"score":0.5033058524131775},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79403827","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3988","display_name":"Real-time computing","level":1,"score":0.487621933221817},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.47493770718574524},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163150518","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4135208","display_name":"Time of arrival","level":3,"score":0.4583510756492615},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C45374587","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12525525","display_name":"Computation","level":2,"score":0.43615809082984924},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C554190296","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q47528","display_name":"Radar","level":2,"score":0.2174999713897705},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.18987703323364258},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.17625346779823303},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C21822782","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131214","display_name":"Antenna (radio)","level":2,"score":0.10869181156158447},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.09771409630775452},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159737794","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q124274","display_name":"Azimuth","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C555944384","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q249","display_name":"Wireless","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C21547014","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1423657","display_name":"Operations management","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127162648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16858953","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19417346","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7922","display_name":"Pedagogy","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/sdf.2013.6698252","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/sdf.2013.6698252","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2013 Workshop on Sensor Data Fusion: Trends, Solutions, Applications (SDF)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:publica.fraunhofer.de:publica/382486","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://publica.fraunhofer.de/handle/publica/382486","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400318","display_name":"Fraunhofer-Publica (Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4923324","host_organization_name":"Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4923324"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"conference paper"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/11","score":0.8500000238418579,"display_name":"Sustainable cities and communities"}],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321114","display_name":"Bundesministerium f\u00fcr Bildung und Forschung","ror":"https://ror.org/04pz7b180"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":13,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W282498692","https://openalex.org/W1547028942","https://openalex.org/W1557595030","https://openalex.org/W1609289189","https://openalex.org/W1975675300","https://openalex.org/W2114365263","https://openalex.org/W2126885789","https://openalex.org/W2135401627","https://openalex.org/W2164121479","https://openalex.org/W4285719527","https://openalex.org/W6632693469","https://openalex.org/W6633511732","https://openalex.org/W6636551663"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2388326001","https://openalex.org/W2115015615","https://openalex.org/W2351401443","https://openalex.org/W3011102797","https://openalex.org/W4320921117","https://openalex.org/W2431104759","https://openalex.org/W1649651896","https://openalex.org/W2317958419","https://openalex.org/W2116961228","https://openalex.org/W3173283069"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0],"passive":[1],"non-cooperative":[2],"localization":[3,15],"and":[4,29,52,109],"tracking":[5,134],"of":[6,39,49,56,84,102,113,124,131,145,173],"mobile":[7,14],"terminals":[8],"in":[9,26,136,171],"urban":[10],"scenarios,":[11],"called":[12],"blind":[13],"(BML),":[16],"is":[17,78,107,140,159],"a":[18,75,85,91,122,132,156],"highly":[19],"demanding":[20],"task":[21],"which":[22,42],"occurs":[23],"for":[24,167],"instance":[25],"safety,":[27],"emergency":[28],"security":[30],"applications.":[31],"In":[32,119],"BML":[33,115],"the":[34,71,81,96,100,103,111,125,137,146,164,174],"measurement":[35,83,126],"set":[36,127],"consists":[37],"out":[38],"several":[40],"multipaths":[41,60],"are":[43,153],"usually":[44],"parametrized":[45],"by":[46,128],"their":[47,53],"direction":[48],"arrival":[50,57],"(DoA)":[51],"relative":[54],"time":[55],"(RToA).":[58],"Clutter":[59],"can":[61],"occur":[62],"due":[63],"to":[64,95,161],"obstacles":[65],"like":[66],"pedestrians,":[67],"cars,":[68],"etc.":[69],"near":[70],"receiver":[72],"side.":[73],"If":[74],"clutter":[76,151,169],"multipath":[77],"received":[79],"before":[80],"first":[82],"target,":[86],"i.e.,":[87],"if":[88],"it":[89],"possesses":[90],"negative":[92],"RToA":[93],"compared":[94],"target":[97],"related":[98],"measurements,":[99],"computation":[101],"particular":[104],"likelihood":[105],"function":[106],"deteriorated":[108],"thus":[110],"accuracy":[112],"any":[114],"fusion":[116],"algorithm":[117],"decreases.":[118],"this":[120],"paper":[121],"pre-processing":[123],"an":[129],"application":[130],"multi-hypothesis":[133],"(MOT)":[135],"parameter":[138],"space":[139],"proposed.":[141],"Therefore,":[142],"two":[143],"extensions":[144],"MOT-approach":[147],"processing":[148],"additional":[149],"global":[150],"hypothesis":[152],"derived.":[154],"Finally,":[155],"ray-tracing":[157],"simulation":[158],"used":[160],"numerically":[162],"assess":[163],"proposed":[165],"methods":[166],"different":[168],"levels":[170],"terms":[172],"optimal":[175],"subpattern":[176],"assignment":[177],"(OSPA)":[178],"metric.":[179]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
