{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3008773848","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/saner.2017.7884623","title":"Shorter identifier names take longer to comprehend","display_name":"Shorter identifier names take longer to comprehend","publication_year":2017,"publication_date":"2017-02-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3008773848","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/saner.2017.7884623","mag":"3008773848"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/saner.2017.7884623","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/saner.2017.7884623","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2017 IEEE 24th International Conference on Software Analysis, Evolution and Reengineering (SANER)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5086379448","display_name":"Johannes C. Hofmeister","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I186354981","display_name":"University of Passau","ror":"https://ror.org/05ydjnb78","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I186354981"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Johannes Hofmeister","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Passau, Germany"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Passau, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I186354981"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5016750744","display_name":"Janet Siegmund","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I186354981","display_name":"University of Passau","ror":"https://ror.org/05ydjnb78","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I186354981"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Janet Siegmund","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Passau, Germany"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Passau, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I186354981"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5061242209","display_name":"Daniel V. Holt","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3616-638X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I223822909","display_name":"Heidelberg University","ror":"https://ror.org/038t36y30","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I223822909"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Daniel V. Holt","raw_affiliation_strings":["Heidelberg University, Germany"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Heidelberg University, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I223822909"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5086379448"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I186354981"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":10.6398,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":80,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.98276461,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"217","last_page":"227"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10260","display_name":"Software Engineering Research","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10260","display_name":"Software Engineering Research","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11241","display_name":"Advanced Malware Detection Techniques","score":0.9811999797821045,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10639","display_name":"Advanced Software Engineering Methodologies","score":0.978600025177002,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/identifier","display_name":"Identifier","score":0.9509130716323853},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/program-comprehension","display_name":"Program comprehension","score":0.8479210138320923},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.8099784255027771},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/comprehension","display_name":"Comprehension","score":0.8044503331184387},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/semantics","display_name":"Semantics (computer science)","score":0.6759415864944458},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/code","display_name":"Code (set theory)","score":0.5723740458488464},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/natural-language-processing","display_name":"Natural language processing","score":0.4605694115161896},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/source-code","display_name":"Source code","score":0.4528364837169647},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/key","display_name":"Key (lock)","score":0.41892021894454956},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.36623507738113403},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software","display_name":"Software","score":0.3561430871486664},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/information-retrieval","display_name":"Information retrieval","score":0.3476828932762146},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/world-wide-web","display_name":"World Wide Web","score":0.33103060722351074},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/programming-language","display_name":"Programming language","score":0.2643224000930786},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/set","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","score":0.19021597504615784},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software-system","display_name":"Software system","score":0.16306215524673462},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security","display_name":"Computer security","score":0.1391056776046753}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154504017","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q853614","display_name":"Identifier","level":2,"score":0.9509130716323853},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777561058","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2652119","display_name":"Program comprehension","level":4,"score":0.8479210138320923},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8099784255027771},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C511192102","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5156948","display_name":"Comprehension","level":2,"score":0.8044503331184387},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C184337299","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1437428","display_name":"Semantics (computer science)","level":2,"score":0.6759415864944458},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776760102","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5139990","display_name":"Code (set theory)","level":3,"score":0.5723740458488464},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204321447","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q30642","display_name":"Natural language processing","level":1,"score":0.4605694115161896},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C43126263","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q128751","display_name":"Source code","level":2,"score":0.4528364837169647},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26517878","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228039","display_name":"Key (lock)","level":2,"score":0.41892021894454956},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.36623507738113403},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777904410","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7397","display_name":"Software","level":2,"score":0.3561430871486664},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C23123220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q816826","display_name":"Information retrieval","level":1,"score":0.3476828932762146},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136764020","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q466","display_name":"World Wide Web","level":1,"score":0.33103060722351074},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.2643224000930786},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177264268","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1514741","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","level":2,"score":0.19021597504615784},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149091818","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2429814","display_name":"Software system","level":3,"score":0.16306215524673462},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.1391056776046753}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/saner.2017.7884623","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/saner.2017.7884623","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2017 IEEE 24th International Conference on Software Analysis, Evolution and Reengineering (SANER)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Industry, innovation and infrastructure","score":0.41999998688697815,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/9"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":34,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1490674333","https://openalex.org/W1548390378","https://openalex.org/W1967931023","https://openalex.org/W1984314602","https://openalex.org/W1985090884","https://openalex.org/W1988592253","https://openalex.org/W1989214422","https://openalex.org/W2022963108","https://openalex.org/W2026577970","https://openalex.org/W2034688095","https://openalex.org/W2043662475","https://openalex.org/W2077155146","https://openalex.org/W2113096305","https://openalex.org/W2113294746","https://openalex.org/W2113697305","https://openalex.org/W2120704737","https://openalex.org/W2122963002","https://openalex.org/W2133247167","https://openalex.org/W2135255848","https://openalex.org/W2138136275","https://openalex.org/W2147637089","https://openalex.org/W2158542057","https://openalex.org/W2159739762","https://openalex.org/W2166667242","https://openalex.org/W2463537704","https://openalex.org/W3149750418","https://openalex.org/W4240402692","https://openalex.org/W4243824705","https://openalex.org/W4291213652","https://openalex.org/W4298193390","https://openalex.org/W6629329164","https://openalex.org/W6642353749","https://openalex.org/W6679846933","https://openalex.org/W6811772344"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2724855087","https://openalex.org/W2886906914","https://openalex.org/W2884362859","https://openalex.org/W3008773848","https://openalex.org/W1508879959","https://openalex.org/W2066182606","https://openalex.org/W2123179197","https://openalex.org/W2136808032","https://openalex.org/W2008149650","https://openalex.org/W2098192829"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Developers":[0],"spend":[1],"the":[2,50,112],"majority":[3],"of":[4,52,69,105,154],"their":[5,70,73],"time":[6,113],"comprehending":[7],"code,":[8],"a":[9,16,94,119,143],"process":[10],"in":[11,89,146,160],"which":[12],"identifier":[13,21,41,54,106,176],"names":[14,42,177],"play":[15],"key":[17],"role.":[18],"Although":[19],"many":[20],"naming":[22,55,107],"styles":[23,56,108],"exist,":[24],"they":[25],"often":[26],"lack":[27],"an":[28,77],"empirical":[29],"basis":[30],"and":[31,63,109,136,150,172,181,187],"it":[32,114],"is":[33],"not":[34,141],"quite":[35],"clear":[36],"whether":[37,64],"short":[38],"or":[39,72],"long":[40],"facilitate":[43,178],"comprehension.":[44],"In":[45],"this":[46],"paper,":[47],"we":[48,110,139],"investigate":[49],"effect":[51],"different":[53],"(letters,":[57],"abbreviations,":[58,137],"words)":[59],"on":[60,127],"program":[61,179],"comprehension,":[62],"these":[65],"effects":[66],"arise":[67],"because":[68],"length":[71],"semantics.":[74],"We":[75,92,121],"conducted":[76],"experimental":[78],"study":[79,156],"with":[80],"72":[81],"professional":[82],"C#":[83],"developers,":[84],"who":[85],"looked":[86],"for":[87],"defects":[88,159],"source-code":[90],"snippets.":[91],"used":[93],"within-subjects":[95],"design,":[96],"such":[97],"that":[98,123,158],"each":[99],"developer":[100],"saw":[101],"all":[102],"three":[103],"versions":[104],"measured":[111],"took":[115],"them":[116],"to":[117,134,165,184],"find":[118,142],"defect.":[120],"found":[122],"words":[124],"lead":[125],"to,":[126],"average,":[128],"19%":[129],"faster":[130],"comprehension":[131,180],"speed":[132,147],"compared":[133],"letters":[135,149,171],"but":[138],"did":[140],"significant":[144],"difference":[145],"between":[148],"abbreviations.":[151,173],"The":[152],"results":[153],"our":[155],"suggest":[157],"code":[161,168],"are":[162],"more":[163],"difficult":[164],"detect":[166],"when":[167],"contains":[169],"only":[170],"Words":[174],"as":[175],"can":[182],"help":[183],"save":[185],"costs":[186],"improve":[188],"software":[189],"quality.":[190]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":18},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":13},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}