{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4415003723","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/re63999.2025.00054","title":"ReqInOne: A Large Language Model-Based Agent for Software Requirements Specification Generation","display_name":"ReqInOne: A Large Language Model-Based Agent for Software Requirements Specification Generation","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-09-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4415003723","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/re63999.2025.00054"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/re63999.2025.00054","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/re63999.2025.00054","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2025 IEEE 33rd International Requirements Engineering Conference (RE)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"conference-paper","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://research.manchester.ac.uk/en/publications/378b4e8a-b1da-428e-9716-8281b829da56","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5107105911","display_name":"Taohong Zhu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0003-8185-6985"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I28407311","display_name":"University of Manchester","ror":"https://ror.org/027m9bs27","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I28407311"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Taohong Zhu","raw_affiliation_strings":["The University of Manchester,Department of Computer Science,Manchester,UK"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"The University of Manchester,Department of Computer Science,Manchester,UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I28407311"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5057689302","display_name":"Lucas C. Cordeiro","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6235-4272"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I28407311","display_name":"University of Manchester","ror":"https://ror.org/027m9bs27","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I28407311"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Lucas C. Cordeiro","raw_affiliation_strings":["The University of Manchester,Department of Computer Science,Manchester,UK"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"The University of Manchester,Department of Computer Science,Manchester,UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I28407311"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5060663223","display_name":"Youcheng Sun","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1893-6259"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210113480","display_name":"Mohamed bin Zayed University of Artificial Intelligence","ror":"https://ror.org/0258gkt32","country_code":"AE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210113480"]}],"countries":["AE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Youcheng Sun","raw_affiliation_strings":["Mohamed bin Zayed University of Artificial Intelligence,Abu Dhabi,UAE"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Mohamed bin Zayed University of Artificial Intelligence,Abu Dhabi,UAE","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210113480"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":2,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"449","last_page":"457"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10703","display_name":"Business Process Modeling and Analysis","score":0.9811999797821045,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1404","display_name":"Management Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10703","display_name":"Business Process Modeling and Analysis","score":0.9811999797821045,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1404","display_name":"Management Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11450","display_name":"Model-Driven Software Engineering Techniques","score":0.9749000072479248,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1712","display_name":"Software"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10430","display_name":"Software Engineering Techniques and Practices","score":0.9714999794960022,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software-requirements-specification","display_name":"Software requirements specification","score":0.7170000076293945},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/consistency","display_name":"Consistency (knowledge bases)","score":0.551800012588501},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/modular-design","display_name":"Modular design","score":0.5291000008583069},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software-requirements","display_name":"Software requirements","score":0.4961000084877014},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/natural-language","display_name":"Natural language","score":0.48330000042915344},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/requirements-analysis","display_name":"Requirements analysis","score":0.47679999470710754},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/specification-language","display_name":"Specification language","score":0.46000000834465027},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/component","display_name":"Component (thermodynamics)","score":0.439300000667572},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software","display_name":"Software","score":0.41029998660087585}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7782999873161316},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C102780508","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1761598","display_name":"Software requirements specification","level":5,"score":0.7170000076293945},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115903868","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q80993","display_name":"Software engineering","level":1,"score":0.595300018787384},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776436953","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5163215","display_name":"Consistency (knowledge bases)","level":2,"score":0.551800012588501},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C101468663","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1620158","display_name":"Modular design","level":2,"score":0.5291000008583069},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C54534927","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4462275","display_name":"Software requirements","level":5,"score":0.4961000084877014},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C195324797","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q33742","display_name":"Natural language","level":2,"score":0.48330000042915344},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C59488412","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q187147","display_name":"Requirements analysis","level":3,"score":0.47679999470710754},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C201677973","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1209840","display_name":"Specification language","level":2,"score":0.46000000834465027},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C168167062","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1117970","display_name":"Component (thermodynamics)","level":2,"score":0.439300000667572},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777904410","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7397","display_name":"Software","level":2,"score":0.41029998660087585},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776187449","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1513879","display_name":"Natural language generation","level":3,"score":0.40470001101493835},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C116253237","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1437424","display_name":"Formal specification","level":2,"score":0.39879998564720154},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C45384764","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q838667","display_name":"Requirements elicitation","level":4,"score":0.39410001039505005},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779530757","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1207505","display_name":"Quality (philosophy)","level":2,"score":0.3926999866962433},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.390500009059906},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62235348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3264234","display_name":"Functional requirement","level":2,"score":0.3725999891757965},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C35869016","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q846636","display_name":"Software architecture","level":3,"score":0.3467999994754791},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199747065","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3254666","display_name":"Non-functional requirement","level":5,"score":0.34439998865127563},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C117447612","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1412670","display_name":"Software quality","level":4,"score":0.3303999900817871},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C57371142","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16914225","display_name":"Functional specification","level":5,"score":0.32910001277923584},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C201995342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q682496","display_name":"Systems engineering","level":1,"score":0.3215000033378601},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C174683762","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q609588","display_name":"Component-based software engineering","level":4,"score":0.32030001282691956},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149091818","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2429814","display_name":"Software system","level":3,"score":0.304500013589859},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C200601418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2193887","display_name":"Reliability engineering","level":1,"score":0.30090001225471497},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C84651959","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17052506","display_name":"System requirements specification","level":2,"score":0.2867000102996826},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C135475081","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q774228","display_name":"Requirement","level":4,"score":0.27880001068115234},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C529173508","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q638608","display_name":"Software development","level":3,"score":0.2777000069618225},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C6604083","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q376937","display_name":"Requirements engineering","level":3,"score":0.2653000056743622},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C52913732","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q857102","display_name":"Software design","level":4,"score":0.2515000104904175}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/re63999.2025.00054","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/re63999.2025.00054","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2025 IEEE 33rd International Requirements Engineering Conference (RE)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pure.atira.dk:openaire/378b4e8a-b1da-428e-9716-8281b829da56","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://research.manchester.ac.uk/en/publications/378b4e8a-b1da-428e-9716-8281b829da56","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400662","display_name":"Research Explorer (The University of Manchester)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I28407311","host_organization_name":"University of Manchester","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I28407311"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Zhu, T, Cordeiro, L C & Sun, Y 2025, REQINONE: A Large Language Model-Based Agent for Software Requirements Specification Generation. in 33rd IEEE International Requirements Engineering 2025 . https://doi.org/10.1109/re63999.2025.00054","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/conferenceObject"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:pure.atira.dk:openaire/378b4e8a-b1da-428e-9716-8281b829da56","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://research.manchester.ac.uk/en/publications/378b4e8a-b1da-428e-9716-8281b829da56","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400662","display_name":"Research Explorer (The University of Manchester)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I28407311","host_organization_name":"University of Manchester","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I28407311"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Zhu, T, Cordeiro, L C & Sun, Y 2025, REQINONE: A Large Language Model-Based Agent for Software Requirements Specification Generation. in 33rd IEEE International Requirements Engineering 2025 . https://doi.org/10.1109/re63999.2025.00054","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/conferenceObject"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Software":[0],"Requirements":[1],"Specification":[2],"(SRS)":[3],"is":[4,18],"one":[5],"of":[6,107,158],"the":[7,57,103,120,127,182],"most":[8],"important":[9],"documents":[10],"in":[11],"software":[12],"projects,":[13],"but":[14],"writing":[15,66],"it":[16],"manually":[17],"time-consuming":[19],"and":[20,43,92,105,116,118,151,165],"often":[21],"leads":[22],"to":[23,69,101],"ambiguity.":[24],"Existing":[25],"automatic":[26],"methods":[27],"rely":[28],"heavily":[29],"on":[30],"manual":[31],"analysis,":[32],"while":[33],"recent":[34],"Large":[35],"Language":[36],"Model":[37],"(LLM)-based":[38],"approaches":[39],"suffer":[40],"from":[41,133,161],"hallucinations":[42],"poor":[44],"controllability.":[45],"In":[46],"this":[47],"paper,":[48],"we":[49],"propose":[50],"ReqInOne,":[51],"an":[52,67],"LLM-based":[53],"agent":[54],"that":[55,146,170],"follows":[56],"common":[58],"steps":[59],"taken":[60],"by":[61,82,97,126,139],"human":[62],"requirements":[63,141],"engineers":[64],"when":[65],"SRS":[68,84,130,153],"convert":[70],"natural":[71],"language":[72],"into":[73,86],"a":[74,79],"structured":[75],"SRS.":[76],"ReqInOne":[77,111,147,159],"features":[78],"modular":[80,163],"architecture":[81],"decomposing":[83],"generation":[85,131],"three":[87],"tasks:":[88],"summary,":[89],"requirement":[90,93,172,184],"extraction,":[91],"classification,":[94],"each":[95],"supported":[96],"tailored":[98],"prompt":[99],"templates":[100],"improve":[102],"quality":[104],"consistency":[106],"LLM":[108],"outputs.We":[109],"evaluate":[110],"using":[112],"GPT-4o,":[113],"LLaMA":[114],"3,":[115],"DeepSeek-R1,":[117],"compare":[119],"generated":[121],"SRSs":[122],"against":[123],"those":[124],"produced":[125],"holistic":[128],"GPT-4-based":[129],"method":[132],"existing":[134],"work":[135],"as":[136,138],"well":[137],"entry-level":[140],"engineers.":[142],"Expert":[143],"evaluations":[144],"show":[145],"produces":[148],"more":[149],"accurate":[150],"well-structured":[152],"documents.":[154],"The":[155],"performance":[156],"advantage":[157],"benefits":[160],"its":[162,171],"design,":[164],"experimental":[166],"results":[167,180],"further":[168],"demonstrate":[169],"classification":[173,185],"component":[174],"achieves":[175],"comparable":[176],"or":[177],"even":[178],"better":[179],"than":[181],"state-of-the-art":[183],"model.":[186]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-07-14T23:27:15.235271","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}