{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4412966610","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ntms65597.2025.11076918","title":"Hybrid Key Exchange and Signature Design for Quantum-safe C-ITS","display_name":"Hybrid Key Exchange and Signature Design for Quantum-safe C-ITS","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-06-18","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4412966610","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ntms65597.2025.11076918"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/ntms65597.2025.11076918","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ntms65597.2025.11076918","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2025 12th IFIP International Conference on New Technologies, Mobility and Security (NTMS)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"conference-paper","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://hal.science/hal-05074844","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5066456404","display_name":"Brigitte Lonc","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I3018083178","display_name":"Institut de Recherche Technologique SystemX","ror":"https://ror.org/03crmsn52","country_code":"FR","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I3018083178"]}],"countries":["FR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Brigitte Lonc","raw_affiliation_strings":["B. Lonc Consulting / IRT SystemX"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"B. Lonc Consulting / IRT SystemX","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3018083178"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5106637900","display_name":"Farah-Emma Braiteh","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0004-9025-3614"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I3018083178","display_name":"Institut de Recherche Technologique SystemX","ror":"https://ror.org/03crmsn52","country_code":"FR","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I3018083178"]}],"countries":["FR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Farah-Emma Braiteh","raw_affiliation_strings":["Renault Group / IRT SystemX"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Renault Group / IRT SystemX","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3018083178"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5060141181","display_name":"Francesca Bassi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9630-6893"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I3018083178","display_name":"Institut de Recherche Technologique SystemX","ror":"https://ror.org/03crmsn52","country_code":"FR","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I3018083178"]}],"countries":["FR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Francesca Bassi","raw_affiliation_strings":["IRT SystemX"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"IRT SystemX","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3018083178"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3018083178"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.15456023,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"100","last_page":"108"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10951","display_name":"Cryptographic Implementations and Security","score":0.994700014591217,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10951","display_name":"Cryptographic Implementations and Security","score":0.994700014591217,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10237","display_name":"Cryptography and Data Security","score":0.9832000136375427,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11017","display_name":"Chaos-based Image/Signal Encryption","score":0.9801999926567078,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/key","display_name":"Key (lock)","score":0.6865196824073792},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/signature","display_name":"Signature (topology)","score":0.6034221053123474},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/key-exchange","display_name":"Key exchange","score":0.5785998106002808},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5438724756240845},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/quantum","display_name":"Quantum","score":0.4711567163467407},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/public-key-cryptography","display_name":"Public-key cryptography","score":0.3657068610191345},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security","display_name":"Computer security","score":0.31197991967201233},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.1828419268131256},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.1428544819355011},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/encryption","display_name":"Encryption","score":0.13259851932525635},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/quantum-mechanics","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","score":0.12162593007087708}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26517878","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228039","display_name":"Key (lock)","level":2,"score":0.6865196824073792},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779696439","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7512811","display_name":"Signature (topology)","level":2,"score":0.6034221053123474},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C99674996","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1414155","display_name":"Key exchange","level":4,"score":0.5785998106002808},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5438724756240845},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C84114770","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q46344","display_name":"Quantum","level":2,"score":0.4711567163467407},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C203062551","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q201339","display_name":"Public-key cryptography","level":3,"score":0.3657068610191345},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.31197991967201233},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.1828419268131256},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.1428544819355011},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C148730421","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141090","display_name":"Encryption","level":2,"score":0.13259851932525635},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.12162593007087708},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/ntms65597.2025.11076918","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ntms65597.2025.11076918","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2025 12th IFIP International Conference on New Technologies, Mobility and Security (NTMS)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:HAL:hal-05074844v1","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://hal.science/hal-05074844","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402512","display_name":"HAL (Le Centre pour la Communication Scientifique Directe)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1294671590","host_organization_name":"Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1294671590"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"IEEE/IFIP Workshop on Secure and Resilient Communication for Drones and Autonomous Vehicle Networks (SRC-DAV 2025), Jun 2025, Paris, France","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/conferenceObject"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:HAL:hal-05074844v1","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://hal.science/hal-05074844","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402512","display_name":"HAL (Le Centre pour la Communication Scientifique Directe)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1294671590","host_organization_name":"Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1294671590"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"IEEE/IFIP Workshop on Secure and Resilient Communication for Drones and Autonomous Vehicle Networks (SRC-DAV 2025), Jun 2025, Paris, France","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/conferenceObject"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":21,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W287263438","https://openalex.org/W2144562951","https://openalex.org/W2270478131","https://openalex.org/W2620573213","https://openalex.org/W2957658350","https://openalex.org/W3023478445","https://openalex.org/W3100122058","https://openalex.org/W4237018069","https://openalex.org/W4239555993","https://openalex.org/W4245539550","https://openalex.org/W4366771594","https://openalex.org/W4378976995","https://openalex.org/W4385801245","https://openalex.org/W4385819544","https://openalex.org/W4404067993","https://openalex.org/W6681091016","https://openalex.org/W6739316971","https://openalex.org/W6785805307","https://openalex.org/W6789498892","https://openalex.org/W6848623155","https://openalex.org/W6859551275"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2413467815","https://openalex.org/W2126037447","https://openalex.org/W4243688874","https://openalex.org/W2284062947","https://openalex.org/W4302812179","https://openalex.org/W4252709806","https://openalex.org/W2081673223","https://openalex.org/W2888183313","https://openalex.org/W2154930424","https://openalex.org/W1974314423"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Secure":[0],"vehicular":[1],"communication":[2],"systems":[3],"are":[4],"critical":[5,24],"for":[6,35,89,132,138],"enabling":[7],"technologies":[8],"like":[9],"Cooperative":[10],"Intelligent":[11],"Transportation":[12],"Systems":[13],"(C-ITS),":[14],"which":[15],"support":[16],"the":[17,46,77,106,116],"development":[18],"of":[19,48,79,108,120],"Connected":[20],"Autonomous":[21],"Vehicles.":[22],"These":[23],"communications":[25],"rely":[26],"on":[27,97],"secure":[28],"protocols":[29],"that":[30,150],"use":[31],"public-key":[32],"cryptographic":[33,65,92],"algorithms":[34,83],"digital":[36],"signatures":[37],"and":[38,86,118,134],"encryption":[39],"within":[40],"a":[41,54,121,144],"publickey":[42],"infrastructure":[43],"(PKI).":[44],"However,":[45],"emergence":[47],"large-scale,":[49],"fault-tolerant":[50],"quantum":[51],"computers":[52],"poses":[53],"significant":[55],"security":[56,164],"threat,":[57],"as":[58],"it":[59],"will":[60],"eventually":[61],"compromise":[62],"current":[63],"asymmetric":[64],"schemes.":[66,93],"In":[67],"response":[68],"to":[69,104,110],"this":[70],"challenge,":[71],"our":[72],"previous":[73],"research":[74],"[1]":[75],"analyzed":[76],"performance":[78],"Post-Quantum":[80],"Cryptography":[81],"(PQC)":[82],"under":[84],"standardization":[85],"provided":[87],"guidance":[88],"replacing":[90],"vulnerable":[91],"This":[94],"paper":[95],"builds":[96],"those":[98],"findings":[99],"by":[100],"introducing":[101],"hybridization":[102],"solutions":[103],"facilitate":[105],"transition":[107],"C-ITS":[109],"quantum-safe":[111],"cryptography.":[112],"Specifically,":[113],"we":[114,142],"present":[115],"design":[117],"specification":[119],"hybrid":[122,130,136,146],"PKI":[123,139],"integrating":[124],"different":[125],"certificate":[126],"types,":[127],"including":[128],"partial":[129],"certificates":[131,137],"end-entities":[133],"full":[135],"authorities.":[140],"Furthermore,":[141],"propose":[143],"novel":[145],"key":[147],"establishment":[148],"scheme":[149,168],"combines":[151],"Elliptic":[152],"Curve":[153],"Integrated":[154],"Encryption":[155],"Scheme":[156],"(ECIES)":[157],"with":[158],"Module-Lattice-Based":[159],"KeyEncapsulation":[160],"Mechanism":[161],"(ML-KEM),":[162],"ensuring":[163],"even":[165],"if":[166],"one":[167],"fails.":[169]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-07-29T14:22:42.915294","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}