{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4377089729","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ner52421.2023.10123881","title":"Novel Reinforcement Learning Algorithm for Suppressing Synchronization in Closed Loop Deep Brain Stimulators","display_name":"Novel Reinforcement Learning Algorithm for Suppressing Synchronization in Closed Loop Deep Brain Stimulators","publication_year":2023,"publication_date":"2023-04-24","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4377089729","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ner52421.2023.10123881"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/ner52421.2023.10123881","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ner52421.2023.10123881","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2023 11th International IEEE/EMBS Conference on Neural Engineering (NER)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"conference-paper","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5087127969","display_name":"Harsh Agarwal","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8506-9039"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I154549908","display_name":"Indian Institute of Technology Jodhpur","ror":"https://ror.org/03yacj906","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I154549908"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Harsh Agarwal","raw_affiliation_strings":["Indian Institute of Technology,Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering,Jodhpur,India","Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Jodhpur, India"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Indian Institute of Technology,Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering,Jodhpur,India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I154549908"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Jodhpur, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I154549908"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5005136133","display_name":"Heena Rathore","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9403-8071"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I13511017","display_name":"Texas State University","ror":"https://ror.org/05h9q1g27","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I13511017"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Heena Rathore","raw_affiliation_strings":["Texas State University,Department of Computer Science,San Marcos,USA","Department of Computer Science, Texas State University, San Marcos, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Texas State University,Department of Computer Science,San Marcos,USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I13511017"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, Texas State University, San Marcos, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I13511017"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.7899,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":2,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.81973094,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":"3","issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"5"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10919","display_name":"Neurological disorders and treatments","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2728","display_name":"Neurology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10919","display_name":"Neurological disorders and treatments","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2728","display_name":"Neurology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11601","display_name":"Neuroscience and Neural Engineering","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2804","display_name":"Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10581","display_name":"Neural dynamics and brain function","score":0.9947999715805054,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2805","display_name":"Cognitive Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reinforcement-learning","display_name":"Reinforcement learning","score":0.7948427200317383},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6859488487243652},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/synchronization","display_name":"Synchronization (alternating current)","score":0.5970532298088074},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/deep-brain-stimulation","display_name":"Deep brain stimulation","score":0.5193113684654236},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.4606352746486664},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/chaotic","display_name":"Chaotic","score":0.45826393365859985},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.39439865946769714}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C97541855","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q830687","display_name":"Reinforcement learning","level":2,"score":0.7948427200317383},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6859488487243652},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778562939","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1298791","display_name":"Synchronization (alternating current)","level":3,"score":0.5970532298088074},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778542668","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q618076","display_name":"Deep brain stimulation","level":4,"score":0.5193113684654236},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.4606352746486664},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777052490","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5072826","display_name":"Chaotic","level":2,"score":0.45826393365859985},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.39439865946769714},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142724271","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7208","display_name":"Pathology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779734285","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11085","display_name":"Parkinson's disease","level":3,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779134260","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12136","display_name":"Disease","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127162648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16858953","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/ner52421.2023.10123881","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ner52421.2023.10123881","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2023 11th International IEEE/EMBS Conference on Neural Engineering (NER)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","score":0.4099999964237213}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":34,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W182375345","https://openalex.org/W2017957151","https://openalex.org/W2019082810","https://openalex.org/W2073782853","https://openalex.org/W2084376682","https://openalex.org/W2088222816","https://openalex.org/W2131215403","https://openalex.org/W2145339207","https://openalex.org/W2163057446","https://openalex.org/W2618140515","https://openalex.org/W2746553466","https://openalex.org/W2787938642","https://openalex.org/W2917460663","https://openalex.org/W2963864421","https://openalex.org/W2980215736","https://openalex.org/W2987776153","https://openalex.org/W3008587157","https://openalex.org/W3009625029","https://openalex.org/W3028356406","https://openalex.org/W3037668217","https://openalex.org/W3081753205","https://openalex.org/W3087595506","https://openalex.org/W3165101924","https://openalex.org/W3202114911","https://openalex.org/W3217484642","https://openalex.org/W4214833982","https://openalex.org/W4221029707","https://openalex.org/W4251351176","https://openalex.org/W4280594356","https://openalex.org/W6683753088","https://openalex.org/W6684921986","https://openalex.org/W6748839928","https://openalex.org/W6780559895","https://openalex.org/W6802340724"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W622158969","https://openalex.org/W2518873333","https://openalex.org/W2114827170","https://openalex.org/W2991111293","https://openalex.org/W3031817477","https://openalex.org/W2887458996","https://openalex.org/W2806936602","https://openalex.org/W3028822299","https://openalex.org/W2060332367","https://openalex.org/W2149121888"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Parkinson's":[0],"disease":[1],"is":[2],"marked":[3],"by":[4],"altered":[5],"and":[6,24,33,37,71,120,139,151,153,171,179,199],"increased":[7],"firing":[8],"characteristics":[9],"of":[10,59,68,75,100,114,118,133,175],"pathological":[11,38,146],"oscillations":[12,23,39,60],"in":[13,40,61,95],"the":[14,35,57,93,131,134,156,169,172,186,191,200],"brain.":[15],"In":[16,29],"other":[17,182],"words,":[18],"it":[19],"causes":[20],"abnormal":[21],"synchronous":[22],"suppression":[25],"during":[26,98],"neurological":[27,101],"processing.":[28],"order":[30],"to":[31,79,137,168,181],"examine":[32],"regulate":[34],"synchronization":[36,94],"motor":[41],"circuits,":[42],"deep":[43,123],"brain":[44],"stimulators":[45],"(DBS)":[46],"are":[47],"used.":[48],"Although":[49],"machine":[50],"learning":[51,88],"methods":[52],"have":[53],"been":[54],"applied":[55],"for":[56,91,144],"investigation":[58],"DBS,":[62],"these":[63],"models":[64],"require":[65],"large":[66],"amounts":[67],"training":[69],"data":[70],"computational":[72],"power,":[73],"both":[74],"which":[76],"pose":[77],"challenges":[78],"resource-constrained":[80],"DBS.":[81],"This":[82],"research":[83],"proposes":[84],"a":[85,115,121],"novel":[86],"reinforcement":[87],"(RL)":[89],"framework":[90,136],"suppressing":[92],"neuronal":[96],"activity":[97],"episodes":[99],"disorders":[102],"with":[103,194],"less":[104],"power":[105],"consumption.":[106],"The":[107],"proposed":[108,135],"RL":[109,143,183],"algorithm":[110],"comprises":[111],"an":[112],"ensemble":[113],"temporal":[116],"representation":[117],"stimuli":[119],"twin-delayed":[122],"deterministic":[124],"(TD3)":[125],"policy":[126],"gradient":[127],"algorithm.":[128],"We":[129],"quantify":[130],"stability":[132],"noise":[138],"reduced":[140],"synchrony":[141],"using":[142],"three":[145],"signaling":[147],"regimes:":[148],"regular,":[149],"chaotic,":[150],"bursting,":[152],"further":[154],"eliminate":[155],"undesirable":[157],"oscillations.":[158],"Furthermore,":[159],"performance":[160],"metrics":[161],"such":[162],"as":[163],"evaluation":[164],"rewards,":[165],"energy":[166],"supplied":[167],"ensemble,":[170],"mean":[173],"point":[174],"convergence":[176],"were":[177],"used":[178],"compared":[180],"algorithms,":[184],"namely":[185],"Advantage":[187],"Actor":[188,192],"Critic":[189,193],"(A2C),":[190],"Kronecker-Featured":[195],"Trust":[196],"Region":[197],"(ACKTR),":[198],"Proximal":[201],"Policy":[202],"Optimization":[203],"(PPO).":[204]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-07-29T14:22:42.915294","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
