{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4408145402","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/mcom.003.2400445","title":"The Road Toward General Edge Intelligence: Standing on the Shoulders of Foundation Models","display_name":"The Road Toward General Edge Intelligence: Standing on the Shoulders of Foundation Models","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-03-04","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4408145402","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/mcom.003.2400445"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/mcom.003.2400445","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/mcom.003.2400445","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S158797327","display_name":"IEEE Communications Magazine","issn_l":"0163-6804","issn":["0163-6804","1558-1896"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Communications Magazine","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5063444145","display_name":"Le He","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2154-1562"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I37987034","display_name":"Guangzhou University","ror":"https://ror.org/05ar8rn06","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I37987034"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Le He","raw_affiliation_strings":["Guangzhou University,China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Guangzhou University,China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I37987034"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5037957923","display_name":"Lisheng Fan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9783-1366"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I37987034","display_name":"Guangzhou University","ror":"https://ror.org/05ar8rn06","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I37987034"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Lisheng Fan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Guangzhou University,China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Guangzhou University,China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I37987034"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5028336223","display_name":"Xianfu Lei","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5229-458X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4800084","display_name":"Southwest Jiaotong University","ror":"https://ror.org/00hn7w693","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4800084"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xianfu Lei","raw_affiliation_strings":["Southwest Jiaotong University,China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Southwest Jiaotong University,China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4800084"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101880047","display_name":"Pingzhi Fan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8281-6251"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4800084","display_name":"Southwest Jiaotong University","ror":"https://ror.org/00hn7w693","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4800084"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Pingzhi Fan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Southwest Jiaotong University,China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Southwest Jiaotong University,China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4800084"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5002265731","display_name":"Arumugam Nallanathan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8337-5884"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I166337079","display_name":"Queen Mary University of London","ror":"https://ror.org/026zzn846","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I124357947","https://openalex.org/I166337079"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Arumugam Nallanathan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Queen Mary University of London,UK"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Queen Mary University of London,UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I166337079"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5061744244","display_name":"George K. Karagiannidis","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8810-0345"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I21370196","display_name":"Aristotle University of Thessaloniki","ror":"https://ror.org/02j61yw88","country_code":"GR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I21370196"]}],"countries":["GR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"George K. Karagiannidis","raw_affiliation_strings":["Aristotle University of Thessaloniki,Greece"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Aristotle University of Thessaloniki,Greece","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I21370196"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":3,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":11.6687,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":13,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.98864589,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":98,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"63","issue":"9","first_page":"164","last_page":"170"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14394","display_name":"Cognitive Science and Education Research","score":0.22509999573230743,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2805","display_name":"Cognitive Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14394","display_name":"Cognitive Science and Education Research","score":0.22509999573230743,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2805","display_name":"Cognitive Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13062","display_name":"Cognitive Computing and Networks","score":0.21040000021457672,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12805","display_name":"Cognitive Science and Mapping","score":0.19529999792575836,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.8160707950592041},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/foundation","display_name":"Foundation (evidence)","score":0.6266142725944519},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/shoulders","display_name":"Shoulders","score":0.5943105220794678},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/enhanced-data-rates-for-gsm-evolution","display_name":"Enhanced Data Rates for GSM Evolution","score":0.5484585762023926},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.41055941581726074},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.3224249482154846}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8160707950592041},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780966255","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5474306","display_name":"Foundation (evidence)","level":2,"score":0.6266142725944519},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777325788","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16363","display_name":"Shoulders","level":2,"score":0.5943105220794678},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162307627","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q204833","display_name":"Enhanced Data Rates for GSM Evolution","level":2,"score":0.5484585762023926},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.41055941581726074},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.3224249482154846},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C166957645","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23498","display_name":"Archaeology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C95457728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q309","display_name":"History","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C141071460","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q40821","display_name":"Surgery","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/mcom.003.2400445","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/mcom.003.2400445","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S158797327","display_name":"IEEE Communications Magazine","issn_l":"0163-6804","issn":["0163-6804","1558-1896"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Communications Magazine","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.699999988079071,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/11","display_name":"Sustainable cities and communities"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3953767079","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"U23A20273/62271158","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":4,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2950865323","https://openalex.org/W4385572063","https://openalex.org/W4389524555","https://openalex.org/W4392902389"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2097168487","https://openalex.org/W2069513325","https://openalex.org/W2791520673","https://openalex.org/W2097970179","https://openalex.org/W1144894844","https://openalex.org/W1914928029","https://openalex.org/W2050109828","https://openalex.org/W2137863352","https://openalex.org/W4296978983","https://openalex.org/W2419231351"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Foundation":[0],"models,":[1,26],"pre-trained":[2],"on":[3,21,144],"vast":[4],"datasets,":[5],"offer":[6],"a":[7,113,142,187],"robust":[8],"backbone":[9],"for":[10,41,170],"developing":[11],"artificial":[12,50],"intelligence":[13,38,52,59,90],"(AI)":[14],"applications":[15],"more":[16],"efficiently":[17],"and":[18,68,111,137,148,159,166,179,196],"cost-effectively.":[19],"Standing":[20],"the":[22,36,55,97,102,125,153,191],"shoulders":[23],"of":[24,85,105,119,190],"foundation":[25,31,106,173],"that":[27],"is,":[28],"by":[29,129],"integrating":[30,172],"models":[32,107],"into":[33,115],"edge":[34,58,89,167,198],"systems,":[35],"system":[37,168],"is":[39,127],"poised":[40],"significant":[42],"evolution.":[43],"This":[44],"evolution":[45],"ultimately":[46],"aims":[47],"to":[48,81,185],"achieve":[49],"general":[51,88],"(AGI)":[53],"at":[54,151],"edge,":[56],"where":[57],"(EI)":[60],"would":[61],"attain":[62],"high-level":[63],"capabilities":[64],"like":[65],"reasoning,":[66],"planning,":[67],"learning":[69],"from":[70],"experience,":[71],"potentially":[72],"reaching":[73],"or":[74],"even":[75],"surpassing":[76],"human-level":[77],"proficiency.":[78],"We":[79,140],"refer":[80],"this":[82,93,109],"ultimate":[83],"vision":[84],"EI":[86],"as":[87],"(GEI).":[91],"In":[92],"article,":[94],"we":[95,183],"explore":[96],"road":[98],"toward":[99,193],"GEI,":[100],"highlighting":[101],"critical":[103],"role":[104],"in":[108,157],"transformation":[110],"offering":[112],"glimpse":[114],"future":[116],"application":[117],"scenarios":[118],"GEI.":[120],"Despite":[121],"its":[122],"promising":[123],"potential,":[124],"path":[126],"challenged":[128],"resource":[130],"constraints,":[131],"high":[132],"energy":[133],"consumption,":[134],"inference":[135],"latency,":[136],"privacy":[138],"concerns.":[139],"conducted":[141],"survey":[143],"recent":[145],"research":[146,181],"directions":[147],"efforts":[149],"aimed":[150],"tackling":[152],"above":[154],"challenges,":[155],"particularly":[156],"efficient":[158],"safe":[160],"federated":[161],"fine-tuning,":[162],"novel":[163],"model":[164],"architectures,":[165],"designs":[169],"naturally":[171],"models.":[174],"By":[175],"summarizing":[176],"these":[177],"advancements":[178],"identifying":[180],"directions,":[182],"aim":[184],"provide":[186],"broad":[188],"overview":[189],"progress":[192],"achieving":[194],"intelligent":[195],"responsive":[197],"systems.":[199]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":10}],"updated_date":"2025-12-21T01:58:51.020947","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
