{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4404410965","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/mc.2024.3461841","title":"AI Robustness Against Attacks in City-Scale Autonomous Drone Deployments","display_name":"AI Robustness Against Attacks in City-Scale Autonomous Drone Deployments","publication_year":2024,"publication_date":"2024-11-15","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4404410965","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/mc.2024.3461841"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/mc.2024.3461841","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/mc.2024.3461841","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S178916657","display_name":"Computer","issn_l":"0018-9162","issn":["0018-9162","1558-0814"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320439","host_organization_name":"IEEE Computer Society","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320439","https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["IEEE Computer Society","Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Computer","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5057799178","display_name":"Abdul-Rasheed Ottun","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5336-1438"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I56085075","display_name":"University of Tartu","ror":"https://ror.org/03z77qz90","country_code":"EE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I56085075"]}],"countries":["EE"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Abdul-Rasheed Ottun","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I56085075"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5103174037","display_name":"Adeyinka Akintola","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0004-3472-2463"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I56085075","display_name":"University of Tartu","ror":"https://ror.org/03z77qz90","country_code":"EE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I56085075"]}],"countries":["EE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Adeyinka Akintola","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I56085075"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5032940278","display_name":"Mohan Liyanage","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6496-1562"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I56085075","display_name":"University of Tartu","ror":"https://ror.org/03z77qz90","country_code":"EE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I56085075"]}],"countries":["EE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mohan Liyanage","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I56085075"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5012518322","display_name":"Michell Boerger","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5741-9043"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2800804238","display_name":"Fraunhofer Institute for Open Communication Systems","ror":"https://ror.org/00px80p03","country_code":"DE","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2800804238","https://openalex.org/I4923324"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Michell Boerger","raw_affiliation_strings":["Fraunhofer FOKUS, Berlin, Germany"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Fraunhofer FOKUS, Berlin, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2800804238"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5029925982","display_name":"Pan Hui","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I133731052","display_name":"University of Helsinki","ror":"https://ror.org/040af2s02","country_code":"FI","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I133731052"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I200769079","display_name":"Hong Kong University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/00q4vv597","country_code":"HK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I200769079"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I889458895","display_name":"University of Hong Kong","ror":"https://ror.org/02zhqgq86","country_code":"HK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I889458895"]}],"countries":["FI","HK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Pan Hui","raw_affiliation_strings":["Hong Kong University of Science and Technology and University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Hong Kong University of Science and Technology and University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I133731052","https://openalex.org/I200769079","https://openalex.org/I889458895"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5054443906","display_name":"Sasu Tarkoma","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4220-3650"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I133731052","display_name":"University of Helsinki","ror":"https://ror.org/040af2s02","country_code":"FI","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I133731052"]}],"countries":["FI"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sasu Tarkoma","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I133731052"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5047823462","display_name":"Nikolay Tcholtchev","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6821-4417"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2800804238","display_name":"Fraunhofer Institute for Open Communication Systems","ror":"https://ror.org/00px80p03","country_code":"DE","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2800804238","https://openalex.org/I4923324"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Nikolay Tcholtchev","raw_affiliation_strings":["Fraunhofer FOKUS, Berlin, Germany"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Fraunhofer FOKUS, Berlin, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2800804238"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5066542585","display_name":"Petteri Nurmi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8262-6434"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I133731052","display_name":"University of Helsinki","ror":"https://ror.org/040af2s02","country_code":"FI","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I133731052"]}],"countries":["FI"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Petteri Nurmi","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I133731052"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5080043050","display_name":"Huber Flores","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4551-629X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I56085075","display_name":"University of Tartu","ror":"https://ror.org/03z77qz90","country_code":"EE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I56085075"]}],"countries":["EE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Huber Flores","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I56085075"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":4,"institutions_distinct_count":9,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5057799178"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I56085075"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":3.8987,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":3,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.94039636,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":95,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"57","issue":"12","first_page":"47","last_page":"57"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11133","display_name":"UAV Applications and Optimization","score":0.9369000196456909,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11133","display_name":"UAV Applications and Optimization","score":0.9369000196456909,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/drone","display_name":"Drone","score":0.9216456413269043},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/robustness","display_name":"Robustness (evolution)","score":0.7143535017967224},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security","display_name":"Computer security","score":0.6235857009887695},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5754491686820984},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/aeronautics","display_name":"Aeronautics","score":0.42913544178009033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/scale","display_name":"Scale (ratio)","score":0.42485353350639343},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.20982539653778076},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geography","display_name":"Geography","score":0.10971897840499878},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cartography","display_name":"Cartography","score":0.08239981532096863}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C59519942","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q650665","display_name":"Drone","level":2,"score":0.9216456413269043},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C63479239","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7353546","display_name":"Robustness (evolution)","level":3,"score":0.7143535017967224},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.6235857009887695},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5754491686820984},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C178802073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8421","display_name":"Aeronautics","level":1,"score":0.42913544178009033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778755073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10858537","display_name":"Scale (ratio)","level":2,"score":0.42485353350639343},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.20982539653778076},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.10971897840499878},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C58640448","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q42515","display_name":"Cartography","level":1,"score":0.08239981532096863},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104317684","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7187","display_name":"Gene","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C54355233","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7162","display_name":"Genetics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55493867","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7094","display_name":"Biochemistry","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/mc.2024.3461841","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/mc.2024.3461841","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S178916657","display_name":"Computer","issn_l":"0018-9162","issn":["0018-9162","1558-0814"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320439","host_organization_name":"IEEE Computer Society","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320439","https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["IEEE Computer Society","Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Computer","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:repository.hkust.edu.hk:1783.1-146839","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://repository.hkust.edu.hk/ir/Record/1783.1-146839","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401796","display_name":"Rare & Special e-Zone (The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I200769079","host_organization_name":"Hong Kong University of Science and Technology","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I200769079"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:publica.fraunhofer.de:publica/479362","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://publica.fraunhofer.de/handle/publica/479362","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400318","display_name":"Fraunhofer-Publica (Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4923324","host_organization_name":"Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4923324"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"journal article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/13","display_name":"Climate action","score":0.5099999904632568}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7711852765","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"101021808","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335254","funder_display_name":"Horizon 2020"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335254","display_name":"Horizon 2020","ror":null}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":18,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1849277567","https://openalex.org/W2516809705","https://openalex.org/W2889749348","https://openalex.org/W2913865807","https://openalex.org/W2954503794","https://openalex.org/W2972469347","https://openalex.org/W2990557569","https://openalex.org/W3083185154","https://openalex.org/W3115348209","https://openalex.org/W3167927318","https://openalex.org/W3172086939","https://openalex.org/W3198500200","https://openalex.org/W3204683753","https://openalex.org/W3213748123","https://openalex.org/W4205561327","https://openalex.org/W4225611656","https://openalex.org/W4225730461","https://openalex.org/W6737947904"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4229448053","https://openalex.org/W4247925126","https://openalex.org/W4327774218","https://openalex.org/W2059768187","https://openalex.org/W4312858960","https://openalex.org/W4386036939","https://openalex.org/W4379143281","https://openalex.org/W2605096541","https://openalex.org/W3200286695","https://openalex.org/W4212885606"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"We":[0,23],"analyze":[1],"the":[2,27,35],"impact":[3],"of":[4,40],"poisoning":[5],"attacks":[6],"on":[7],"autonomous":[8,41],"drones":[9],"and":[10,30],"demonstrate":[11],"how":[12],"explainable":[13],"artificial":[14],"intelligence":[15],"techniques":[16],"can":[17],"be":[18],"employed":[19],"to":[20],"detect":[21],"them.":[22],"then":[24],"delve":[25],"into":[26],"risks,":[28],"opportunities,":[29],"research":[31],"challenges,":[32],"ultimately":[33],"paving":[34],"way":[36],"for":[37],"city-scale":[38],"deployments":[39],"drones.":[42]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-03-27T05:58:40.876381","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}