{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4415884078","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/mass66014.2025.00116","title":"A Secure D2D 5G-AKA Protocol with Anonymity Resistance and Perfect Forward Secrecy","display_name":"A Secure D2D 5G-AKA Protocol with Anonymity Resistance and Perfect Forward Secrecy","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-10-06","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4415884078","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/mass66014.2025.00116"},"language":null,"primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/mass66014.2025.00116","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/mass66014.2025.00116","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2025 IEEE 22nd International Conference on Mobile Ad-Hoc and Smart Systems (MASS)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"conference-paper","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Shivam Patel","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I154851008","display_name":"Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee","ror":"https://ror.org/00582g326","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I154851008"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shivam Patel","raw_affiliation_strings":["Indian Institute of Technology,Dept. of Computer Science and Engineering,Roorkee,Uttarakhand,India"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Indian Institute of Technology,Dept. of Computer Science and Engineering,Roorkee,Uttarakhand,India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I154851008"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5110308926","display_name":"Ravi Kumar","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I154851008","display_name":"Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee","ror":"https://ror.org/00582g326","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I154851008"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ravi Kumar","raw_affiliation_strings":["Indian Institute of Technology,Dept. of Computer Science and Engineering,Roorkee,Uttarakhand,India"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Indian Institute of Technology,Dept. of Computer Science and Engineering,Roorkee,Uttarakhand,India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I154851008"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5078852484","display_name":"Awaneesh Kumar Yadav","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2924-0361"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I9579091","display_name":"Indian Institute of Technology Mandi","ror":"https://ror.org/05r9r2f34","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I9579091"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Awaneesh Kumar Yadav","raw_affiliation_strings":["Indian Institute of Technology,School of Computing and Electrical Engineering,Mandi,Himachal Pradesh,India"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Indian Institute of Technology,School of Computing and Electrical Engineering,Mandi,Himachal Pradesh,India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I9579091"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101735351","display_name":"Manoj Misra","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7288-7777"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I154851008","display_name":"Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee","ror":"https://ror.org/00582g326","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I154851008"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Manoj Misra","raw_affiliation_strings":["Indian Institute of Technology,Dept. of Computer Science and Engineering,Roorkee,Uttarakhand,India"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Indian Institute of Technology,Dept. of Computer Science and Engineering,Roorkee,Uttarakhand,India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I154851008"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":1,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"711","last_page":"716"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10964","display_name":"Wireless Communication Security Techniques","score":0.6305000185966492,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10964","display_name":"Wireless Communication Security Techniques","score":0.6305000185966492,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11498","display_name":"Security in Wireless Sensor Networks","score":0.14880000054836273,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12079","display_name":"IoT Networks and Protocols","score":0.03840000182390213,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/forward-secrecy","display_name":"Forward secrecy","score":0.6841999888420105},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/robustness","display_name":"Robustness (evolution)","score":0.5024999976158142},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/anonymity","display_name":"Anonymity","score":0.46950000524520874},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/secure-communication","display_name":"Secure communication","score":0.4514999985694885},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cryptographic-protocol","display_name":"Cryptographic protocol","score":0.43720000982284546},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/replay-attack","display_name":"Replay attack","score":0.4239000082015991},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/key-exchange","display_name":"Key exchange","score":0.42239999771118164},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/relay","display_name":"Relay","score":0.4099000096321106},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/secrecy","display_name":"Secrecy","score":0.40849998593330383},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/adversary","display_name":"Adversary","score":0.40630000829696655}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7749000191688538},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205009425","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q935662","display_name":"Forward secrecy","level":4,"score":0.6841999888420105},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.5651999711990356},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.515999972820282},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C63479239","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7353546","display_name":"Robustness (evolution)","level":3,"score":0.5024999976158142},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C178005623","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q308859","display_name":"Anonymity","level":2,"score":0.46950000524520874},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C510870077","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7444868","display_name":"Secure communication","level":3,"score":0.4514999985694885},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33884865","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1254335","display_name":"Cryptographic protocol","level":3,"score":0.43720000982284546},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11560541","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1756025","display_name":"Replay attack","level":3,"score":0.4239000082015991},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C99674996","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1414155","display_name":"Key exchange","level":4,"score":0.42239999771118164},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778156585","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q174053","display_name":"Relay","level":3,"score":0.4099000096321106},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776452267","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1503443","display_name":"Secrecy","level":2,"score":0.40849998593330383},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41065033","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2825412","display_name":"Adversary","level":2,"score":0.40630000829696655},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C21564112","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4825885","display_name":"Authentication protocol","level":3,"score":0.3756999969482422},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777572472","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4825878","display_name":"Authenticated Key Exchange","level":5,"score":0.37400001287460327},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780385302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q367158","display_name":"Protocol (science)","level":3,"score":0.36649999022483826},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C148417208","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4825882","display_name":"Authentication (law)","level":2,"score":0.3580000102519989},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26517878","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228039","display_name":"Key (lock)","level":2,"score":0.35569998621940613},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781221063","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6944186","display_name":"Mutual authentication","level":3,"score":0.3513999879360199},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C12269588","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q132364","display_name":"Communications protocol","level":2,"score":0.34549999237060547},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C178489894","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8789","display_name":"Cryptography","level":2,"score":0.33169999718666077},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105339364","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2297740","display_name":"Software deployment","level":2,"score":0.3294000029563904},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C141492731","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1052621","display_name":"Message authentication code","level":3,"score":0.32820001244544983},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165751822","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7894118","display_name":"Universal composability","level":4,"score":0.31049999594688416},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C135530808","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3306713","display_name":"Key-agreement protocol","level":5,"score":0.30489999055862427},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776788033","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q320769","display_name":"Eavesdropping","level":2,"score":0.30160000920295715},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17886624","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1320561","display_name":"Key management","level":3,"score":0.2904999852180481},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151423352","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5154228","display_name":"Communications security","level":3,"score":0.28360000252723694},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76947770","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4533181","display_name":"Ephemeral key","level":2,"score":0.2833999991416931},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C555944384","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q249","display_name":"Wireless","level":2,"score":0.2827000021934509},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C180073179","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3304359","display_name":"Secure channel","level":3,"score":0.27639999985694885},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C110875604","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q75","display_name":"The Internet","level":2,"score":0.27559998631477356},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120314980","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180634","display_name":"Distributed computing","level":1,"score":0.2734000086784363},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192126672","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1068715","display_name":"Telecommunications network","level":2,"score":0.26910001039505005},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C148730421","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141090","display_name":"Encryption","level":2,"score":0.2680000066757202},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153646914","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q535695","display_name":"Cellular network","level":2,"score":0.265500009059906},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163173736","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3308558","display_name":"Key generation","level":3,"score":0.26109999418258667}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/mass66014.2025.00116","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/mass66014.2025.00116","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2025 IEEE 22nd International Conference on Mobile Ad-Hoc and Smart Systems (MASS)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":30,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1526070463","https://openalex.org/W1561441787","https://openalex.org/W1603878273","https://openalex.org/W2029693536","https://openalex.org/W2969545733","https://openalex.org/W3089251135","https://openalex.org/W3119735993","https://openalex.org/W3121114837","https://openalex.org/W3123475154","https://openalex.org/W3129061468","https://openalex.org/W3140564850","https://openalex.org/W3152708317","https://openalex.org/W3195652759","https://openalex.org/W3196231209","https://openalex.org/W4200348845","https://openalex.org/W4205760526","https://openalex.org/W4286615378","https://openalex.org/W4317179002","https://openalex.org/W4323321768","https://openalex.org/W4360620293","https://openalex.org/W4380536771","https://openalex.org/W4385739291","https://openalex.org/W4392939665","https://openalex.org/W4393975155","https://openalex.org/W4394596171","https://openalex.org/W4399096410","https://openalex.org/W4399563764","https://openalex.org/W4402512924","https://openalex.org/W4408200343","https://openalex.org/W4409701427"],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Device-to-Device":[0],"(D2D)":[1],"communication":[2,35,56,177],"operating":[3],"in":[4,21,28,36,39,57,170],"relay":[5],"mode":[6],"has":[7],"become":[8],"an":[9],"essential":[10],"strategy":[11],"for":[12,54,99,119],"extending":[13],"network":[14,30],"coverage":[15],"and":[16,63,82,114,139,146,179],"ensuring":[17],"reliable":[18],"connectivity,":[19],"particularly":[20],"environments":[22,45],"where":[23],"direct":[24],"links":[25],"are":[26,67],"unavailable":[27],"5G":[29,37,58,120],"communications.":[31],"However,":[32],"securing":[33],"D2D":[34,55,116],"networks":[38],"resource-constrained":[40],"Internet":[41],"of":[42,172],"Things":[43],"(IoT)":[44],"remains":[46],"a":[47,112,158],"significant":[48],"challenge,":[49],"especially":[50],"authentication.":[51],"The":[52,130],"state-of-the-art":[53],"reveals":[59],"that":[60],"existing":[61,163],"authentication":[62,117],"key":[64,128],"agreement":[65],"protocols":[66],"often":[68],"vulnerable":[69],"to":[70,149],"severe":[71],"security":[72,141,173],"threats,":[73],"including":[74],"denial-of-service":[75],"(DoS)":[76],"attacks,":[77,84],"anonymity,":[78],"ephemeral":[79],"secret":[80],"leakage":[81],"replay":[83],"also":[85],"do":[86],"not":[87],"offer":[88],"perfect":[89],"forward":[90],"secrecy.":[91],"Moreover,":[92],"their":[93],"computational":[94,175],"complexity":[95],"makes":[96],"them":[97],"unsuitable":[98],"deployment":[100],"on":[101,123],"constrained":[102],"IoT":[103],"devices.":[104],"To":[105],"address":[106],"these":[107],"limitations,":[108],"this":[109],"paper":[110],"proposes":[111],"Secure":[113],"Efficient":[115],"Protocol":[118],"Communication":[121],"based":[122],"Elliptic":[124],"Curve":[125],"Diffie-Hellman":[126],"(ECDH)":[127],"exchange.":[129],"proposed":[131,167],"protocol":[132],"is":[133],"rigorously":[134],"evaluated":[135],"through":[136],"both":[137],"informal":[138],"formal":[140],"methods":[142],"(Real-Or-Random":[143],"(ROR)":[144],"logic":[145],"Scyther":[147],"tool)":[148],"demonstrate":[150],"its":[151],"robustness":[152],"against":[153],"various":[154],"known":[155],"attacks.":[156],"Additionally,":[157],"comprehensive":[159],"performance":[160],"comparison":[161],"with":[162],"schemes":[164],"highlights":[165],"the":[166],"protocol\u2019s":[168],"advantages":[169],"terms":[171],"features,":[174],"efficiency,":[176],"overhead,":[178],"storage":[180],"requirements.":[181]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-07-14T23:27:15.235271","created_date":"2025-11-04T00:00:00"}