{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3097830613","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/lwmoocs50143.2020.9234363","title":"Algorithms for the Development of Deep Learning Models for Classification and Prediction of Behaviour in MOOCS","display_name":"Algorithms for the Development of Deep Learning Models for Classification and Prediction of Behaviour in MOOCS","publication_year":2020,"publication_date":"2020-09-29","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3097830613","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/lwmoocs50143.2020.9234363","mag":"3097830613"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/lwmoocs50143.2020.9234363","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/lwmoocs50143.2020.9234363","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2020 IEEE Learning With MOOCS (LWMOOCS)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5028225550","display_name":"Jos\u00e9 Edmond Meku Fotso","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1331070479","display_name":"Universit\u00e9 de Yaound\u00e9 I","ror":"https://ror.org/022zbs961","country_code":"CM","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1331070479"]}],"countries":["CM"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Jose Edmond Meku Fotso","raw_affiliation_strings":["National Advanced School of Engineering of Yaounde, University of Yaounde 1, Yaounde, Cameroon"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Advanced School of Engineering of Yaounde, University of Yaounde 1, Yaounde, Cameroon","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1331070479"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5089192235","display_name":"Bernab\u00e9 Batchakui","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5287-4207"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1331070479","display_name":"Universit\u00e9 de Yaound\u00e9 I","ror":"https://ror.org/022zbs961","country_code":"CM","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1331070479"]}],"countries":["CM"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Bernabe Batchakui","raw_affiliation_strings":["National Advanced School of Engineering of Yaounde, University of Yaounde 1, Yaounde, Cameroon"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Advanced School of Engineering of Yaounde, University of Yaounde 1, Yaounde, Cameroon","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1331070479"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5023748761","display_name":"Roger Nkambou","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8632-6997"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I159129438","display_name":"Universit\u00e9 du Qu\u00e9bec \u00e0 Montr\u00e9al","ror":"https://ror.org/002rjbv21","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I159129438","https://openalex.org/I49663120"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210156583","display_name":"Laboratoire d'Informatique de Paris-Nord","ror":"https://ror.org/05g1zjw44","country_code":"FR","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1294671590","https://openalex.org/I1294671590","https://openalex.org/I4210091279","https://openalex.org/I4210156583","https://openalex.org/I4210159245"]}],"countries":["CA","FR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Roger Nkambou","raw_affiliation_strings":["Computer Science Department, University of Quebec Montreal, Montreal"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Computer Science Department, University of Quebec Montreal, Montreal","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I159129438","https://openalex.org/I4210156583"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5038285567","display_name":"George Okereke","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3014-1993"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I11892038","display_name":"University of Nigeria","ror":"https://ror.org/01sn1yx84","country_code":"NG","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I11892038"]}],"countries":["NG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"George Okereke","raw_affiliation_strings":["Computer Science Department, University of Nigeria Nsukka, Nigeria"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Computer Science Department, University of Nigeria Nsukka, Nigeria","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I11892038"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":4,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5028225550"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1331070479"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":3.6844,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":20,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.93642669,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":91,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"180","last_page":"184"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11122","display_name":"Online Learning and Analytics","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1706","display_name":"Computer Science Applications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11122","display_name":"Online Learning and Analytics","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1706","display_name":"Computer Science Applications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11512","display_name":"Anomaly Detection Techniques and Applications","score":0.9796000123023987,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12761","display_name":"Data Stream Mining Techniques","score":0.9639000296592712,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/process","display_name":"Process (computing)","score":0.6988099813461304},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tutor","display_name":"TUTOR","score":0.6846359968185425},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6750110387802124},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dropout","display_name":"Dropout (neural networks)","score":0.5716423392295837},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/lifelong-learning","display_name":"Lifelong learning","score":0.5590067505836487},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/focus","display_name":"Focus (optics)","score":0.4550931453704834},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/deep-learning","display_name":"Deep learning","score":0.4367111921310425},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.39894142746925354},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics-education","display_name":"Mathematics education","score":0.35788634419441223},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.1973150074481964},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/psychology","display_name":"Psychology","score":0.16309669613838196},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pedagogy","display_name":"Pedagogy","score":0.15109482407569885}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98045186","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q205663","display_name":"Process (computing)","level":2,"score":0.6988099813461304},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778371403","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7672049","display_name":"TUTOR","level":2,"score":0.6846359968185425},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6750110387802124},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776145597","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25339462","display_name":"Dropout (neural networks)","level":2,"score":0.5716423392295837},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108771440","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q368475","display_name":"Lifelong learning","level":2,"score":0.5590067505836487},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192209626","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190909","display_name":"Focus (optics)","level":2,"score":0.4550931453704834},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108583219","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q197536","display_name":"Deep learning","level":2,"score":0.4367111921310425},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.39894142746925354},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C145420912","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q853077","display_name":"Mathematics education","level":1,"score":0.35788634419441223},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.1973150074481964},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.16309669613838196},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19417346","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7922","display_name":"Pedagogy","level":1,"score":0.15109482407569885},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120665830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620","display_name":"Optics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/lwmoocs50143.2020.9234363","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/lwmoocs50143.2020.9234363","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2020 IEEE Learning With MOOCS (LWMOOCS)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":15,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1511434862","https://openalex.org/W1907596159","https://openalex.org/W1973398808","https://openalex.org/W1981230616","https://openalex.org/W2041681658","https://openalex.org/W2078482049","https://openalex.org/W2098065385","https://openalex.org/W2295578532","https://openalex.org/W2403548416","https://openalex.org/W2791021147","https://openalex.org/W2806584107","https://openalex.org/W2889010933","https://openalex.org/W2964010366","https://openalex.org/W6713179020","https://openalex.org/W6749221481"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4312351362","https://openalex.org/W2362145073","https://openalex.org/W2358338760","https://openalex.org/W2364105709","https://openalex.org/W183073912","https://openalex.org/W2119729863","https://openalex.org/W2887971028","https://openalex.org/W2384383462","https://openalex.org/W2558686935","https://openalex.org/W2501172308"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"MOOCs":[0],"(Massive":[1],"Open":[2],"Online":[3],"Courses)":[4],"are":[5,82],"definitely":[6],"one":[7,113,165],"of":[8,55,58,71,147,166,212,262,297,328,380,396,461],"the":[9,14,48,90,107,114,129,167,198,213,217,281,295,324,352,363,369,373,394,397,400,425,427,430,432,434,459],"best":[10,310,364],"approach":[11],"to":[12,40,45,84,119,141,164,185,191,203,229,294,301,399,408,414,448],"support":[13,99,411],"international":[15],"agenda":[16],"about":[17],"inclusive":[18],"and":[19,22,34,44,60,77,102,124,138,157,175,180,206,256,267,291,322,337,366,390,393,412,467],"equitable":[20],"education":[21],"lifelong":[23],"learning":[24,91,108,189,199,218,268,304,401],"opportunities":[25],"for":[26,74,78,243,251,288,471],"all":[27],"(SDG4)":[28],"[1].":[29],"A":[30],"great":[31],"deal":[32],"universities":[33],"institutions":[35],"offer":[36],"valuable":[37],"free":[38],"courses":[39,79],"their":[41,104],"numerous":[42],"students":[43],"people":[46],"around":[47],"word":[49],"through":[50],"MOOC":[51,248,454],"platforms.":[52],"However,":[53],"because":[54],"huge":[56],"number":[57],"learners":[59,75,88,205],"data":[61,238,308],"generated,":[62],"learner\u2019s":[63],"behaviour":[64,194,215,272,392,447,451],"in":[65,89,128,197,201,216,246,254],"those":[66],"platforms":[67],"remain":[68],"a":[69,187,274,385],"kind":[70],"black":[72],"box":[73],"themselves":[76],"instructors":[80,101,208],"who":[81],"supposed":[83],"tutor":[85],"or":[86,417,429,444],"monitor":[87],"process.":[92,219,402],"Therefore,":[93],"learner":[94,193,214,398,442],"do":[95,158],"not":[96,159],"receive":[97],"sufficient":[98],"from":[100,103,239],"peers,":[105],"during":[106],"process":[109],"[2].":[110],"This":[111,220,403],"is":[112,309],"main":[115,326],"reasons":[116],"that":[117,172,438],"lead":[118],"high":[120],"dropout,":[121,153],"low":[122],"completion":[123,154],"success":[125],"rate":[126],"observed":[127,423],"MOOCs.":[130,472],"Many":[131],"research":[132,183,463],"work":[133],"have":[134],"suggested":[135],"descriptive,":[136],"predictive":[137,282],"prescriptive":[139],"models":[140,149,344],"address":[142],"this":[143,234],"issue,":[144],"but":[145],"most":[146],"these":[148],"focus":[150,224],"on":[151,225,351,368,464],"predicting":[152],"and/or":[155],"success,":[156],"generally":[160],"pay":[161],"enough":[162],"attention":[163],"key":[168],"step":[169],"(learner":[170,195],"behaviour),":[171],"comes":[173],"before,":[174],"can":[176],"explain":[177],"dropping":[178],"out":[179],"failure.":[181],"Our":[182],"aims":[184],"develop":[186,230],"deep":[188,298],"model":[190,283,358],"predict":[192,449],"interactions)":[196],"process,":[200],"order":[202],"equip":[204],"course":[207],"with":[209,359],"insight":[210],"understanding":[211],"specific":[221],"paper":[222],"will":[223],"analysing":[226],"relevant":[227],"algorithms":[228,287],"such":[231],"model.":[232],"For":[233],"analysis,":[235],"we":[236,258,279,319,355,383,439],"used":[237,371],"UNESCO-IICBA":[240],"(International":[241],"Institute":[242],"Capacity":[244],"Building":[245],"Africa)":[247],"platform,":[249],"designed":[250],"teacher":[252],"training":[253],"Africa,":[255],"then":[257],"examine":[259],"many":[260],"types":[261],"features:":[263],"geographical,":[264],"social":[265],"behavioural":[266,269],"features.":[270],"Learner\u2019s":[271],"being":[273],"time":[275],"series":[276,307],"Big":[277],"data,":[278],"built":[280],"using":[284,347],"Deep":[285],"Learning":[286],"better":[289],"performance":[290,365],"accuracy":[292,367],"(Thanks":[293],"power":[296],"learning)":[299],"compared":[300],"baseline":[302],"Machine":[303],"algorithms.":[305],"Time":[306],"handled":[311],"by":[312],"recurrent":[313],"neural":[314],"networks":[315],"(RNN)":[316],"[3],":[317],"so,":[318],"choose":[320],"RNN":[321,375],"implemented/tested":[323],"three":[325],"architectures":[327],"RNN:":[329],"Simple":[330],"RNNs,":[331],"GRU":[332],"(Gated":[333],"Recurrent":[334],"Unit)":[335],"RNNs":[336,361],"LSTM":[338],"(Long":[339],"short-term":[340],"memory)":[341],"RNNs.":[342],"The":[343],"were":[345],"trained":[346],"L2":[348],"Regularization,":[349],"based":[350],"predictions":[353],"results,":[354],"unexpectedly":[356],"found":[357],"simple":[360],"produced":[362],"dataset":[370],"than":[372],"other":[374,453],"architectures.":[376],"We":[377,421,436],"had":[378],"couple":[379],"observations,":[381],"example:":[382],"saw":[384],"correlation":[386],"between":[387],"video":[388,428,443,466],"viewing":[389,446],"quiz":[391,445,469],"participation":[395],"observation":[404],"could":[405,440],"allow":[406],"teachers":[407],"provide":[409],"meaningful":[410],"guidance":[413],"at":[415],"risk":[416],"less":[418],"active":[419],"students.":[420],"also":[422],"that,":[424],"shorter":[426],"quiz,":[431],"more":[433],"viewer.":[435],"conclude":[437],"use":[441],"his":[450],"concerning":[452],"contents.":[455],"These":[456],"results":[457],"suggest":[458],"need":[460],"deeper":[462],"educational":[465,468],"designing":[470]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}