{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2748374356","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jsyst.2017.2737993","title":"Trial Implementation of a Multihazard Risk Assessment Framework for High-Impact Low-Frequency Power Grid Events","display_name":"Trial Implementation of a Multihazard Risk Assessment Framework for High-Impact Low-Frequency Power Grid Events","publication_year":2017,"publication_date":"2017-08-25","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2748374356","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jsyst.2017.2737993","mag":"2748374356"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/jsyst.2017.2737993","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jsyst.2017.2737993","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S95999327","display_name":"IEEE Systems Journal","issn_l":"1932-8184","issn":["1932-8184","1937-9234","2373-7816"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Systems Journal","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://www.osti.gov/biblio/1420786","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5028632917","display_name":"Arun Veeramany","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3490-8426"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I142606810","display_name":"Pacific Northwest National Laboratory","ror":"https://ror.org/05h992307","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1325736334","https://openalex.org/I1330989302","https://openalex.org/I142606810","https://openalex.org/I39565521"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Arun Veeramany","raw_affiliation_strings":["Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3490-8426","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I142606810"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5108349598","display_name":"Garill A. Coles","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I142606810","display_name":"Pacific Northwest National Laboratory","ror":"https://ror.org/05h992307","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1325736334","https://openalex.org/I1330989302","https://openalex.org/I142606810","https://openalex.org/I39565521"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Garill A. Coles","raw_affiliation_strings":["Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I142606810"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5022246045","display_name":"Stephen D. Unwin","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I142606810","display_name":"Pacific Northwest National Laboratory","ror":"https://ror.org/05h992307","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1325736334","https://openalex.org/I1330989302","https://openalex.org/I142606810","https://openalex.org/I39565521"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Stephen D. Unwin","raw_affiliation_strings":["Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I142606810"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5036394844","display_name":"Tony Nguyen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0185-2347"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I142606810","display_name":"Pacific Northwest National Laboratory","ror":"https://ror.org/05h992307","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1325736334","https://openalex.org/I1330989302","https://openalex.org/I142606810","https://openalex.org/I39565521"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Tony B. Nguyen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I142606810"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5027176633","display_name":"Jeff Dagle","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0316-5455"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I142606810","display_name":"Pacific Northwest National Laboratory","ror":"https://ror.org/05h992307","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1325736334","https://openalex.org/I1330989302","https://openalex.org/I142606810","https://openalex.org/I39565521"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jeffery E. Dagle","raw_affiliation_strings":["Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I142606810"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5028632917"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I142606810"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.7401,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":14,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.84207912,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"12","issue":"4","first_page":"3807","last_page":"3815"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11807","display_name":"Infrastructure Resilience and Vulnerability Analysis","score":0.9927999973297119,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2205","display_name":"Civil and Structural Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11807","display_name":"Infrastructure Resilience and Vulnerability Analysis","score":0.9927999973297119,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2205","display_name":"Civil and Structural Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13018","display_name":"Seismology and Earthquake Studies","score":0.9337000250816345,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10110","display_name":"earthquake and tectonic studies","score":0.9276000261306763,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1908","display_name":"Geophysics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/19","display_name":"Earth and Planetary Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reliability-engineering","display_name":"Reliability engineering","score":0.623257040977478},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/risk-management","display_name":"Risk management","score":0.5743847489356995},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/benchmark","display_name":"Benchmark (surveying)","score":0.5736093521118164},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/grid","display_name":"Grid","score":0.5535651445388794},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5477674007415771},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/risk-assessment","display_name":"Risk assessment","score":0.5242702960968018},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reliability","display_name":"Reliability (semiconductor)","score":0.5068190693855286},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fragility","display_name":"Fragility","score":0.4899079203605652},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electric-power-system","display_name":"Electric power system","score":0.47629180550575256},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/risk-analysis","display_name":"Risk analysis (engineering)","score":0.43158841133117676},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.3091442883014679},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/power","display_name":"Power (physics)","score":0.2661983370780945},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security","display_name":"Computer security","score":0.15326663851737976},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/business","display_name":"Business","score":0.09515795111656189},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geography","display_name":"Geography","score":0.0889674723148346}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C200601418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2193887","display_name":"Reliability engineering","level":1,"score":0.623257040977478},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C32896092","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189447","display_name":"Risk management","level":2,"score":0.5743847489356995},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185798385","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1161707","display_name":"Benchmark (surveying)","level":2,"score":0.5736093521118164},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C187691185","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2020720","display_name":"Grid","level":2,"score":0.5535651445388794},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5477674007415771},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C12174686","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1058438","display_name":"Risk assessment","level":2,"score":0.5242702960968018},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C43214815","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7310987","display_name":"Reliability (semiconductor)","level":3,"score":0.5068190693855286},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C80191262","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5477668","display_name":"Fragility","level":2,"score":0.4899079203605652},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C89227174","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2388981","display_name":"Electric power system","level":3,"score":0.47629180550575256},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C112930515","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4389547","display_name":"Risk analysis (engineering)","level":1,"score":0.43158841133117676},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.3091442883014679},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163258240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25342","display_name":"Power (physics)","level":2,"score":0.2661983370780945},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.15326663851737976},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.09515795111656189},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.0889674723148346},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C13280743","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131089","display_name":"Geodesy","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C147789679","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11372","display_name":"Physical chemistry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C10138342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43015","display_name":"Finance","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/jsyst.2017.2737993","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jsyst.2017.2737993","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S95999327","display_name":"IEEE Systems Journal","issn_l":"1932-8184","issn":["1932-8184","1937-9234","2373-7816"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Systems Journal","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:osti.gov:1420786","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.osti.gov/biblio/1420786","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402487","display_name":"OSTI OAI (U.S. Department of Energy Office of Scientific and Technical Information)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I139351228","host_organization_name":"Office of Scientific and Technical Information","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I139351228"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":null},{"id":"pmh:oai:osti.gov:1438228","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.osti.gov/biblio/1438228","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402487","display_name":"OSTI OAI (U.S. Department of Energy Office of Scientific and Technical Information)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I139351228","host_organization_name":"Office of Scientific and Technical Information","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I139351228"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:osti.gov:1420786","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.osti.gov/biblio/1420786","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402487","display_name":"OSTI OAI (U.S. Department of Energy Office of Scientific and Technical Information)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I139351228","host_organization_name":"Office of Scientific and Technical Information","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I139351228"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":null},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Industry, innovation and infrastructure","score":0.6100000143051147,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/9"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":49,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W119428382","https://openalex.org/W144947839","https://openalex.org/W1502986308","https://openalex.org/W1541149564","https://openalex.org/W1550064664","https://openalex.org/W1582759661","https://openalex.org/W1677721987","https://openalex.org/W1842847600","https://openalex.org/W1926405987","https://openalex.org/W1945760464","https://openalex.org/W1971451802","https://openalex.org/W1973947365","https://openalex.org/W1976059036","https://openalex.org/W2006240128","https://openalex.org/W2007972759","https://openalex.org/W2025761485","https://openalex.org/W2048165228","https://openalex.org/W2070645909","https://openalex.org/W2076376395","https://openalex.org/W2079591656","https://openalex.org/W2081672609","https://openalex.org/W2087080795","https://openalex.org/W2097049373","https://openalex.org/W2099255123","https://openalex.org/W2113146118","https://openalex.org/W2116617591","https://openalex.org/W2125755323","https://openalex.org/W2160808904","https://openalex.org/W2163932252","https://openalex.org/W2188361049","https://openalex.org/W2198682925","https://openalex.org/W2268363860","https://openalex.org/W2276632370","https://openalex.org/W2279023279","https://openalex.org/W2294424762","https://openalex.org/W2302541268","https://openalex.org/W2321513135","https://openalex.org/W2328098182","https://openalex.org/W2332015887","https://openalex.org/W2342570717","https://openalex.org/W2517851748","https://openalex.org/W2981668611","https://openalex.org/W3027326053","https://openalex.org/W3145128584","https://openalex.org/W4246219036","https://openalex.org/W6630150422","https://openalex.org/W6637384898","https://openalex.org/W6674750180","https://openalex.org/W6694611708"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1991842351","https://openalex.org/W1983320489","https://openalex.org/W2078302367","https://openalex.org/W4287962160","https://openalex.org/W2140549538","https://openalex.org/W2016073586","https://openalex.org/W2502853840","https://openalex.org/W2378097750","https://openalex.org/W2030418939","https://openalex.org/W2886315178"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,80],"Pacific":[1],"Northwest":[2],"National":[3],"Laboratory":[4],"developed":[5],"a":[6,38,47,71,95],"risk":[7,75],"framework":[8,27,69],"for":[9,32],"modeling":[10],"high-impact,":[11],"low-frequency":[12],"power":[13,73],"grid":[14,74,97],"events":[15],"to":[16,52,93],"support":[17],"risk-informed":[18],"decisions.":[19],"In":[20],"this":[21],"paper,":[22],"we":[23],"briefly":[24],"recap":[25],"the":[26,65,68],"and":[28,34,60,77,86],"demonstrate":[29,64],"its":[30],"implementation":[31],"seismic":[33],"geomagnetic":[35],"hazards":[36],"using":[37],"benchmark":[39],"reliability":[40],"test":[41],"system.":[42],"We":[43,63],"describe":[44],"integration":[45],"of":[46,49,67],"collection":[48],"models":[50],"implemented":[51],"perform":[53],"hazard":[54],"analysis,":[55],"fragility":[56],"evaluation,":[57],"consequence":[58],"estimation,":[59],"postevent":[61],"restoration.":[62],"value":[66],"as":[70],"multihazard":[72],"assessment":[76],"management":[78],"tool.":[79],"research":[81],"will":[82],"benefit":[83],"transmission":[84],"planners":[85,88],"emergency":[87],"by":[89],"improving":[90],"their":[91],"ability":[92],"maintain":[94],"resilient":[96],"infrastructure":[98],"against":[99],"impacts":[100],"from":[101],"major":[102],"events.":[103]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}