{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7133208038","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jsac.2026.3669124","title":"Multi-User Covert ISAC Over Rician Fading","display_name":"Multi-User Covert ISAC Over Rician Fading","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7133208038","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jsac.2026.3669124"},"language":null,"primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/jsac.2026.3669124","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jsac.2026.3669124","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S90422530","display_name":"IEEE Journal on Selected Areas in Communications","issn_l":"0733-8716","issn":["0733-8716","1558-0008"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Journal on Selected Areas in Communications","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5111285307","display_name":"Yujie Wu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0001-0471-0822"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I27357992","display_name":"Dalian University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/023hj5876","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I27357992"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Yujie Wu","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Information and Communication Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Information and Communication Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I27357992"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5127847189","display_name":"Min Sheng","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I149594827","display_name":"Xidian University","ror":"https://ror.org/05s92vm98","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I149594827"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Min Sheng","raw_affiliation_strings":["State Key Laboratory of Integrated Service Networks, Institute of Information Science, Xidian University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Laboratory of Integrated Service Networks, Institute of Information Science, Xidian University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I149594827"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Xiaoqi Qin","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5788-0657"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I139759216","display_name":"Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications","ror":"https://ror.org/04w9fbh59","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I139759216"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xiaoqi Qin","raw_affiliation_strings":["State Key Laboratory of Networking and Switching Technology, Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Beijing, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Laboratory of Networking and Switching Technology, Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I139759216"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5050556544","display_name":"Junsheng Mu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5352-8314"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I139759216","display_name":"Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications","ror":"https://ror.org/04w9fbh59","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I139759216"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Junsheng Mu","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Information and Communication Engineering, Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Beijing, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Information and Communication Engineering, Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I139759216"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Junyu Liu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7667-6451"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I149594827","display_name":"Xidian University","ror":"https://ror.org/05s92vm98","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I149594827"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Junyu Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["State Key Laboratory of Integrated Service Networks, Institute of Information Science, Xidian University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Laboratory of Integrated Service Networks, Institute of Information Science, Xidian University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I149594827"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5008383657","display_name":"Chengwen Xing","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4941-3503"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I125839683","display_name":"Beijing Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01skt4w74","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I125839683","https://openalex.org/I890469752"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chengwen Xing","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Information and Electronics, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Information and Electronics, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I125839683"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100656619","display_name":"Nan Zhao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6497-7799"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I27357992","display_name":"Dalian University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/023hj5876","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I27357992"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Nan Zhao","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Information and Communication Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Information and Communication Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I27357992"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":7,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5111285307"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I27357992"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.5089594,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"44","issue":null,"first_page":"3634","last_page":"3647"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10237","display_name":"Cryptography and Data Security","score":0.7781000137329102,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10237","display_name":"Cryptography and Data Security","score":0.7781000137329102,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10951","display_name":"Cryptographic Implementations and Security","score":0.060100000351667404,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10720","display_name":"Complexity and Algorithms in Graphs","score":0.024700000882148743,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1703","display_name":"Computational Theory and Mathematics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/rician-fading","display_name":"Rician fading","score":0.8230999708175659},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/covert","display_name":"Covert","score":0.6079000234603882},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/aloha","display_name":"Aloha","score":0.4490000009536743},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/convex-optimization","display_name":"Convex optimization","score":0.42399999499320984},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fading","display_name":"Fading","score":0.41179999709129333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transmission","display_name":"Transmission (telecommunications)","score":0.38920000195503235},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transmitter","display_name":"Transmitter","score":0.3864000141620636},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transmitter-power-output","display_name":"Transmitter power output","score":0.3815999925136566},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/matching","display_name":"Matching (statistics)","score":0.35899999737739563}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8680999875068665},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C60472773","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7331156","display_name":"Rician fading","level":4,"score":0.8230999708175659},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779338814","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5179285","display_name":"Covert","level":2,"score":0.6079000234603882},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776398200","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q508880","display_name":"Aloha","level":4,"score":0.4490000009536743},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C157972887","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q463359","display_name":"Convex optimization","level":3,"score":0.42399999499320984},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81978471","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1196572","display_name":"Fading","level":3,"score":0.41179999709129333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C761482","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q118093","display_name":"Transmission (telecommunications)","level":2,"score":0.38920000195503235},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C47798520","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190157","display_name":"Transmitter","level":3,"score":0.3864000141620636},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.38190001249313354},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C65422117","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q358527","display_name":"Transmitter power output","level":4,"score":0.3815999925136566},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165064840","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1321061","display_name":"Matching (statistics)","level":2,"score":0.35899999737739563},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C157764524","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1383412","display_name":"Throughput","level":3,"score":0.3513000011444092},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77618280","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1155772","display_name":"Scheme (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.34850001335144043},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780909371","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4801092","display_name":"Artificial noise","level":4,"score":0.3361999988555908},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C137836250","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q984063","display_name":"Optimization problem","level":2,"score":0.3181000053882599},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C56985126","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q854039","display_name":"Rayleigh fading","level":4,"score":0.31130000948905945},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.30149999260902405},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120314980","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180634","display_name":"Distributed computing","level":1,"score":0.296099990606308},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126255220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141495","display_name":"Mathematical optimization","level":1,"score":0.29510000348091125},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C80444323","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2878974","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","level":1,"score":0.2924000024795532},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105344744","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q958957","display_name":"Spread spectrum","level":3,"score":0.28290000557899475},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C555944384","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q249","display_name":"Wireless","level":2,"score":0.27900001406669617},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776029896","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3935810","display_name":"Relaxation (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.2777000069618225},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C13944312","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7512748","display_name":"Signal-to-noise ratio (imaging)","level":2,"score":0.2685000002384186},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C113775141","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q428691","display_name":"Computer engineering","level":1,"score":0.26460000872612},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199510392","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1184602","display_name":"Stackelberg competition","level":2,"score":0.2563000023365021},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163258240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25342","display_name":"Power (physics)","level":2,"score":0.2547999918460846},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C45374587","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12525525","display_name":"Computation","level":2,"score":0.2531000077724457}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/jsac.2026.3669124","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jsac.2026.3669124","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S90422530","display_name":"IEEE Journal on Selected Areas in Communications","issn_l":"0733-8716","issn":["0733-8716","1558-0008"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Journal on Selected Areas in Communications","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4718972896","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"U23A20271","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Integrated":[0],"sensing":[1],"and":[2,23,29,46,112,153,163,176,208],"communication":[3,22,41],"(ISAC)":[4],"emerges":[5],"as":[6],"an":[7,48],"advanced":[8],"technology":[9],"to":[10,106,125,169,183],"improve":[11],"the":[12,17,26,30,34,73,83,93,103,108,127,131,142,150,185,191,194,202],"spectrum":[13,19,32],"efficiency":[14],"by":[15,115],"sharing":[16],"same":[18],"for":[20,52,134],"both":[21],"sensing.":[24],"However,":[25],"open":[27],"nature":[28],"shared":[31],"make":[33],"privacy":[35,50],"a":[36,59,69,173,177],"critical":[37],"issue.":[38],"Fortunately,":[39],"covert":[40,62,144,197],"can":[42],"tackle":[43],"this":[44,55,138,157],"issue":[45],"provide":[47],"additional":[49],"protection":[51],"ISAC.":[53],"In":[54],"paper,":[56],"we":[57,91,101,119,140],"propose":[58],"novel":[60],"multi-user":[61,196],"ISAC":[63,198],"scheme":[64,199],"against":[65],"collusive":[66,98],"wardens.":[67],"Specifically,":[68],"dual-functional":[70],"transmitter":[71],"senses":[72],"wardens":[74],"while":[75,200],"communicating":[76],"with":[77],"multiple":[78],"legitimate":[79,135],"users":[80],"covertly,":[81],"where":[82,100],"more":[84],"practical":[85],"Rician":[86,116],"fading":[87],"is":[88,181],"considered.":[89],"First,":[90],"analyze":[92],"global":[94],"detection":[95,123],"performance":[96],"of":[97,193],"wardens,":[99],"employ":[102],"moment":[104],"matching":[105],"handle":[107],"intractable":[109],"theoretical":[110],"analysis":[111],"computation":[113],"introduced":[114],"fading.":[117],"Then,":[118],"optimize":[120],"each":[121],"warden\u2019s":[122],"threshold":[124],"achieve":[126],"greatest":[128],"detection,":[129],"creating":[130],"worst":[132],"scenario":[133],"communication.":[136,209],"Under":[137],"threat,":[139],"maximize":[141],"average":[143],"transmission":[145],"rate":[146],"through":[147],"jointly":[148],"optimizing":[149],"power":[151],"allocation":[152],"beamforming.":[154],"To":[155],"solve":[156],"non-convex":[158],"optimization":[159],"problem,":[160,175],"semidefinite":[161],"relaxation":[162],"successive":[164],"convex":[165,174],"approximation":[166],"are":[167],"adopted":[168],"transform":[170],"it":[171],"into":[172],"convergence-guaranteed":[178],"iteration":[179],"algorithm":[180],"developed":[182],"obtain":[184],"optimal":[186],"solutions.":[187],"Simulation":[188],"results":[189],"show":[190],"superiority":[192],"proposed":[195],"revealing":[201],"inherent":[203],"trade-off":[204],"among":[205],"covertness,":[206],"sensing,":[207]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-04-09T08:11:56.329763","created_date":"2026-03-03T00:00:00"}