{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7117486422","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jsac.2025.3648957","title":"Diversity Alignment: A New Framework for Simultaneously Optimal Polar Coding Over AWGN and Block-Fading Channels","display_name":"Diversity Alignment: A New Framework for Simultaneously Optimal Polar Coding Over AWGN and Block-Fading Channels","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-12-29","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7117486422","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jsac.2025.3648957"},"language":null,"primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/jsac.2025.3648957","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jsac.2025.3648957","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S90422530","display_name":"IEEE Journal on Selected Areas in Communications","issn_l":"0733-8716","issn":["0733-8716","1558-0008"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Journal on Selected Areas in Communications","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5015228409","display_name":"Hyosang Ju","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7808-086X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I848706","display_name":"Sungkyunkwan University","ror":"https://ror.org/04q78tk20","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I848706"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Hyosang Ju","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon-si, Suwon, South Korea"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon-si, Suwon, South Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I848706"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5102960907","display_name":"Jisang Park","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I848706","display_name":"Sungkyunkwan University","ror":"https://ror.org/04q78tk20","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I848706"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jisang Park","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon-si, Suwon, South Korea"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon-si, Suwon, South Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I848706"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Min Jang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8767-833X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2250650973","display_name":"Samsung (South Korea)","ror":"https://ror.org/04w3jy968","country_code":"KR","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2250650973"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Min Jang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Samsung Research, Samsung Electronics, Seocho, South Korea"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Samsung Research, Samsung Electronics, Seocho, South Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2250650973"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5107519951","display_name":"Donghun Lee","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2250650973","display_name":"Samsung (South Korea)","ror":"https://ror.org/04w3jy968","country_code":"KR","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2250650973"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Donghun Lee","raw_affiliation_strings":["Samsung Research, Samsung Electronics, Seocho, South Korea"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Samsung Research, Samsung Electronics, Seocho, South Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2250650973"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5121516420","display_name":"Charlie Zhang","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210101778","display_name":"Samsung (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/01bfbvm65","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2250650973","https://openalex.org/I4210101778"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jianzhong Charlie Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Samsung Research America, Plano, TX, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Samsung Research America, Plano, TX, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210101778"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5111592110","display_name":"Sang-Hyo KIM","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I848706","display_name":"Sungkyunkwan University","ror":"https://ror.org/04q78tk20","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I848706"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sang-Hyo Kim","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon-si, Suwon, South Korea"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon-si, Suwon, South Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I848706"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":6,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5015228409"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I848706"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.6559626,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"44","issue":null,"first_page":"3120","last_page":"3136"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11321","display_name":"Error Correcting Code Techniques","score":0.9697999954223633,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11321","display_name":"Error Correcting Code Techniques","score":0.9697999954223633,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11873","display_name":"PAPR reduction in OFDM","score":0.01590000092983246,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10125","display_name":"Advanced Wireless Communication Techniques","score":0.004600000102072954,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fading","display_name":"Fading","score":0.8414000272750854},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/additive-white-gaussian-noise","display_name":"Additive white Gaussian noise","score":0.6825000047683716},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/decoding-methods","display_name":"Decoding methods","score":0.6247000098228455},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/diversity-scheme","display_name":"Diversity scheme","score":0.5311999917030334},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/coding","display_name":"Coding (social sciences)","score":0.4641000032424927},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/block","display_name":"Block (permutation group theory)","score":0.4537000060081482},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/diversity-combining","display_name":"Diversity combining","score":0.4458000063896179},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cooperative-diversity","display_name":"Cooperative diversity","score":0.43380001187324524},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/code-word","display_name":"Code word","score":0.41100001335144043}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81978471","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1196572","display_name":"Fading","level":3,"score":0.8414000272750854},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7088000178337097},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169334058","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q353292","display_name":"Additive white Gaussian noise","level":3,"score":0.6825000047683716},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C57273362","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q576722","display_name":"Decoding methods","level":2,"score":0.6247000098228455},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.6187000274658203},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C198746922","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1230593","display_name":"Diversity scheme","level":4,"score":0.5311999917030334},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C179518139","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5140297","display_name":"Coding (social sciences)","level":2,"score":0.4641000032424927},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777210771","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4927124","display_name":"Block (permutation group theory)","level":2,"score":0.4537000060081482},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136817519","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q947493","display_name":"Diversity combining","level":4,"score":0.4458000063896179},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C6832461","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5167914","display_name":"Cooperative diversity","level":4,"score":0.43380001187324524},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153207627","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q863873","display_name":"Code word","level":3,"score":0.41100001335144043},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C60069766","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q357054","display_name":"Antenna diversity","level":3,"score":0.4074000120162964},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C80444323","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2878974","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","level":1,"score":0.40619999170303345},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C157125643","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q884707","display_name":"Block code","level":3,"score":0.3840000033378601},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C164785522","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5283966","display_name":"Diversity gain","level":4,"score":0.3686000108718872},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163716315","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q901177","display_name":"Gaussian","level":2,"score":0.35830000042915344},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76862118","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1105671","display_name":"Coding gain","level":3,"score":0.32850000262260437},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127162648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16858953","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","level":2,"score":0.3237000107765198},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C166366890","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q602136","display_name":"Channel code","level":3,"score":0.30970001220703125},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C125411270","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q18653","display_name":"Encoding (memory)","level":2,"score":0.3070000112056732},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C29705727","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q294562","display_name":"Polar","level":2,"score":0.3059000074863434},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C13944312","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7512748","display_name":"Signal-to-noise ratio (imaging)","level":2,"score":0.3034999966621399},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C101765175","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q577764","display_name":"Communications system","level":2,"score":0.26179999113082886},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.2615000009536743},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C97744766","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q870845","display_name":"Channel capacity","level":3,"score":0.2614000141620636}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/jsac.2025.3648957","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jsac.2025.3648957","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S90422530","display_name":"IEEE Journal on Selected Areas in Communications","issn_l":"0733-8716","issn":["0733-8716","1558-0008"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Journal on Selected Areas in Communications","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G158381540","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"RS-2024-00398449","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322120","funder_display_name":"National Research Foundation of Korea"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322120","display_name":"National Research Foundation of Korea","ror":"https://ror.org/013aysd81"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332195","display_name":"Samsung","ror":"https://ror.org/04w3jy968"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":37,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1975944670","https://openalex.org/W1981526911","https://openalex.org/W1981735015","https://openalex.org/W1988656886","https://openalex.org/W2009145605","https://openalex.org/W2027593546","https://openalex.org/W2033234285","https://openalex.org/W2041863035","https://openalex.org/W2071547866","https://openalex.org/W2101067964","https://openalex.org/W2106045225","https://openalex.org/W2112733919","https://openalex.org/W2145018027","https://openalex.org/W2145712176","https://openalex.org/W2150498905","https://openalex.org/W2155657434","https://openalex.org/W2166099870","https://openalex.org/W2284321898","https://openalex.org/W2339155381","https://openalex.org/W2443928811","https://openalex.org/W2514963767","https://openalex.org/W2608866305","https://openalex.org/W2610757353","https://openalex.org/W2765264221","https://openalex.org/W2904729968","https://openalex.org/W2963275464","https://openalex.org/W2964128277","https://openalex.org/W2999759127","https://openalex.org/W3013828072","https://openalex.org/W3046202172","https://openalex.org/W3207775436","https://openalex.org/W4226471095","https://openalex.org/W4315777507","https://openalex.org/W4401717945","https://openalex.org/W4406356851","https://openalex.org/W4406610466","https://openalex.org/W4411232322"],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"We":[0,49,161],"propose":[1,76],"a":[2,52,77,123,205],"polar":[3],"coding":[4,106,141],"scheme":[5,132,189],"for":[6,70,82,95,122],"block":[7,47,80,194],"fading":[8,46,88,195],"channels,":[9],"aiming":[10],"to":[11,45,136],"achieve":[12,137,167],"maximum":[13,36],"diversity":[14,37,54,105,173,183],"while":[15,197],"maintaining":[16],"the":[17,186,210],"performance":[18],"under":[19,61,193],"additive":[20],"white":[21],"Gaussian":[22],"noise":[23],"channels":[24,196],"(AWGNC).":[25],"The":[26,201],"key":[27],"idea":[28],"is":[29,218,224],"<italic":[30,83,97,111,115,127,148],"xmlns:mml=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\"":[31,84,98,108,112,116,120,128,143,149,153,155],"xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\">diversity":[32],"alignment</i>,":[33],"which":[34,66],"aligns":[35],"with":[38,157],"information":[39],"bits":[40],"through":[41],"proper":[42],"codeword":[43],"bit":[44],"mapping.":[48,73],"first":[50],"develop":[51,91],"low-complexity":[53],"analysis":[55,184],"tool":[56],"based":[57],"on":[58],"Boolean":[59],"approximation":[60],"genie-aided":[62],"successive":[63],"cancellation":[64],"decoding":[65],"can":[67,133,166,203],"be":[68,134],"used":[69],"arbitrary":[71],"bit-to-block":[72],"Second,":[74],"we":[75],"tractable":[78],"optimal":[79,103,138,172],"mapping":[81],"xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\">M</i>":[85,99,113],"=":[86,110,118,145,151],"2":[87,146],"blocks":[89],"and":[90,170,185],"fast":[92],"search":[93],"algorithms":[94],"general":[96],"\u2265":[100],"2,":[101],"achieving":[102],"low-rate":[104,169],"(<italic":[107,142,152],"xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\">d<sub>c</sub></i>":[109,144],"at":[114,147],"xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\">R</i>":[117,150],"1/<italic":[119],"xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\">M</i>)":[121,156],"wide":[124],"range":[125],"of":[126],"xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\">M</i>.":[129],"Moreover,":[130],"our":[131,179],"applied":[135],"high-rate":[139,171],"diversity-2":[140],"xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\">M</i>\u22121)/<italic":[154],"good":[158],"AWGNC":[159,199],"codes.":[160],"show":[162],"that":[163,178],"appropriate":[164],"block-mapping":[165],"both":[168],"simultaneously.":[174],"Numerical":[175],"results":[176],"demonstrate":[177],"framework":[180],"provides":[181],"accurate":[182],"proposed":[187,202],"DA":[188],"outperforms":[190],"conventional":[191],"interleavers":[192],"preserving":[198],"performance.":[200],"play":[204],"crucial":[206],"role":[207],"in":[208,213],"supporting":[209],"URLLC":[211],"communication":[212],"future":[214],"systems,":[215],"where":[216],"channel":[217],"quickly":[219],"changing":[220],"but":[221],"high":[222],"reliability":[223],"required.":[225]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-04-09T08:11:56.329763","created_date":"2025-12-29T00:00:00"}