{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4285813864","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/iwcmc55113.2022.9825080","title":"A Column Generation Algorithm for Dedicated-Protection O-RAN VNF Deployment","display_name":"A Column Generation Algorithm for Dedicated-Protection O-RAN VNF Deployment","publication_year":2022,"publication_date":"2022-05-30","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4285813864","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/iwcmc55113.2022.9825080"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/iwcmc55113.2022.9825080","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/iwcmc55113.2022.9825080","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4363605313","display_name":"2022 International Wireless Communications and Mobile Computing (IWCMC)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"conference"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2022 International Wireless Communications and Mobile Computing (IWCMC)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Quang Huy Duong","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210111842","display_name":"Computer Research Institute of Montr\u00e9al","ror":"https://ror.org/0279d5115","country_code":"CA","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210111842"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Quang Huy Duong","raw_affiliation_strings":["Computer Research Institute of Montreal,Montreal,QC,Canada","Computer Research Institute of Montreal, Montreal, QC, Canada"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Computer Research Institute of Montreal,Montreal,QC,Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210111842"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Computer Research Institute of Montreal, Montreal, QC, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210111842"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5042668454","display_name":"Ibrahim Tamim","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7749-7543"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I125749732","display_name":"Western University","ror":"https://ror.org/02grkyz14","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I125749732"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ibrahim Tamim","raw_affiliation_strings":["Western University,ECE Department,,London,ON,Canada","ECE Department,, Western University, London, ON, Canada"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Western University,ECE Department,,London,ON,Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I125749732"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"ECE Department,, Western University, London, ON, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I125749732"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5048080334","display_name":"Brigitte Jaumard","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3443-4918"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I60158472","display_name":"Concordia University","ror":"https://ror.org/0420zvk78","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I60158472"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Brigitte Jaumard","raw_affiliation_strings":["Concordia University,Montreal,QC,Canada","Concordia University, Montreal, QC, Canada"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Concordia University,Montreal,QC,Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I60158472"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Concordia University, Montreal, QC, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I60158472"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5041270670","display_name":"Abdallah Shami","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2887-0350"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I125749732","display_name":"Western University","ror":"https://ror.org/02grkyz14","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I125749732"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Abdallah Shami","raw_affiliation_strings":["Western University,ECE Department,,London,ON,Canada","ECE Department,, Western University, London, ON, Canada"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Western University,ECE Department,,London,ON,Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I125749732"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"ECE Department,, Western University, London, ON, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I125749732"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210111842"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":2.7894,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":14,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.92600277,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1206","last_page":"1211"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10714","display_name":"Software-Defined Networks and 5G","score":0.9991999864578247,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10714","display_name":"Software-Defined Networks and 5G","score":0.9991999864578247,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12791","display_name":"Full-Duplex Wireless Communications","score":0.9991000294685364,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11392","display_name":"Energy Harvesting in Wireless Networks","score":0.9959999918937683,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7948876619338989},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/virtualization","display_name":"Virtualization","score":0.69383305311203},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/c-ran","display_name":"C-RAN","score":0.6460433602333069},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/radio-access-network","display_name":"Radio access network","score":0.554735004901886},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/network-virtualization","display_name":"Network virtualization","score":0.55260169506073},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/distributed-computing","display_name":"Distributed computing","score":0.5390834808349609},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/scalability","display_name":"Scalability","score":0.5371006727218628},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/virtual-network","display_name":"Virtual network","score":0.5095973014831543},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cloud-computing","display_name":"Cloud computing","score":0.5093199014663696},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software-deployment","display_name":"Software deployment","score":0.4426743984222412},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.4204733967781067},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/operating-system","display_name":"Operating system","score":0.2888320982456207},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/base-station","display_name":"Base station","score":0.12189507484436035}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7948876619338989},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C513985346","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q270471","display_name":"Virtualization","level":3,"score":0.69383305311203},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779765720","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5005908","display_name":"C-RAN","level":5,"score":0.6460433602333069},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C106365562","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3078360","display_name":"Radio access network","level":4,"score":0.554735004901886},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779898492","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4112081","display_name":"Network virtualization","level":4,"score":0.55260169506073},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120314980","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180634","display_name":"Distributed computing","level":1,"score":0.5390834808349609},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C48044578","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q727490","display_name":"Scalability","level":2,"score":0.5371006727218628},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776874963","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4112081","display_name":"Virtual network","level":2,"score":0.5095973014831543},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79974875","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q483639","display_name":"Cloud computing","level":2,"score":0.5093199014663696},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105339364","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2297740","display_name":"Software deployment","level":2,"score":0.4426743984222412},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.4204733967781067},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.2888320982456207},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C68649174","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1379116","display_name":"Base station","level":2,"score":0.12189507484436035},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C207029474","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q384018","display_name":"Mobile station","level":3,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/iwcmc55113.2022.9825080","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/iwcmc55113.2022.9825080","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4363605313","display_name":"2022 International Wireless Communications and Mobile Computing (IWCMC)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"conference"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2022 International Wireless Communications and Mobile Computing (IWCMC)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/9","display_name":"Industry, innovation and infrastructure","score":0.44999998807907104}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":11,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2763322471","https://openalex.org/W2885253071","https://openalex.org/W2890094259","https://openalex.org/W2911434436","https://openalex.org/W2920699278","https://openalex.org/W3037678800","https://openalex.org/W3119483972","https://openalex.org/W3207047766","https://openalex.org/W4226135608","https://openalex.org/W6781322890","https://openalex.org/W6913003223"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2592537445","https://openalex.org/W2117039245","https://openalex.org/W2497039592","https://openalex.org/W4287262510","https://openalex.org/W2436923341","https://openalex.org/W3138350675","https://openalex.org/W2461440407","https://openalex.org/W2064969374","https://openalex.org/W2317094215","https://openalex.org/W2902173727"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,129,150],"Open":[1],"Radio":[2],"Access":[3],"Network":[4],"(O-RAN)":[5],"architecture":[6],"brings":[7],"openness,":[8],"intelligence,":[9],"and":[10,21,25,41,75,79,85,103,146],"virtualization":[11,58],"to":[12,63,92,100],"RANs,":[13],"allowing":[14],"multi-vendor":[15],"existence,":[16],"achieving":[17],"economics":[18],"of":[19,73,117,196],"scale,":[20],"enabling":[22,70],"intelligent":[23],"management":[24],"orchestration.":[26],"O-RAN":[27,37,42,65],"components":[28],"such":[29],"as":[30,49,94],"near":[31],"real-time":[32],"RAN":[33],"Intelligent":[34],"Controllers":[35],"(RICs),":[36],"Central":[38],"Units":[39],"(O-CUs),":[40],"Distributed":[43],"Unit":[44],"(O-DUs)":[45],"can":[46,175],"be":[47],"considered":[48],"virtual":[50,124],"network":[51,60,96,125],"functions":[52,66],"hosted":[53],"on":[54],"the":[55,95,115,133,173,193,197],"O-Cloud.":[56],"This":[57],"allows":[59],"service":[61],"providers":[62],"disaggregate":[64],"from":[67],"their":[68,77,147],"hard-ware,":[69],"dynamic":[71],"instantiation":[72],"services":[74],"reducing":[76],"capital":[78],"operating":[80],"costs.":[81],"However,":[82],"with":[83,179],"openness":[84],"virtualization,":[86],"availability":[87,136],"guarantees":[88],"become":[89],"more":[90],"difficult":[91],"maintain":[93],"is":[97,152],"now":[98],"prone":[99],"both":[101],"software":[102],"hardware":[104],"failures.":[105],"In":[106],"this":[107,201],"paper,":[108],"we":[109],"investigate":[110],"a":[111,122,139,155,161],"decomposition":[112],"model":[113,131,151],"for":[114,142,164,200],"design":[116],"reliable":[118],"0-RAN":[119,144,166],"deployment":[120],"under":[121],"dedicated":[123],"function":[126],"(VNF)-protection":[127],"scheme.":[128],"proposed":[130],"maximizes":[132],"network's":[134],"yearly":[135],"by":[137,154],"providing":[138],"placement":[140],"decision":[141],"all":[143],"VNFs":[145],"backup":[148],"instances.":[149],"solved":[153],"column":[156],"generation":[157],"algorithm":[158,163,174],"making":[159],"it":[160],"scalable":[162],"large-scale":[165],"deployments.":[167],"Extensive":[168],"computational":[169,187],"results":[170,190],"show":[171],"that":[172],"produce":[176],"\u03b5-optimal":[177],"solutions":[178,195],"negligible":[180],"\u03b5":[181],"(less":[182],"than":[183],"0.1%)":[184],"in":[185],"reasonable":[186],"times.":[188],"These":[189],"significantly":[191],"enlarge":[192],"exact":[194],"state-of-the-art":[198],"algorithms":[199],"problem.":[202]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-04-23T09:07:50.710637","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}