{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3045869654","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/iwcmc48107.2020.9148366","title":"SmartFlow: An Adaptive Congestion Avoidance Protocol for Smart Transportation Systems","display_name":"SmartFlow: An Adaptive Congestion Avoidance Protocol for Smart Transportation Systems","publication_year":2020,"publication_date":"2020-06-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3045869654","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/iwcmc48107.2020.9148366","mag":"3045869654"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/iwcmc48107.2020.9148366","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/iwcmc48107.2020.9148366","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2020 International Wireless Communications and Mobile Computing (IWCMC)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5018592446","display_name":"Zahid Khan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4710-4010"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I142024983","display_name":"Prince Sultan University","ror":"https://ror.org/053mqrf26","country_code":"SA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I142024983"]}],"countries":["SA"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Zahid Khan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Prince Sultan University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Prince Sultan University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I142024983"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5024626195","display_name":"Anis Koub\u00e2a","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3787-7423"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I142024983","display_name":"Prince Sultan University","ror":"https://ror.org/053mqrf26","country_code":"SA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I142024983"]}],"countries":["SA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Anis Koubaa","raw_affiliation_strings":["Prince Sultan University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Prince Sultan University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I142024983"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5018592446"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I142024983"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.518,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":8,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.64877679,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1535","last_page":"1540"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10761","display_name":"Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks (VANETs)","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10761","display_name":"Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks (VANETs)","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10524","display_name":"Traffic control and management","score":0.9986000061035156,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11344","display_name":"Traffic Prediction and Management Techniques","score":0.9980999827384949,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2215","display_name":"Building and Construction"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7109047174453735},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/collision-avoidance","display_name":"Collision avoidance","score":0.6316937208175659},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.5758528709411621},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/traffic-congestion","display_name":"Traffic congestion","score":0.5572543144226074},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/traffic-congestion-reconstruction-with-kerners-three-phase-theory","display_name":"Traffic congestion reconstruction with Kerner's three-phase theory","score":0.5559278130531311},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/intelligent-transportation-system","display_name":"Intelligent transportation system","score":0.5259022116661072},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/protocol","display_name":"Protocol (science)","score":0.5170667767524719},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wireless-ad-hoc-network","display_name":"Wireless ad hoc network","score":0.48367437720298767},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/real-time-computing","display_name":"Real-time computing","score":0.4743993282318115},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/floating-car-data","display_name":"Floating car data","score":0.4362871050834656},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/collision","display_name":"Collision","score":0.2726098299026489},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.17165637016296387},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wireless","display_name":"Wireless","score":0.16146129369735718},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security","display_name":"Computer security","score":0.14474982023239136},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transport-engineering","display_name":"Transport engineering","score":0.13587331771850586},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.13363346457481384}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7109047174453735},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780864053","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5147495","display_name":"Collision avoidance","level":3,"score":0.6316937208175659},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.5758528709411621},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779888511","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q244156","display_name":"Traffic congestion","level":2,"score":0.5572543144226074},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C25492975","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q960570","display_name":"Traffic congestion reconstruction with Kerner's three-phase theory","level":3,"score":0.5559278130531311},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C47796450","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q508378","display_name":"Intelligent transportation system","level":2,"score":0.5259022116661072},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780385302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q367158","display_name":"Protocol (science)","level":3,"score":0.5170667767524719},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94523657","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4085781","display_name":"Wireless ad hoc network","level":3,"score":0.48367437720298767},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79403827","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3988","display_name":"Real-time computing","level":1,"score":0.4743993282318115},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C64093975","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q356677","display_name":"Floating car data","level":3,"score":0.4362871050834656},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121704057","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q352070","display_name":"Collision","level":2,"score":0.2726098299026489},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.17165637016296387},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C555944384","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q249","display_name":"Wireless","level":2,"score":0.16146129369735718},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.14474982023239136},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C22212356","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q775325","display_name":"Transport engineering","level":1,"score":0.13587331771850586},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.13363346457481384},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204787440","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188504","display_name":"Alternative medicine","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142724271","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7208","display_name":"Pathology","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/iwcmc48107.2020.9148366","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/iwcmc48107.2020.9148366","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2020 International Wireless Communications and Mobile Computing (IWCMC)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.6299999952316284,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/9","display_name":"Industry, innovation and infrastructure"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":23,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W24067677","https://openalex.org/W2124356437","https://openalex.org/W2244604713","https://openalex.org/W2483336821","https://openalex.org/W2592830952","https://openalex.org/W2611699989","https://openalex.org/W2613311451","https://openalex.org/W2646049796","https://openalex.org/W2766996256","https://openalex.org/W2784255338","https://openalex.org/W2788472237","https://openalex.org/W2802593279","https://openalex.org/W2809742103","https://openalex.org/W2889984781","https://openalex.org/W2901729562","https://openalex.org/W2904849035","https://openalex.org/W2910780662","https://openalex.org/W2913495226","https://openalex.org/W2913889054","https://openalex.org/W2915397254","https://openalex.org/W2943660163","https://openalex.org/W6600981286","https://openalex.org/W7006509299"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2972320057","https://openalex.org/W4386289889","https://openalex.org/W3117279048","https://openalex.org/W2945875309","https://openalex.org/W2898775471","https://openalex.org/W4391811515","https://openalex.org/W4389949262","https://openalex.org/W2565115916","https://openalex.org/W1669406372","https://openalex.org/W2973192971"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Traffic":[0],"congestion,":[1],"collision,":[2],"and":[3,32,38,59,137,166],"long":[4,92,124],"delays":[5,94,125],"on":[6,62,95,126,169],"traffic":[7,57,63,77,96,127,135,159,171],"signals":[8],"are":[9,179],"prominent":[10],"issues":[11],"in":[12,20,35,86,116,156],"today's":[13],"transportation":[14],"system.":[15],"Several":[16],"solutions":[17,155],"were":[18],"proposed":[19,100],"the":[21,29,36,51,76,84,104,118,134,153,170,175,186,192],"literature;":[22],"however,":[23],"most":[24],"of":[25,158,188],"them":[26],"suffer":[27],"from":[28,141,174],"broadcast":[30],"storm":[31],"network":[33],"disconnection":[34],"dense":[37],"sparse":[39],"topology,":[40],"respectively.":[41],"In":[42],"this":[43],"paper,":[44],"we":[45],"propose":[46],"a":[47],"new":[48],"solution":[49],"to":[50,74,82,90,191],"problems":[52],"above,":[53],"namely":[54],"SmartFlow":[55,101,131,149],"for":[56,163,185],"monitoring":[58],"delay":[60,167],"avoidance":[61,168],"signal":[64,139],"using":[65],"vehicular":[66],"ad-hoc":[67],"networks":[68],"(VANETs).":[69],"The":[70,99,130],"main":[71],"contribution":[72],"is":[73],"monitor":[75],"congestion":[78],"as":[79,81],"well":[80],"assess":[83],"driver":[85],"speed":[87,161,189],"selection,":[88],"aiming":[89],"avoid":[91],"waiting":[93],"light":[97,128],"signals.":[98,129],"protocol":[102,132],"improves":[103],"state-of-the-art":[105],"by":[106],"considering":[107],"vehicle-to-infrastructure":[108],"(V2I)":[109],"communication":[110],"that":[111,148,181],"does":[112],"not":[113],"only":[114],"help":[115],"solving":[117],"above":[119],"problems,":[120],"but":[121],"also":[122],"preventing":[123],"estimates":[133],"states":[136],"inter-traffic":[138],"distance":[140],"frequent":[142],"beacon":[143],"messages.":[144],"Simulation":[145],"results":[146],"demonstrate":[147],"significantly":[150],"outperforms":[151],"than":[152],"previous":[154],"terms":[157],"monitoring,":[160],"recommendation":[162],"inter-vehicle":[164],"safety,":[165],"signal.":[172],"Moreover,":[173],"result,":[176],"empirical":[177],"equations":[178],"derived":[180],"can":[182],"be":[183],"used":[184],"prediction":[187],"recommendations":[190],"drivers.":[193]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-03-09T08:58:05.943551","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}