{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3045526158","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/iwcmc48107.2020.9148120","title":"An Adaptive Carrier and Symbol Synchronization Approach for QPSK Signal","display_name":"An Adaptive Carrier and Symbol Synchronization Approach for QPSK Signal","publication_year":2020,"publication_date":"2020-06-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3045526158","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/iwcmc48107.2020.9148120","mag":"3045526158"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/iwcmc48107.2020.9148120","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/iwcmc48107.2020.9148120","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2020 International Wireless Communications and Mobile Computing (IWCMC)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101767239","display_name":"Zhiming Yang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8614-722X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I204983213","display_name":"Harbin Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01yqg2h08","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I204983213"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Zhiming Yang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electronics and Information Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electronics and Information Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I204983213"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5045337635","display_name":"Xin Ji","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2505-6986"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I204983213","display_name":"Harbin Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01yqg2h08","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I204983213"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xin Ji","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electronics and Information Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electronics and Information Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I204983213"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5011389366","display_name":"Zhiyi Song","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9429-8618"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I204983213","display_name":"Harbin Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01yqg2h08","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I204983213"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhiyi Song","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electronics and Information Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electronics and Information Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I204983213"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5006333473","display_name":"Liyan Qiao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7397-3458"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I204983213","display_name":"Harbin Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01yqg2h08","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I204983213"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Liyan Qiao","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electronics and Information Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electronics and Information Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I204983213"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5068021161","display_name":"Yang Yu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4669-934X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I204983213","display_name":"Harbin Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01yqg2h08","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I204983213"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yang Yu","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electronics and Information Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electronics and Information Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I204983213"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5019735827","display_name":"Xiyuan Peng","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7424-1008"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I204983213","display_name":"Harbin Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01yqg2h08","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I204983213"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xiyuan Peng","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electronics and Information Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electronics and Information Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I204983213"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":6,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5101767239"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I204983213"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.2055,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":5,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.50500557,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":91,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"28","last_page":"35"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10125","display_name":"Advanced Wireless Communication Techniques","score":0.9991999864578247,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10125","display_name":"Advanced Wireless Communication Techniques","score":0.9991999864578247,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10575","display_name":"Wireless Communication Networks Research","score":0.9954000115394592,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11873","display_name":"PAPR reduction in OFDM","score":0.9925000071525574,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7477328777313232},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/phase-shift-keying","display_name":"Phase-shift keying","score":0.723385214805603},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/synchronization","display_name":"Synchronization (alternating current)","score":0.6916434168815613},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/symbol-rate","display_name":"Symbol rate","score":0.6377720236778259},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bandwidth","display_name":"Bandwidth (computing)","score":0.5332502722740173},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electronic-engineering","display_name":"Electronic engineering","score":0.4297775626182556},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/phase-locked-loop","display_name":"Phase-locked loop","score":0.41348662972450256},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/control-theory","display_name":"Control theory (sociology)","score":0.373068243265152},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/real-time-computing","display_name":"Real-time computing","score":0.3387962579727173},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.3204459249973297},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bit-error-rate","display_name":"Bit error rate","score":0.2634737491607666},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.20581591129302979},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/decoding-methods","display_name":"Decoding methods","score":0.17689433693885803},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.10678732395172119},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.08683031797409058}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7477328777313232},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C186378180","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4874866","display_name":"Phase-shift keying","level":4,"score":0.723385214805603},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778562939","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1298791","display_name":"Synchronization (alternating current)","level":3,"score":0.6916434168815613},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C74645175","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q428083","display_name":"Symbol rate","level":4,"score":0.6377720236778259},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776257435","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1576430","display_name":"Bandwidth (computing)","level":2,"score":0.5332502722740173},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.4297775626182556},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C12707504","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q52637","display_name":"Phase-locked loop","level":3,"score":0.41348662972450256},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C47446073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5165890","display_name":"Control theory (sociology)","level":3,"score":0.373068243265152},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79403827","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3988","display_name":"Real-time computing","level":1,"score":0.3387962579727173},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.3204459249973297},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C56296756","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q840922","display_name":"Bit error rate","level":3,"score":0.2634737491607666},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.20581591129302979},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C57273362","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q576722","display_name":"Decoding methods","level":2,"score":0.17689433693885803},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.10678732395172119},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.08683031797409058},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134652429","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1052698","display_name":"Jitter","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775924081","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q55608371","display_name":"Control (management)","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127162648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16858953","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/iwcmc48107.2020.9148120","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/iwcmc48107.2020.9148120","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2020 International Wireless Communications and Mobile Computing (IWCMC)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","score":0.46000000834465027}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":17,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W582116410","https://openalex.org/W1967168680","https://openalex.org/W1989713765","https://openalex.org/W2079281015","https://openalex.org/W2099611565","https://openalex.org/W2114901805","https://openalex.org/W2165456233","https://openalex.org/W2215307641","https://openalex.org/W2347293735","https://openalex.org/W2476112607","https://openalex.org/W2476911918","https://openalex.org/W2535554876","https://openalex.org/W2541248580","https://openalex.org/W2565422090","https://openalex.org/W2626072302","https://openalex.org/W2945228366","https://openalex.org/W6731260130"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1576949837","https://openalex.org/W4360861688","https://openalex.org/W3134930219","https://openalex.org/W984417604","https://openalex.org/W2967785526","https://openalex.org/W2908000842","https://openalex.org/W2736279635","https://openalex.org/W2112440221","https://openalex.org/W2801319444","https://openalex.org/W2161379611"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Carrier":[0],"and":[1,47,73,98,117,142,147,173,176,179,187,199,234],"symbol":[2,48,99,197,205],"synchronization":[3,22,50,66,140,151,171,216],"are":[4,85,112],"the":[5,9,13,35,38,56,65,77,90,93,105,119,123,128,131,139,144,159,170,177,191,196,204,215,219,224],"key":[6],"prerequisite":[7],"for":[8,37,149,218,223],"accurate":[10],"reception":[11],"of":[12,58,92,130,195,203,226],"Quadrature":[14],"Phase":[15],"Shift":[16],"Keying":[17],"(QPSK)":[18],"signal.":[19],"The":[20,61],"traditional":[21,160],"methods":[23],"have":[24],"some":[25],"intrinsic":[26],"problems,":[27],"such":[28],"as":[29],"slow":[30],"speed,":[31],"difficult":[32],"to":[33,87,114,213],"design":[34],"coefficients":[36,148],"loop":[39,80],"filter.":[40],"In":[41,76,121],"this":[42],"paper,":[43],"an":[44],"adaptive":[45],"carrier":[46,94],"joint":[49,161],"method":[51,125,165,209],"is":[52,193,201],"proposed,":[53],"which":[54,229],"applies":[55],"idea":[57],"segmented":[59],"synchronization.":[60],"proposed":[62,124,164,208],"approach":[63],"divides":[64],"process":[67],"into":[68,168],"two":[69],"stages:":[70],"coarse":[71,78],"stage":[72],"fine":[74,106],"stage.":[75],"stage,":[79,107],"filters":[81,108],"with":[82,109,158],"large":[83,232],"bandwidth":[84,111],"used":[86,212],"fast":[88],"capture":[89],"range":[91],"frequency":[95,233],"offset":[96,101],"(CFO)":[97],"timing":[100,235],"(STO).":[102],"While,":[103],"in":[104],"small":[110],"adopted":[113],"accurately":[115],"calculate":[116],"track":[118,127],"offsets.":[120,236],"addition,":[122],"can":[126,136,166,181,210],"variation":[129],"offsets":[132],"dynamically,":[133],"thus,":[134],"it":[135],"adaptively":[137],"identify":[138],"status":[141],"select":[143],"suitable":[145],"structure":[146],"different":[150],"stages.":[152],"Simulation":[153],"results":[154],"show":[155],"that,":[156],"compared":[157],"method,":[162],"our":[163],"take":[167],"account":[169],"speed":[172,178],"stability":[174,180],"simultaneously,":[175],"be":[182,211],"increased":[183],"by":[184],"1.2":[185],"times":[186],"21.77%,":[188],"respectively,":[189],"when":[190],"CFO":[192],"1.5%":[194],"rate":[198],"STO":[200],"0.5%":[202],"rate.":[206],"Our":[207],"solve":[214],"problem":[217],"harsh":[220],"environment,":[221],"especially":[222],"field":[225],"satellite":[227],"communications,":[228],"has":[230],"extremely":[231]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
