{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1986741040","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/isqed.2012.6187540","title":"History & Variation Trained Cache (HVT-Cache): A process variation aware and fine grain voltage scalable cache with active access history monitoring","display_name":"History & Variation Trained Cache (HVT-Cache): A process variation aware and fine grain voltage scalable cache with active access history monitoring","publication_year":2012,"publication_date":"2012-03-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1986741040","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/isqed.2012.6187540","mag":"1986741040"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/isqed.2012.6187540","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/isqed.2012.6187540","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Thirteenth International Symposium on Quality Electronic Design (ISQED)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5060036961","display_name":"Avesta Sasan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4052-8075"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I204250578","display_name":"University of California, Irvine","ror":"https://ror.org/04gyf1771","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I204250578"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Avesta Sasan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of California Irvine, USA","Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of California, Irvine,"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of California Irvine, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I204250578"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of California, Irvine,","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I204250578"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5047382437","display_name":"Houman Homayoun","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8904-4699"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I36258959","display_name":"University of California, San Diego","ror":"https://ror.org/0168r3w48","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I36258959"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Houman Homayoun","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science and Engineering, University of California, San Diego, USA","[Department of Computer Science and Engineering, University of California, San Diego]"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science and Engineering, University of California, San Diego, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I36258959"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"[Department of Computer Science and Engineering, University of California, San Diego]","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I36258959"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5110248190","display_name":"Kiarash Amiri","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I204250578","display_name":"University of California, Irvine","ror":"https://ror.org/04gyf1771","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I204250578"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kiarash Amiri","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of California Irvine, USA","Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of California, Irvine,"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of California Irvine, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I204250578"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of California, Irvine,","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I204250578"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5013660772","display_name":"Ahmed M. Eltawil","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1849-083X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I204250578","display_name":"University of California, Irvine","ror":"https://ror.org/04gyf1771","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I204250578"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ahmed Eltawil","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of California Irvine, USA","Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of California, Irvine,"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of California Irvine, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I204250578"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of California, Irvine,","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I204250578"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5003975641","display_name":"Fadi Kudahi","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I204250578","display_name":"University of California, Irvine","ror":"https://ror.org/04gyf1771","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I204250578"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Fadi Kudahi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of California Irvine, USA","Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of California, Irvine,"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of California Irvine, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I204250578"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of California, Irvine,","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I204250578"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5060036961"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I204250578"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.749,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":8,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.73409214,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"498","last_page":"505"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10363","display_name":"Low-power high-performance VLSI design","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10363","display_name":"Low-power high-performance VLSI design","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11032","display_name":"VLSI and Analog Circuit Testing","score":0.9995999932289124,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1708","display_name":"Hardware and Architecture"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10054","display_name":"Parallel Computing and Optimization Techniques","score":0.9991999864578247,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1708","display_name":"Hardware and Architecture"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cache","display_name":"Cache","score":0.8513590693473816},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5804656147956848},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/process-variation","display_name":"Process variation","score":0.5362652540206909},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/scalability","display_name":"Scalability","score":0.5085393190383911},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/variation","display_name":"Variation (astronomy)","score":0.5007717609405518},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cache-invalidation","display_name":"Cache invalidation","score":0.4490512013435364},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cache-algorithms","display_name":"Cache algorithms","score":0.3925628662109375},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cpu-cache","display_name":"CPU cache","score":0.32209500670433044},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/process","display_name":"Process (computing)","score":0.3178870379924774},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/parallel-computing","display_name":"Parallel computing","score":0.2740488648414612},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/database","display_name":"Database","score":0.10685741901397705},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/operating-system","display_name":"Operating system","score":0.09836587309837341}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115537543","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q165596","display_name":"Cache","level":2,"score":0.8513590693473816},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5804656147956848},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C93389723","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7247313","display_name":"Process variation","level":3,"score":0.5362652540206909},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C48044578","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q727490","display_name":"Scalability","level":2,"score":0.5085393190383911},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778334786","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1586270","display_name":"Variation (astronomy)","level":2,"score":0.5007717609405518},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C25536678","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5015977","display_name":"Cache invalidation","level":5,"score":0.4490512013435364},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38556500","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q13404475","display_name":"Cache algorithms","level":4,"score":0.3925628662109375},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C189783530","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q352090","display_name":"CPU cache","level":3,"score":0.32209500670433044},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98045186","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q205663","display_name":"Process (computing)","level":2,"score":0.3178870379924774},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C173608175","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q232661","display_name":"Parallel computing","level":1,"score":0.2740488648414612},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77088390","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8513","display_name":"Database","level":1,"score":0.10685741901397705},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.09836587309837341},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C44870925","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37547","display_name":"Astrophysics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/isqed.2012.6187540","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/isqed.2012.6187540","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Thirteenth International Symposium on Quality Electronic Design (ISQED)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:CiteSeerX.psu:10.1.1.709.467","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.709.467","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"http://ece.gmu.edu/%7Ehhomayou/files/ISLPED_AvestaSasanFJK.pdf","raw_type":"text"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","score":0.8999999761581421}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":22,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2067168777","https://openalex.org/W2075190356","https://openalex.org/W2104974024","https://openalex.org/W2109184501","https://openalex.org/W2110999128","https://openalex.org/W2111705720","https://openalex.org/W2112141687","https://openalex.org/W2112352289","https://openalex.org/W2119465432","https://openalex.org/W2131143090","https://openalex.org/W2132174932","https://openalex.org/W2136276416","https://openalex.org/W2138374118","https://openalex.org/W2143134476","https://openalex.org/W2157210245","https://openalex.org/W2168101540","https://openalex.org/W2168473468","https://openalex.org/W3142246905","https://openalex.org/W4238002809","https://openalex.org/W4242685804","https://openalex.org/W4253202538","https://openalex.org/W6680231116"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2350993697","https://openalex.org/W2031173804","https://openalex.org/W2803610590","https://openalex.org/W2363769136","https://openalex.org/W3085471909","https://openalex.org/W2114386333","https://openalex.org/W2009566782","https://openalex.org/W2041820064","https://openalex.org/W1994118623","https://openalex.org/W2109715593"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Process":[0],"variability":[1],"and":[2,27,50,74,112],"energy":[3],"consumption":[4,99],"are":[5],"the":[6,12,25,61,88],"two":[7],"most":[8],"formidable":[9],"challenges":[10],"facing":[11],"semiconductor":[13],"industry":[14],"nowadays.":[15],"To":[16],"combat":[17],"these":[18],"challenges,":[19],"we":[20],"present":[21],"in":[22,60,97],"this":[23],"paper":[24],"\u201cHistory":[26],"Variation":[28],"Trained-Cache\u201d":[29],"(HVT-Cache)":[30],"architecture.":[31],"HVT-Cache":[32],"enables":[33],"fine":[34],"grain":[35],"voltage":[36,55],"scaling":[37],"within":[38],"a":[39,82],"memory":[40,47,62],"bank":[41],"by":[42,76],"taking":[43],"into":[44],"account":[45],"both":[46],"access":[48,63],"pattern":[49,64],"process":[51,79],"variability.":[52,80],"The":[53],"supply":[54],"is":[56],"changed":[57],"with":[58],"alterations":[59],"to":[65],"maximize":[66],"power":[67,98],"saving,":[68],"while":[69,105],"assuring":[70],"safe":[71],"operation":[72],"(read":[73],"write)":[75],"guarding":[77],"against":[78],"In":[81],"case":[83],"study,":[84],"SimpleScalar":[85],"simulation":[86],"of":[87],"proposed":[89],"32KB":[90],"cache":[91],"architecture":[92],"reports":[93],"over":[94,100],"40%":[95],"reduction":[96],"standard":[101],"SPEC2000":[102],"integer":[103],"benchmarks":[104],"incurring":[106],"an":[107,113],"area":[108],"overhead":[109],"below":[110],"4%":[111],"execution":[114],"time":[115],"penalty":[116],"smaller":[117],"than":[118],"1%.":[119]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-04-05T17:49:38.594831","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}