{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4407377876","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ispacs62486.2024.10865990","title":"Face Tracking using Deep Reinforcement Learning on Zenbo Junior","display_name":"Face Tracking using Deep Reinforcement Learning on Zenbo Junior","publication_year":2024,"publication_date":"2024-12-10","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4407377876","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ispacs62486.2024.10865990"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/ispacs62486.2024.10865990","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ispacs62486.2024.10865990","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2024 International Symposium on Intelligent Signal Processing and Communication Systems (ISPACS)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5073884022","display_name":"Shih-Huan Tseng","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4925-5990"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4387154394","display_name":"National Kaohsiung University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/00hfj7g70","country_code":null,"type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4387154394"]}],"countries":["TW"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Shih-Huan Tseng","raw_affiliation_strings":["National Kaohsiung University of Science and Technology,Department of Computer and Communication Engineering,Kaohsiung,Taiwan"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Kaohsiung University of Science and Technology,Department of Computer and Communication Engineering,Kaohsiung,Taiwan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4387154394","https://openalex.org/I4387154394"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100524588","display_name":"Deyu Lin","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4387154394","display_name":"National Kaohsiung University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/00hfj7g70","country_code":null,"type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4387154394"]}],"countries":["TW"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"De-Yu Lin","raw_affiliation_strings":["National Kaohsiung University of Science and Technology,Department of Computer and Communication Engineering,Kaohsiung,Taiwan"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Kaohsiung University of Science and Technology,Department of Computer and Communication Engineering,Kaohsiung,Taiwan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4387154394","https://openalex.org/I4387154394"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5113975920","display_name":"Shih-Shinh Huang","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4387154394","display_name":"National Kaohsiung University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/00hfj7g70","country_code":null,"type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4387154394"]}],"countries":["TW"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shih-Shinh Huang","raw_affiliation_strings":["National Kaohsiung University of Science and Technology,Department of Computer and Communication Engineering,Kaohsiung,Taiwan"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Kaohsiung University of Science and Technology,Department of Computer and Communication Engineering,Kaohsiung,Taiwan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4387154394","https://openalex.org/I4387154394"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5073884022"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4387154394"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.27711784,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"2"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11448","display_name":"Face recognition and analysis","score":0.5533000230789185,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11448","display_name":"Face recognition and analysis","score":0.5533000230789185,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13674","display_name":"Computer Science and Engineering","score":0.4756999909877777,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reinforcement-learning","display_name":"Reinforcement learning","score":0.8160502910614014},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.639174222946167},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.6128498911857605},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tracking","display_name":"Tracking (education)","score":0.6105688810348511},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/face","display_name":"Face (sociological concept)","score":0.5220808386802673},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reinforcement","display_name":"Reinforcement","score":0.41801905632019043},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-vision","display_name":"Computer vision","score":0.34205538034439087},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.1523832380771637},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/psychology","display_name":"Psychology","score":0.13816124200820923}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C97541855","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q830687","display_name":"Reinforcement learning","level":2,"score":0.8160502910614014},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.639174222946167},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.6128498911857605},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775936607","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q466845","display_name":"Tracking (education)","level":2,"score":0.6105688810348511},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779304628","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3503480","display_name":"Face (sociological concept)","level":2,"score":0.5220808386802673},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C67203356","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1321905","display_name":"Reinforcement","level":2,"score":0.41801905632019043},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.34205538034439087},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.1523832380771637},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.13816124200820923},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C66938386","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q633538","display_name":"Structural engineering","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C36289849","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q34749","display_name":"Social science","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19417346","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7922","display_name":"Pedagogy","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/ispacs62486.2024.10865990","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ispacs62486.2024.10865990","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2024 International Symposium on Intelligent Signal Processing and Communication Systems (ISPACS)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":2,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W6637967152","https://openalex.org/W6780559895"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4310083477","https://openalex.org/W2328553770","https://openalex.org/W2920061524","https://openalex.org/W1977959518","https://openalex.org/W2038908348","https://openalex.org/W2107890255","https://openalex.org/W2106552856","https://openalex.org/W2145821588","https://openalex.org/W2086122291","https://openalex.org/W2158788032"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0,39],"paper":[1],"aims":[2],"to":[3,36,48,130],"develop":[4],"a":[5,29,74],"deep":[6,42],"reinforcement":[7],"learning-based":[8],"face":[9,57,71],"tracking":[10],"system":[11],"for":[12,85],"Zenbo":[13,82,95],"Jr.":[14,96],"As":[15],"robots":[16],"become":[17],"increasingly":[18],"integrated":[19],"into":[20],"daily":[21],"life,":[22],"human-robot":[23],"interaction":[24],"(HRI)":[25],"has":[26],"emerged":[27],"as":[28],"critical":[30],"research":[31,98],"area,":[32],"especially":[33],"in":[34,135],"adhering":[35],"social":[37],"norms.":[38],"project":[40],"combines":[41],"learning":[43],"with":[44,137],"visual":[45],"servo":[46],"systems":[47],"enhance":[49],"the":[50,63,92,102,112,118],"accuracy":[51],"and":[52,88,90,108,110,123,151],"response":[53],"speed":[54],"of":[55,62,121],"robotic":[56],"tracking.":[58],"The":[59,97],"primary":[60],"objectives":[61],"study":[64],"include:":[65],"adjusting":[66],"robot":[67],"movements":[68],"based":[69],"on":[70,94],"position,":[72],"designing":[73,101],"virtual":[75,103],"environment":[76],"using":[77],"OpenAI":[78],"Gym":[79],"that":[80,127],"matches":[81],"Jr.\u2019s":[83],"perspective":[84],"model":[86,93],"training,":[87],"testing":[89],"validating":[91],"methods":[99],"involve":[100],"environment,":[104],"establishing":[105],"reward":[106],"functions,":[107],"constructing":[109],"training":[111,119,143],"DQN":[113],"model.":[114],"Experimental":[115],"results":[116],"compare":[117],"outcomes":[120],"Q-Learning":[122,128,147],"Deep":[124,146],"Q-Learning,":[125],"confirming":[126],"leads":[129],"an":[131],"excessively":[132],"large":[133],"$\\mathbf{Q}$-table":[134],"scenarios":[136],"numerous":[138],"state-action":[139],"combinations,":[140],"making":[141],"effective":[142],"impossible,":[144],"whereas":[145],"achieves":[148],"stable":[149],"convergence":[150],"good":[152],"results.":[153]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2025-12-21T01:58:51.020947","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}