{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4403278529","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/is61756.2024.10705255","title":"Transparent AI Models for Meningococcal Meningitis Diagnosis: Evaluating Interpretability and Performance Metrics","display_name":"Transparent AI Models for Meningococcal Meningitis Diagnosis: Evaluating Interpretability and Performance Metrics","publication_year":2024,"publication_date":"2024-08-29","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4403278529","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/is61756.2024.10705255"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/is61756.2024.10705255","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/is61756.2024.10705255","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2024 IEEE 12th International Conference on Intelligent Systems (IS)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5036730148","display_name":"Aya Messai","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4921-0001"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I40193446","display_name":"University Ferhat Abbas of Setif","ror":"https://ror.org/02rzqza52","country_code":"DZ","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I40193446"]}],"countries":["DZ"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Aya Messai","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Ferhat Abbas S&#x00E9;tif 1,LRSD Laboratory,S&#x00E9;tif,Algeria,19000"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Ferhat Abbas S&#x00E9;tif 1,LRSD Laboratory,S&#x00E9;tif,Algeria,19000","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I40193446"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5079522690","display_name":"Ahlem Drif","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6666-952X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I40193446","display_name":"University Ferhat Abbas of Setif","ror":"https://ror.org/02rzqza52","country_code":"DZ","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I40193446"]}],"countries":["DZ"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ahlem Drif","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Ferhat Abbas S&#x00E9;tif 1,Department of computer science,S&#x00E9;tif,Algeria,19000"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Ferhat Abbas S&#x00E9;tif 1,Department of computer science,S&#x00E9;tif,Algeria,19000","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I40193446"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5111686060","display_name":"Amel Ouyahia","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I40193446","display_name":"University Ferhat Abbas of Setif","ror":"https://ror.org/02rzqza52","country_code":"DZ","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I40193446"]}],"countries":["DZ"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Amel Ouyahia","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Ferhat Abbas S&#x00E9;tif 1,Head of STDs HIV AIDS unit,Department of Medicine,S&#x00E9;tif,Algeria,19000"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Ferhat Abbas S&#x00E9;tif 1,Head of STDs HIV AIDS unit,Department of Medicine,S&#x00E9;tif,Algeria,19000","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I40193446"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5029258010","display_name":"Meriem Guechi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6806-1155"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Meriem Guechi","raw_affiliation_strings":["CHU Saadna Abdenour Hospital, S&#x00E9;tif Hospital,S&#x00E9;tif,Algeria,19000"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"CHU Saadna Abdenour Hospital, S&#x00E9;tif Hospital,S&#x00E9;tif,Algeria,19000","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5109578440","display_name":"Mounira Rais","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2327-3453"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I40193446","display_name":"University Ferhat Abbas of Setif","ror":"https://ror.org/02rzqza52","country_code":"DZ","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I40193446"]}],"countries":["DZ"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mounira Rais","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Ferhat Abbas S&#x00E9;tif 1,Department of Medicine,S&#x00E9;tif,Algeria,19000"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Ferhat Abbas S&#x00E9;tif 1,Department of Medicine,S&#x00E9;tif,Algeria,19000","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I40193446"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5097632915","display_name":"Lars Kaderali","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2799318839","display_name":"Universit\u00e4tsmedizin Greifswald","ror":"https://ror.org/025vngs54","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2799318839"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Lars Kaderali","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Bioinformatics, University Medicine Greifswald,Greifswald,Germany,17475"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Bioinformatics, University Medicine Greifswald,Greifswald,Germany,17475","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2799318839"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5006125158","display_name":"Hocine Cherifi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9124-4921"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I177064439","display_name":"Universit\u00e9 de Bourgogne","ror":"https://ror.org/03k1bsr36","country_code":"FR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I177064439"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210124615","display_name":"Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire Carnot de Bourgogne","ror":"https://ror.org/02b6c1039","country_code":"FR","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1294671590","https://openalex.org/I37553959","https://openalex.org/I4210124615","https://openalex.org/I4407990431"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1294671590","display_name":"Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique","ror":"https://ror.org/02feahw73","country_code":"FR","type":"funder","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1294671590"]}],"countries":["FR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hocine Cherifi","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Burgundy,Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire Carnot de Bourgogne, ICB UMR 6303 CNRS,Dijon,France"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Burgundy,Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire Carnot de Bourgogne, ICB UMR 6303 CNRS,Dijon,France","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I177064439","https://openalex.org/I1294671590","https://openalex.org/I4210124615"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":3,"institutions_distinct_count":7,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5036730148"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I40193446"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.8878,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":4,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.74056758,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":96,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"8"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11710","display_name":"Biomedical Text Mining and Ontologies","score":0.9045000076293945,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1312","display_name":"Molecular Biology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11710","display_name":"Biomedical Text Mining and Ontologies","score":0.9045000076293945,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1312","display_name":"Molecular Biology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/interpretability","display_name":"Interpretability","score":0.943943977355957},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/meningococcal-meningitis","display_name":"Meningococcal meningitis","score":0.7615429759025574},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5972332954406738},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/meningitis","display_name":"Meningitis","score":0.5049238801002502},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bacterial-meningitis","display_name":"Bacterial meningitis","score":0.42142415046691895},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.4207285940647125},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/medicine","display_name":"Medicine","score":0.34694117307662964},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.33622464537620544},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/neisseria-meningitidis","display_name":"Neisseria meningitidis","score":0.1609841287136078},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pediatrics","display_name":"Pediatrics","score":0.11042410135269165}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781067378","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17027399","display_name":"Interpretability","level":2,"score":0.943943977355957},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2908838209","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q890785","display_name":"Meningococcal meningitis","level":4,"score":0.7615429759025574},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5972332954406738},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781026528","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q48143","display_name":"Meningitis","level":2,"score":0.5049238801002502},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3018430615","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q48143","display_name":"Bacterial meningitis","level":3,"score":0.42142415046691895},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.4207285940647125},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.34694117307662964},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.33622464537620544},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778458888","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q154625","display_name":"Neisseria meningitidis","level":3,"score":0.1609841287136078},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C187212893","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q123028","display_name":"Pediatrics","level":1,"score":0.11042410135269165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C523546767","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10876","display_name":"Bacteria","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C54355233","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7162","display_name":"Genetics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/is61756.2024.10705255","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/is61756.2024.10705255","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2024 IEEE 12th International Conference on Intelligent Systems (IS)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.4000000059604645,"display_name":"Good health and well-being","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":17,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1998371917","https://openalex.org/W2018077147","https://openalex.org/W2498672755","https://openalex.org/W2516809705","https://openalex.org/W2593875029","https://openalex.org/W2972465381","https://openalex.org/W3142076367","https://openalex.org/W4221065240","https://openalex.org/W4235776088","https://openalex.org/W4297792514","https://openalex.org/W4309263371","https://openalex.org/W4311649019","https://openalex.org/W4319063318","https://openalex.org/W4324285489","https://openalex.org/W4381249462","https://openalex.org/W4381613210","https://openalex.org/W4402843978"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1986582023","https://openalex.org/W2966829450","https://openalex.org/W4361263375","https://openalex.org/W1636721868","https://openalex.org/W2344223958","https://openalex.org/W4235475977","https://openalex.org/W2972971263","https://openalex.org/W2182533141","https://openalex.org/W1591618178","https://openalex.org/W2414724338"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Meningococcal":[0,49,89,191],"meningitis,":[1],"a":[2,83,187],"severe":[3],"bacterial":[4],"infection,":[5],"demands":[6],"precise":[7],"diagnosis":[8],"and":[9,25,34,59,79,91,118,129,160,174,202,220,228],"immediate":[10],"intervention.":[11],"This":[12],"paper":[13],"explores":[14],"the":[15,38,102,133,138,180,196,215,230],"potential":[16],"of":[17,41,54,88,94,97,135,182,190,198,217,232],"Artificial":[18],"Intelligence":[19],"(AI)":[20],"in":[21,137,165,172,184,208,236],"improving":[22],"diagnostic":[23],"accuracy":[24,110],"clinical":[26,237],"decision-making":[27,39,238],"for":[28],"this":[29,210],"condition.":[30,211],"We":[31],"assess":[32],"interpretability":[33,222],"reliability":[35],"by":[36],"analyzing":[37],"process":[40],"Machine":[42],"Learning":[43],"(ML)":[44],"models":[45,235],"tailored":[46],"to":[47,131,147],"identify":[48],"meningitis":[50,90],"among":[51],"different":[52],"etiologies":[53],"meningitis.":[55,98,192],"Initially,":[56],"we":[57,122],"train":[58],"test":[60],"various":[61],"ML":[62,139],"models,":[63,101],"including":[64,109],"logistic":[65],"regression,":[66],"K-nearest":[67],"neighbors,":[68],"support":[69],"vector":[70],"machine,":[71],"decision":[72],"tree,":[73],"gradient":[74],"boosting,":[75],"AdaBoost,":[76],"random":[77],"forest,":[78],"LightGBM":[80],"classifier,":[81],"on":[82],"dataset":[84],"comprising":[85],"460":[86],"cases":[87,93],"474":[92],"other":[95],"types":[96],"Among":[99],"these":[100],"gradient-boosting":[103],"model":[104,148],"exhibits":[105],"superior":[106],"performance":[107],"metrics,":[108],"(0.88),":[111],"precision":[112],"(0.92),":[113],"recall":[114],"(0.83),":[115],"AUROC":[116],"(0.93),":[117],"f1-score":[119],"(0.87).":[120],"Subsequently,":[121],"employ":[123],"Explainable":[124],"AI":[125,234],"(XAI)":[126],"tools":[127],"(ELI5":[128],"LIME)":[130],"elucidate":[132],"importance":[134,231],"features":[136],"models.":[140],"Our":[141],"results":[142],"highlight":[143],"key":[144],"factors":[145],"contributing":[146],"success,":[149],"such":[150],"as":[151,186],"Neisseria":[152],"meningitidis":[153],"identified":[154],"through":[155],"cerebrospinal":[156],"fluid":[157],"(CSF)":[158],"culture":[159],"latex":[161],"agglutination,":[162],"gram-negative":[163],"diplococci":[164],"CSF":[166,185],"smear":[167],"examination,":[168],"white":[169,204],"cell":[170,206],"counts":[171,207],"CSF,":[173],"patient":[175],"age.":[176],"Local":[177],"explanations":[178],"reveal":[179],"presence":[181],"neutrophils":[183],"characteristic":[188],"feature":[189],"LIME":[193],"analysis":[194],"indicates":[195],"significance":[197],"low":[199],"lymphocyte":[200],"percentages":[201],"elevated":[203],"blood":[205],"predicting":[209],"These":[212],"findings":[213],"underscore":[214],"effectiveness":[216],"integrating":[218],"global":[219],"local":[221],"techniques,":[223],"aligning":[224],"with":[225],"expert":[226],"knowledge,":[227],"emphasizing":[229],"transparent":[233],"processes.":[239]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-04-26T08:31:28.666265","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
