{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2944328974","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/is.2018.8710521","title":"Methods and Tools for TD Estimation and Forecasting: A State-of-the-art Survey","display_name":"Methods and Tools for TD Estimation and Forecasting: A State-of-the-art Survey","publication_year":2018,"publication_date":"2018-09-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2944328974","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/is.2018.8710521","mag":"2944328974"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/is.2018.8710521","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/is.2018.8710521","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2018 International Conference on Intelligent Systems (IS)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://zenodo.org/record/3379427","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5007207219","display_name":"Dimitrios Tsoukalas","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9986-0796"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I192756129","display_name":"University of Macedonia","ror":"https://ror.org/05fg6gr82","country_code":"GR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I192756129"]}],"countries":["GR"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Dimitrios Tsoukalas","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Applied Informatics, University of Macedonia, Thessaloniki, Greece"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Applied Informatics, University of Macedonia, Thessaloniki, Greece","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I192756129"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5071883230","display_name":"Miltiadis Siavvas","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3251-8723"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210134249","display_name":"Centre for Research and Technology Hellas","ror":"https://ror.org/03bndpq63","country_code":"GR","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210134249"]}],"countries":["GR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Miltiadis Siavvas","raw_affiliation_strings":["Centre for Research and Technology Hellas, Thessaloniki, Greece"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Centre for Research and Technology Hellas, Thessaloniki, Greece","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210134249"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101752678","display_name":"Marija Jankovi\u0107","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3600-3014"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210134249","display_name":"Centre for Research and Technology Hellas","ror":"https://ror.org/03bndpq63","country_code":"GR","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210134249"]}],"countries":["GR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Marija Jankovic","raw_affiliation_strings":["Centre for Research and Technology Hellas, Thessaloniki, Greece"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Centre for Research and Technology Hellas, Thessaloniki, Greece","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210134249"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5060625416","display_name":"Dionysios Kehagias","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6912-3493"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210134249","display_name":"Centre for Research and Technology Hellas","ror":"https://ror.org/03bndpq63","country_code":"GR","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210134249"]}],"countries":["GR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Dionysios Kehagias","raw_affiliation_strings":["Centre for Research and Technology Hellas, Thessaloniki, Greece"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Centre for Research and Technology Hellas, Thessaloniki, Greece","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210134249"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5005131176","display_name":"Alexander Chatzigeorgiou","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5381-8418"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I192756129","display_name":"University of Macedonia","ror":"https://ror.org/05fg6gr82","country_code":"GR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I192756129"]}],"countries":["GR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Alexander Chatzigeorgiou","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Applied Informatics, University of Macedonia, Thessaloniki, Greece"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Applied Informatics, University of Macedonia, Thessaloniki, Greece","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I192756129"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5087452615","display_name":"Dimitrios Tzovaras","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6915-6722"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210134249","display_name":"Centre for Research and Technology Hellas","ror":"https://ror.org/03bndpq63","country_code":"GR","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210134249"]}],"countries":["GR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Dimitrios Tzovaras","raw_affiliation_strings":["Centre for Research and Technology Hellas, Thessaloniki, Greece"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Centre for Research and Technology Hellas, Thessaloniki, Greece","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210134249"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":6,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5007207219"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I192756129"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":2.8742,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":18,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.93262028,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"698","last_page":"705"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10260","display_name":"Software Engineering Research","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10260","display_name":"Software Engineering Research","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12423","display_name":"Software Reliability and Analysis Research","score":0.9927999973297119,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1712","display_name":"Software"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11675","display_name":"Open Source Software Innovations","score":0.9866999983787537,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1706","display_name":"Computer Science Applications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/technical-debt","display_name":"Technical debt","score":0.8850679397583008},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7136930227279663},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/estimation","display_name":"Estimation","score":0.6345882415771484},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/variety","display_name":"Variety (cybernetics)","score":0.5865022540092468},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software","display_name":"Software","score":0.5388277769088745},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/field","display_name":"Field (mathematics)","score":0.5285995006561279},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/risk-analysis","display_name":"Risk analysis (engineering)","score":0.5082380175590515},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/quality","display_name":"Quality (philosophy)","score":0.4814719259738922},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/process","display_name":"Process (computing)","score":0.4801066219806671},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software-quality","display_name":"Software quality","score":0.43489906191825867},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software-development","display_name":"Software development","score":0.42588597536087036},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/maturity","display_name":"Maturity (psychological)","score":0.4253201186656952},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-science","display_name":"Data science","score":0.3798367977142334},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.24484264850616455},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/systems-engineering","display_name":"Systems engineering","score":0.1659233272075653},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.15543919801712036},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/business","display_name":"Business","score":0.13052630424499512}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159198006","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1532172","display_name":"Technical debt","level":4,"score":0.8850679397583008},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7136930227279663},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C96250715","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q965330","display_name":"Estimation","level":2,"score":0.6345882415771484},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136197465","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1729295","display_name":"Variety (cybernetics)","level":2,"score":0.5865022540092468},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777904410","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7397","display_name":"Software","level":2,"score":0.5388277769088745},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9652623","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190109","display_name":"Field (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.5285995006561279},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C112930515","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4389547","display_name":"Risk analysis (engineering)","level":1,"score":0.5082380175590515},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779530757","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1207505","display_name":"Quality (philosophy)","level":2,"score":0.4814719259738922},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98045186","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q205663","display_name":"Process (computing)","level":2,"score":0.4801066219806671},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C117447612","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1412670","display_name":"Software quality","level":4,"score":0.43489906191825867},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C529173508","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q638608","display_name":"Software development","level":3,"score":0.42588597536087036},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C101433766","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3543263","display_name":"Maturity (psychological)","level":2,"score":0.4253201186656952},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2522767166","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2374463","display_name":"Data science","level":1,"score":0.3798367977142334},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.24484264850616455},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C201995342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q682496","display_name":"Systems engineering","level":1,"score":0.1659233272075653},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.15543919801712036},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.13052630424499512},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111472728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9471","display_name":"Epistemology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C202444582","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q837863","display_name":"Pure mathematics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138496976","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q175002","display_name":"Developmental psychology","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/is.2018.8710521","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/is.2018.8710521","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2018 International Conference on Intelligent Systems (IS)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:zenodo.org:3379427","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://zenodo.org/record/3379427","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400562","display_name":"Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I67311998","host_organization_name":"European Organization for Nuclear Research","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I67311998"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/conferencePaper"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:zenodo.org:3379427","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://zenodo.org/record/3379427","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400562","display_name":"Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I67311998","host_organization_name":"European Organization for Nuclear Research","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I67311998"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/conferencePaper"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":74,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W33990384","https://openalex.org/W105253108","https://openalex.org/W140915724","https://openalex.org/W649920412","https://openalex.org/W651994928","https://openalex.org/W1480376833","https://openalex.org/W1482796962","https://openalex.org/W1483161216","https://openalex.org/W1965658570","https://openalex.org/W1968024235","https://openalex.org/W1969254353","https://openalex.org/W1971129545","https://openalex.org/W1978918172","https://openalex.org/W1979686314","https://openalex.org/W1984574506","https://openalex.org/W1987270873","https://openalex.org/W1987922655","https://openalex.org/W1989381388","https://openalex.org/W1993882010","https://openalex.org/W1999946433","https://openalex.org/W2003934931","https://openalex.org/W2004833623","https://openalex.org/W2013797311","https://openalex.org/W2017671454","https://openalex.org/W2017892607","https://openalex.org/W2019616236","https://openalex.org/W2028836139","https://openalex.org/W2032342931","https://openalex.org/W2035161668","https://openalex.org/W2037698798","https://openalex.org/W2045749853","https://openalex.org/W2057433090","https://openalex.org/W2060038150","https://openalex.org/W2069205948","https://openalex.org/W2072101068","https://openalex.org/W2080406045","https://openalex.org/W2082792969","https://openalex.org/W2084429785","https://openalex.org/W2106268244","https://openalex.org/W2110461084","https://openalex.org/W2113693268","https://openalex.org/W2121866145","https://openalex.org/W2131169221","https://openalex.org/W2171816001","https://openalex.org/W2202602917","https://openalex.org/W2216905672","https://openalex.org/W2310208102","https://openalex.org/W2318497363","https://openalex.org/W2460077413","https://openalex.org/W2476953409","https://openalex.org/W2534074091","https://openalex.org/W2548459597","https://openalex.org/W2559768165","https://openalex.org/W2565244242","https://openalex.org/W2616927165","https://openalex.org/W2749730959","https://openalex.org/W2758003335","https://openalex.org/W2884383450","https://openalex.org/W2905148565","https://openalex.org/W2963302548","https://openalex.org/W2998678832","https://openalex.org/W3121926921","https://openalex.org/W3145867603","https://openalex.org/W3146212093","https://openalex.org/W3149778010","https://openalex.org/W3150900199","https://openalex.org/W4235836000","https://openalex.org/W4238875600","https://openalex.org/W4238983833","https://openalex.org/W4241840450","https://openalex.org/W4401286428","https://openalex.org/W6604295364","https://openalex.org/W6720949765","https://openalex.org/W7000331788"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2060038150","https://openalex.org/W2031271477","https://openalex.org/W2070437629","https://openalex.org/W1840755814","https://openalex.org/W3032002352","https://openalex.org/W2739113232","https://openalex.org/W3133010148","https://openalex.org/W3124296310","https://openalex.org/W2212955619","https://openalex.org/W4387411615"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Technical":[0],"debt":[1,9],"(TD),":[2],"a":[3,53,167,173,207],"metaphor":[4],"inspired":[5],"by":[6],"the":[7,22,30,45,58,103,106,113,122,158,187,198,214,218,228],"financial":[8],"of":[10,33,55,63,105,124,157,170,176,189,200,217,230],"economic":[11],"theory,":[12],"indicates":[13],"quality":[14,32],"compromises":[15],"that":[16,115,136,183,204],"can":[17],"yield":[18],"short-term":[19],"benefits":[20],"in":[21,121,197,241],"software":[23,34,64,88],"development":[24,229],"process,":[25],"but":[26],"may":[27],"negatively":[28],"affect":[29],"long-term":[31],"products.":[35],"Numerous":[36],"techniques,":[37],"methods,":[38],"and":[39,49,60,90,127,129,143,163,180,238],"tools":[40,164],"have":[41,137],"been":[42,117,139],"proposed":[43],"over":[44],"years":[46],"for":[47],"estimating":[48],"managing":[50,69],"TD,":[51,70],"providing":[52],"variety":[54],"options":[56],"to":[57,83,110,131,151,227],"developers":[59,237],"project":[61,239],"managers":[62,240],"applications.":[65],"However,":[66],"apart":[67],"from":[68],"predicting":[71],"its":[72],"future":[73],"value":[74],"is":[75,81,109,206],"equally":[76],"important":[77],"since":[78,222],"this":[79,101],"knowledge":[80],"expected":[82],"facilitate":[84],"decision-making":[85,232],"tasks":[86],"regarding":[87,245],"implementation":[89],"maintenance,":[91],"such":[92],"as":[93],"incurring":[94],"or":[95],"paying":[96],"off":[97],"TD":[98,125,160,190,201,223,246],"instances.":[99],"To":[100],"end,":[102],"purpose":[104],"present":[107,148,219],"study":[108],"(i)":[111],"summarize":[112],"work":[114],"has":[116,165],"conducted":[118],"until":[119],"today":[120],"field":[123,199],"estimation":[126,161],"forecasting,":[128,202],"(ii)":[130],"identify":[132],"existing":[133,159],"open":[134],"issues":[135],"not":[138],"adequately":[140],"addressed":[141],"yet":[142],"require":[144],"further":[145],"research.":[146],"The":[147,211],"survey":[149],"led":[150],"two":[152],"interesting":[153],"observations.":[154],"Firstly,":[155],"none":[156],"methods":[162],"reached":[166],"desired":[168],"level":[169],"maturity,":[171],"while":[172],"large":[174],"volume":[175],"previously":[177],"uninvestigated":[178],"metrics":[179],"techniques":[181],"exist":[182,196],"could":[184,225,235],"potentially":[185],"increase":[186],"completeness":[188],"estimation.":[191],"Secondly,":[192],"no":[193],"notable":[194],"contributions":[195],"indicating":[203],"it":[205],"scarcely":[208],"investigated":[209],"field.":[210],"latter":[212],"constitutes":[213],"main":[215],"finding":[216],"literature":[220],"review,":[221],"forecasting":[224],"lead":[226],"practical":[231],"mechanisms,":[233],"which":[234],"assist":[236],"taking":[242],"proactive":[243],"actions":[244],"repayment.":[247]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":4}],"updated_date":"2026-03-20T23:20:44.827607","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}