{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1480413228","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/irps.2015.7112688","title":"Proton irradiation-induced traps causing V&lt;inf&gt;T&lt;/inf&gt; instabilities and RF degradation in GaN HEMTs","display_name":"Proton irradiation-induced traps causing V&lt;inf&gt;T&lt;/inf&gt; instabilities and RF degradation in GaN HEMTs","publication_year":2015,"publication_date":"2015-04-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1480413228","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/irps.2015.7112688","mag":"1480413228"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/irps.2015.7112688","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/irps.2015.7112688","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2015 IEEE International Reliability Physics Symposium","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5109351855","display_name":"A. Sasikumar","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I52357470","display_name":"The Ohio State University","ror":"https://ror.org/00rs6vg23","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I52357470"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I74760111","display_name":"Texas Instruments (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/03vsmv677","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I74760111"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"A. Sasikumar","raw_affiliation_strings":["Currently at Texas Instruments Inc., Dallas, TX, USA","Electrical and Computer Engineering Department, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Currently at Texas Instruments Inc., Dallas, TX, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I74760111"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Electrical and Computer Engineering Department, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I52357470"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5027791431","display_name":"Z. Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1598-9179"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I52357470","display_name":"The Ohio State University","ror":"https://ror.org/00rs6vg23","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I52357470"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Z. Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Electrical and Computer Engineering Department, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Electrical and Computer Engineering Department, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I52357470"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5060070451","display_name":"Pankaj Kumar","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4146-0543"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I52357470","display_name":"The Ohio State University","ror":"https://ror.org/00rs6vg23","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I52357470"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"P. Kumar","raw_affiliation_strings":["Electrical and Computer Engineering Department, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Electrical and Computer Engineering Department, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I52357470"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5009879848","display_name":"En Xia Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8021-2411"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I200719446","display_name":"Vanderbilt University","ror":"https://ror.org/02vm5rt34","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I200719446"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"E. X. Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Department, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Department, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I200719446"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5049822123","display_name":"Daniel M. Fleetwood","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4257-7142"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I200719446","display_name":"Vanderbilt University","ror":"https://ror.org/02vm5rt34","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I200719446"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"D. M. Fleetwood","raw_affiliation_strings":["Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Department, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Department, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I200719446"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5035965053","display_name":"Ronald D. Schrimpf","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7419-2701"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I200719446","display_name":"Vanderbilt University","ror":"https://ror.org/02vm5rt34","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I200719446"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"R. D. Schrimpf","raw_affiliation_strings":["Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Department, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Department, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I200719446"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5073594470","display_name":"P. Saunier","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210126946","display_name":"Qorvo (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/03amcs261","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210126946"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"P. Saunier","raw_affiliation_strings":["Qorvo, Inc., Richardson, TX, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Qorvo, Inc., Richardson, TX, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210126946"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5035956418","display_name":"C. Lee","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210126946","display_name":"Qorvo (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/03amcs261","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210126946"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"C. Lee","raw_affiliation_strings":["Qorvo, Inc., Richardson, TX, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Qorvo, Inc., Richardson, TX, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210126946"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5087576603","display_name":"Steven A. Ringel","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5144-8911"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I52357470","display_name":"The Ohio State University","ror":"https://ror.org/00rs6vg23","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I52357470"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"S. A. Ringel","raw_affiliation_strings":["Electrical and Computer Engineering Department, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Electrical and Computer Engineering Department, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I52357470"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5069846355","display_name":"Aaron R. Arehart","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9529-896X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I52357470","display_name":"The Ohio State University","ror":"https://ror.org/00rs6vg23","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I52357470"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"A. R. Arehart","raw_affiliation_strings":["Electrical and Computer Engineering Department, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Electrical and Computer Engineering Department, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I52357470"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":10,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5109351855"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I52357470","https://openalex.org/I74760111"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.2778,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":9,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.78824485,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"2E.3.1","last_page":"2E.3.6"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10099","display_name":"GaN-based semiconductor devices and materials","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3104","display_name":"Condensed Matter Physics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10099","display_name":"GaN-based semiconductor devices and materials","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3104","display_name":"Condensed Matter Physics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10472","display_name":"Semiconductor materials and devices","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12529","display_name":"Ga2O3 and related materials","score":0.9994000196456909,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2504","display_name":"Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/25","display_name":"Materials Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/irradiation","display_name":"Irradiation","score":0.4935711622238159},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/proton","display_name":"Proton","score":0.482441246509552},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/materials-science","display_name":"Materials science","score":0.44102734327316284},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/degradation","display_name":"Degradation (telecommunications)","score":0.42584165930747986},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.3869840204715729},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optoelectronics","display_name":"Optoelectronics","score":0.3592471480369568},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/topology","display_name":"Topology (electrical circuits)","score":0.34603917598724365},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electrical-engineering","display_name":"Electrical engineering","score":0.25568872690200806},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.19460955262184143},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nuclear-physics","display_name":"Nuclear physics","score":0.11044430732727051},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.10195338726043701}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111337013","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2737837","display_name":"Irradiation","level":2,"score":0.4935711622238159},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C54516573","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2294","display_name":"Proton","level":2,"score":0.482441246509552},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.44102734327316284},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779679103","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5251805","display_name":"Degradation (telecommunications)","level":2,"score":0.42584165930747986},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.3869840204715729},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C49040817","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193091","display_name":"Optoelectronics","level":1,"score":0.3592471480369568},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C184720557","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7825049","display_name":"Topology (electrical circuits)","level":2,"score":0.34603917598724365},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.25568872690200806},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.19460955262184143},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185544564","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q81197","display_name":"Nuclear physics","level":1,"score":0.11044430732727051},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.10195338726043701},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/irps.2015.7112688","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/irps.2015.7112688","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2015 IEEE International Reliability Physics Symposium","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":26,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1966370851","https://openalex.org/W1968680506","https://openalex.org/W1977243407","https://openalex.org/W1977450210","https://openalex.org/W1984821127","https://openalex.org/W2016869862","https://openalex.org/W2036672757","https://openalex.org/W2041714088","https://openalex.org/W2065926013","https://openalex.org/W2066898362","https://openalex.org/W2076380026","https://openalex.org/W2086936395","https://openalex.org/W2087140466","https://openalex.org/W2089346110","https://openalex.org/W2103067995","https://openalex.org/W2119904503","https://openalex.org/W2120465859","https://openalex.org/W2123665191","https://openalex.org/W2136033905","https://openalex.org/W2145059528","https://openalex.org/W2147566111","https://openalex.org/W2155143395","https://openalex.org/W2159551223","https://openalex.org/W2165817627","https://openalex.org/W2170073878","https://openalex.org/W6666803218"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2792022317","https://openalex.org/W2534928293","https://openalex.org/W3013965153","https://openalex.org/W4378695524","https://openalex.org/W2035286355","https://openalex.org/W1974283415","https://openalex.org/W2036853086","https://openalex.org/W2029110214","https://openalex.org/W1985871717","https://openalex.org/W2000949875"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Using":[0],"quantitative":[1],"high-electron-mobility-transistors":[2],"(HEMTs)-based":[3],"defect":[4,136],"spectroscopy,":[5],"the":[6,69,109,140,144,163,174],"degradation":[7,151,169],"mechanisms":[8,170],"of":[9,94],"GaN":[10,36,110,134],"HEMTs":[11,37],"subjected":[12],"to":[13,18,53,64],"proton":[14,33,145],"irradiation":[15,34,120,146],"were":[16],"explored":[17],"understand":[19],"how":[20],"these":[21],"devices":[22],"would":[23],"operate":[24],"in":[25,35,57,108,122,127,139,147],"high":[26],"radiation":[27],"applications.":[28],"It":[29],"was":[30],"observed":[31],"that":[32,51,103,168,177],"caused":[38],"a":[39,54,92],"permanent":[40],"threshold":[41],"voltage":[42],"(V":[43],"<sub":[44,59,75,83,97,129,154],"xmlns:mml=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\"":[45,60,76,84,98,130,155],"xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\">T</sub>":[46,77,85,156],")":[47],"shift":[48],"(0.59":[49],"V)":[50],"led":[52],"30%":[55],"reduction":[56],"I":[58],"xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\">DS,":[61],"max</sub>":[62],"due":[63],"deep":[65],"traps":[66],"formed":[67],"near":[68],"valence":[70],"band":[71],"edge,":[72],"and":[73,176],"V":[74,82,90,153],"dispersion":[78],"(i.e.,":[79],"time-and":[80],"voltage-dependent":[81],"instability)":[86],"increased":[87],"by":[88],"~0.10":[89],"as":[91],"result":[93],"an":[95],"E":[96,128],"xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\">C</sub>":[99,131],"-0.72":[100],"eV":[101,133],"trap":[102],"is":[104],"most":[105],"likely":[106],"located":[107],"buffer":[111,135],"layer.":[112],"While":[113],"RF":[114],"accelerated":[115],"life":[116],"testing":[117],"with":[118],"no":[119],"exposure":[121],"previous":[123],"work":[124,149],"resulted":[125],"primarily":[126],"-0.57":[132],"formation/activation":[137],"localized":[138],"drain":[141],"access":[142],"region,":[143],"this":[148],"causes":[150],"through":[152,159],"shifts":[157],"mostly":[158],"trapping":[160],"effects":[161],"under":[162],"gate.":[164],"These":[165],"results":[166],"indicate":[167],"depend":[171],"strongly":[172],"on":[173],"stressors,":[175],"different":[178],"defects":[179],"can":[180],"cause":[181],"multiple":[182],"pathways":[183],"for":[184],"HEMT":[185],"degradation.":[186]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-01-13T01:12:25.745995","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
