{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4386211331","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/iolts59296.2023.10224887","title":"On the Facilitation of Voltage Over-Scaling and Minimization of Timing Errors in Floating-Point Multipliers","display_name":"On the Facilitation of Voltage Over-Scaling and Minimization of Timing Errors in Floating-Point Multipliers","publication_year":2023,"publication_date":"2023-07-03","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4386211331","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/iolts59296.2023.10224887"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/iolts59296.2023.10224887","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/iolts59296.2023.10224887","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2023 IEEE 29th International Symposium on On-Line Testing and Robust System Design (IOLTS)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","datacite"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://pureadmin.qub.ac.uk/ws/files/460646002/FPM_Low_Power_final.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5092705452","display_name":"Georgios Chatzitsompanis","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3358-7181"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210117802","display_name":"Institute of Electronics","ror":"https://ror.org/0299eyn73","country_code":"BG","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I24768866","https://openalex.org/I4210117802"]}],"countries":["BG"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Georgios Chatzitsompanis","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Electronics, Communications and Information Technology (ECIT), School of EEECS, Queen&#x0027;s University Belfast"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Electronics, Communications and Information Technology (ECIT), School of EEECS, Queen&#x0027;s University Belfast","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210117802"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5077501734","display_name":"Georgios Karakonstantis","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5693-8503"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210117802","display_name":"Institute of Electronics","ror":"https://ror.org/0299eyn73","country_code":"BG","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I24768866","https://openalex.org/I4210117802"]}],"countries":["BG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Georgios Karakonstantis","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Electronics, Communications and Information Technology (ECIT), School of EEECS, Queen&#x0027;s University Belfast"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Electronics, Communications and Information Technology (ECIT), School of EEECS, Queen&#x0027;s University Belfast","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210117802"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5092705452"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210117802"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.3947,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":3,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.60048033,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":96,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"7"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10363","display_name":"Low-power high-performance VLSI design","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10363","display_name":"Low-power high-performance VLSI design","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10558","display_name":"Advancements in Semiconductor Devices and Circuit Design","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10323","display_name":"Analog and Mixed-Signal Circuit Design","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7472861409187317},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/multiplier","display_name":"Multiplier (economics)","score":0.6920660734176636},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/floating-point","display_name":"Floating point","score":0.5927881598472595},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dynamic-voltage-scaling","display_name":"Dynamic voltage scaling","score":0.5701004266738892},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/voltage","display_name":"Voltage","score":0.5693235397338867},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pipeline","display_name":"Pipeline (software)","score":0.49756887555122375},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/scaling","display_name":"Scaling","score":0.49193501472473145},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/minification","display_name":"Minification","score":0.4787173271179199},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/critical-path-method","display_name":"Critical path method","score":0.45042526721954346},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electronic-circuit","display_name":"Electronic circuit","score":0.446618914604187},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/frequency-scaling","display_name":"Frequency scaling","score":0.436885267496109},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reduction","display_name":"Reduction (mathematics)","score":0.42612195014953613},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/floating-point-unit","display_name":"Floating-point unit","score":0.4246228337287903},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electronic-engineering","display_name":"Electronic engineering","score":0.3781468868255615},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/real-time-computing","display_name":"Real-time computing","score":0.3731731176376343},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.3625902533531189},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electrical-engineering","display_name":"Electrical engineering","score":0.16638922691345215},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.13111445307731628}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7472861409187317},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124584101","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1053266","display_name":"Multiplier (economics)","level":2,"score":0.6920660734176636},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C84211073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q117879","display_name":"Floating point","level":2,"score":0.5927881598472595},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776047111","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q632037","display_name":"Dynamic voltage scaling","level":3,"score":0.5701004266738892},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165801399","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25428","display_name":"Voltage","level":2,"score":0.5693235397338867},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C43521106","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2165493","display_name":"Pipeline (software)","level":2,"score":0.49756887555122375},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C99844830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q102441924","display_name":"Scaling","level":2,"score":0.49193501472473145},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C147764199","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6865248","display_name":"Minification","level":2,"score":0.4787173271179199},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115874739","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q825377","display_name":"Critical path method","level":2,"score":0.45042526721954346},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134146338","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1815901","display_name":"Electronic circuit","level":2,"score":0.446618914604187},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C157742956","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3237776","display_name":"Frequency scaling","level":3,"score":0.436885267496109},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111335779","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3454686","display_name":"Reduction (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.42612195014953613},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C110305270","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q733507","display_name":"Floating-point unit","level":3,"score":0.4246228337287903},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.3781468868255615},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79403827","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3988","display_name":"Real-time computing","level":1,"score":0.3731731176376343},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.3625902533531189},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.16638922691345215},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.13111445307731628},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C139719470","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39680","display_name":"Macroeconomics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C201995342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q682496","display_name":"Systems engineering","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/iolts59296.2023.10224887","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/iolts59296.2023.10224887","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2023 IEEE 29th International Symposium on On-Line Testing and Robust System Design (IOLTS)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pure.qub.ac.uk/portal:openaire/72555f02-c6a1-44d6-a378-2685c00e9cad","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://pure.qub.ac.uk/en/publications/72555f02-c6a1-44d6-a378-2685c00e9cad","pdf_url":"https://pureadmin.qub.ac.uk/ws/files/460646002/FPM_Low_Power_final.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402319","display_name":"Research Portal (Queen's University Belfast)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I126231945","host_organization_name":"Queen's University Belfast","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I126231945"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Chatzitsompanis, G & Karakonstantis, G 2023, On the facilitation of voltage over-scaling and minimization of timing errors in floating-point multipliers. in IEEE 29th International Symposium on On-Line Testing and Robust System Design (IOLTS 2023): Proceedings. International Symposium on On-Line Testing (IOLTS): Proceedings, Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc., 29th IEEE International Symposium on On-Line Testing and Robust System Design 2023, Chania, Greece, 03/07/2023. https://doi.org/10.1109/IOLTS59296.2023.10224887","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/conferenceObject"},{"id":"pmh:oai:zenodo.org:10213297","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IOLTS59296.2023.10224887","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400562","display_name":"Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I67311998","host_organization_name":"European Organization for Nuclear Research","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I67311998"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"IOLTS, 2023 IEEE 29th International Symposium on On-Line Testing and Robust System Design, Crete, Greece, 3-5 July 2023","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/conferencePaper"},{"id":"doi:10.5281/zenodo.10225875","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10225875","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400562","display_name":"Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I67311998","host_organization_name":"European Organization for Nuclear Research","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I67311998"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":null,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":""}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:pure.qub.ac.uk/portal:openaire/72555f02-c6a1-44d6-a378-2685c00e9cad","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://pure.qub.ac.uk/en/publications/72555f02-c6a1-44d6-a378-2685c00e9cad","pdf_url":"https://pureadmin.qub.ac.uk/ws/files/460646002/FPM_Low_Power_final.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402319","display_name":"Research Portal (Queen's University Belfast)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I126231945","host_organization_name":"Queen's University Belfast","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I126231945"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Chatzitsompanis, G & Karakonstantis, G 2023, On the facilitation of voltage over-scaling and minimization of timing errors in floating-point multipliers. in IEEE 29th International Symposium on On-Line Testing and Robust System Design (IOLTS 2023): Proceedings. International Symposium on On-Line Testing (IOLTS): Proceedings, Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc., 29th IEEE International Symposium on On-Line Testing and Robust System Design 2023, Chania, Greece, 03/07/2023. https://doi.org/10.1109/IOLTS59296.2023.10224887","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/conferenceObject"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","score":0.8299999833106995,"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4828203643","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"956090","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335254","funder_display_name":"Horizon 2020"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335254","display_name":"Horizon 2020","ror":null}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4386211331.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4386211331.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":37,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1663286480","https://openalex.org/W1736615913","https://openalex.org/W1983849809","https://openalex.org/W2020217519","https://openalex.org/W2032509816","https://openalex.org/W2048719801","https://openalex.org/W2057434193","https://openalex.org/W2062168107","https://openalex.org/W2075225430","https://openalex.org/W2112870827","https://openalex.org/W2115722171","https://openalex.org/W2121269218","https://openalex.org/W2135818967","https://openalex.org/W2141155482","https://openalex.org/W2151524276","https://openalex.org/W2168724907","https://openalex.org/W2178304595","https://openalex.org/W2346297475","https://openalex.org/W2511080099","https://openalex.org/W2613817144","https://openalex.org/W2761878354","https://openalex.org/W2765579439","https://openalex.org/W2766888159","https://openalex.org/W2770593197","https://openalex.org/W2792870517","https://openalex.org/W2883562199","https://openalex.org/W2884822385","https://openalex.org/W2889288618","https://openalex.org/W2913980322","https://openalex.org/W2914735673","https://openalex.org/W3113606433","https://openalex.org/W4230979891","https://openalex.org/W4236432903","https://openalex.org/W4242754029","https://openalex.org/W6664541758","https://openalex.org/W6677490153","https://openalex.org/W6759000023"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2541658314","https://openalex.org/W579454177","https://openalex.org/W3215589575","https://openalex.org/W2443567922","https://openalex.org/W2797902698","https://openalex.org/W1482601373","https://openalex.org/W2908265705","https://openalex.org/W2462751277","https://openalex.org/W2742555907","https://openalex.org/W1516141068"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Voltage":[0],"over-scaling":[1,117],"(VoS)":[2],"may":[3],"be":[4],"one":[5],"of":[6,48,61,132,167,219],"the":[7,46,71,130,147,158,165,203,216,220,230],"most":[8],"effective":[9],"power":[10,56,196],"reduction":[11],"approaches,":[12],"however,":[13,74],"it":[14],"makes":[15],"circuits":[16],"susceptible":[17,134],"to":[18,25,53,69,135,151,186,202,224],"timing":[19,40,63,136,174],"failures.":[20],"Various":[21],"techniques":[22],"were":[23,76],"proposed":[24],"facilitate":[26],"VoS":[27],"by":[28,122,222,228],"detecting":[29],"and":[30,33,39,55,95,193,226],"correcting":[31],"errors":[32,137],"moving":[34],"away":[35],"from":[36],"traditional":[37],"voltage":[38,116,200],"guardbands.":[41],"However,":[42],"such":[43,235],"approaches":[44,67],"require":[45],"addition":[47],"extra":[49],"redundant":[50],"hardware":[51],"leading":[52],"area":[54],"overheads,":[57],"especially":[58],"in":[59,92,234],"case":[60],"large":[62],"errors.":[64],"Recent,":[65],"complementary":[66],"tried":[68],"redesign":[70],"target":[72],"circuits,":[73],"they":[75],"not":[77],"yet":[78],"applied":[79,207],"on":[80],"complex":[81],"pipelined":[82,106],"architectures":[83],"like":[84],"floating":[85],"point":[86],"multiplier":[87,110],"which":[88],"is":[89,120],"extensively":[90],"used":[91,238],"neural":[93],"networks":[94],"other":[96],"popular":[97],"applications.":[98],"In":[99,141],"this":[100],"paper,":[101],"we":[102,170],"develop":[103],"a":[104,124,152,236],"low-power":[105],"floating-point":[107],"IEEE-754":[108],"compatible":[109],"that":[111,127,180,210],"can":[112,183,213],"operate":[113],"reliably":[114],"under":[115,138,161,197],"(VoS).":[118],"This":[119],"achieved":[121],"applying":[123],"path-shaping":[125],"approach":[126,212],"helps":[128],"minimize":[129],"number":[131],"paths":[133,149],"lower":[139],"voltages.":[140],"addition,":[142],"our":[143,168,181,211],"micro-architectural":[144],"modifications":[145],"isolate":[146],"critical":[148],"only":[150],"single":[153],"pipeline":[154],"stage,":[155],"thus":[156],"minimizing":[157],"error-prone":[159],"stages":[160],"VoS.":[162],"To":[163],"showcase":[164],"efficacy":[166],"approach,":[169],"perform":[171],"post-place":[172],"dynamic":[173],"analysis":[175,208],"using":[176],"various":[177],"benchmarks,":[178],"indicating":[179],"design":[182],"lead":[184],"up":[185,223],"171%":[187],"better":[188],"SNR,":[189],"80%":[190],"less":[191,195,199],"BER":[192],"36%":[194],"18%":[198],"compared":[201],"baseline":[204],"multiplier.":[205],"The":[206],"reveals":[209],"help":[214],"limit":[215],"erroneous":[217],"outputs":[218],"unit":[221],"74%":[225],"reduce":[227],"20%":[229],"multi-bit":[231],"error":[232],"probability,":[233],"widely":[237],"arithmetic":[239],"unit.":[240]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-03-20T23:20:44.827607","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
