{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7105645286","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ijcnn64981.2025.11229045","title":"Synthesizing Images on Perceptual Boundaries of ANNs for Uncovering Human Perceptual Variability on Facial Expressions","display_name":"Synthesizing Images on Perceptual Boundaries of ANNs for Uncovering Human Perceptual Variability on Facial Expressions","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-06-30","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7105645286","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ijcnn64981.2025.11229045"},"language":null,"primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/ijcnn64981.2025.11229045","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ijcnn64981.2025.11229045","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2025 International Joint Conference on Neural Networks (IJCNN)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Haotian Deng","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I3045169105","display_name":"Southern University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/049tv2d57","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I3045169105"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Haotian Deng","raw_affiliation_strings":["Southern University of Science and Technology,Department of Biomedical Engineering,Shenzhen,China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Southern University of Science and Technology,Department of Biomedical Engineering,Shenzhen,China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3045169105"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Chi Zhang","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I3045169105","display_name":"Southern University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/049tv2d57","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I3045169105"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chi Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Southern University of Science and Technology,Department of Biomedical Engineering,Shenzhen,China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Southern University of Science and Technology,Department of Biomedical Engineering,Shenzhen,China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3045169105"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Chen Wei","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I3045169105","display_name":"Southern University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/049tv2d57","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I3045169105"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chen Wei","raw_affiliation_strings":["Southern University of Science and Technology,Department of Biomedical Engineering,Shenzhen,China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Southern University of Science and Technology,Department of Biomedical Engineering,Shenzhen,China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3045169105"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Quanying Liu","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I3045169105","display_name":"Southern University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/049tv2d57","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I3045169105"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Quanying Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Southern University of Science and Technology,Department of Biomedical Engineering,Shenzhen,China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Southern University of Science and Technology,Department of Biomedical Engineering,Shenzhen,China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3045169105"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3045169105"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":2.0178,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":1,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.90587097,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":91,"max":95},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"8"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10667","display_name":"Emotion and Mood Recognition","score":0.7878999710083008,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3205","display_name":"Experimental and Cognitive Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10667","display_name":"Emotion and Mood Recognition","score":0.7878999710083008,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3205","display_name":"Experimental and Cognitive Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11094","display_name":"Face Recognition and Perception","score":0.15929999947547913,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2805","display_name":"Cognitive Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13283","display_name":"Mental Health Research Topics","score":0.0052999998442828655,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3205","display_name":"Experimental and Cognitive Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/perception","display_name":"Perception","score":0.78329998254776},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/categorization","display_name":"Categorization","score":0.7749000191688538},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/facial-expression","display_name":"Facial expression","score":0.7207000255584717},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/emotion-perception","display_name":"Emotion perception","score":0.6514999866485596},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/similarity","display_name":"Similarity (geometry)","score":0.5072000026702881},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/face-perception","display_name":"Face perception","score":0.45350000262260437},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/emotional-expression","display_name":"Emotional expression","score":0.4440999925136566},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cognition","display_name":"Cognition","score":0.4341000020503998}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26760741","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q160402","display_name":"Perception","level":2,"score":0.78329998254776},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94124525","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q912550","display_name":"Categorization","level":2,"score":0.7749000191688538},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C195704467","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q327968","display_name":"Facial expression","level":2,"score":0.7207000255584717},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776141551","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16000087","display_name":"Emotion perception","level":3,"score":0.6514999866485596},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.5382000207901001},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C180747234","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23373","display_name":"Cognitive psychology","level":1,"score":0.5188000202178955},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C103278499","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q254465","display_name":"Similarity (geometry)","level":3,"score":0.5072000026702881},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C161657702","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q529895","display_name":"Face perception","level":3,"score":0.45350000262260437},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C143110190","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5373787","display_name":"Emotional expression","level":2,"score":0.4440999925136566},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169900460","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2200417","display_name":"Cognition","level":2,"score":0.4341000020503998},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C90559484","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q778379","display_name":"Expression (computer science)","level":2,"score":0.4320000112056732},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.40849998593330383},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.3901999890804291},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779304628","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3503480","display_name":"Face (sociological concept)","level":2,"score":0.349700003862381},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C28063669","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7167042","display_name":"Perceptual system","level":3,"score":0.3343999981880188},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C178253425","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q162668","display_name":"Visual perception","level":3,"score":0.2985999882221222},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C206310091","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q750859","display_name":"Emotion classification","level":2,"score":0.28870001435279846},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C42023084","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5249231","display_name":"Decision boundary","level":3,"score":0.2745000123977661},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.2728999853134155},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777438025","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1339090","display_name":"Emotion recognition","level":2,"score":0.2549999952316284},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C129484327","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q177603","display_name":"Social perception","level":3,"score":0.25459998846054077}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/ijcnn64981.2025.11229045","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ijcnn64981.2025.11229045","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2025 International Joint Conference on Neural Networks (IJCNN)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Peace, Justice and strong institutions","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16","score":0.49930182099342346}],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":22,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1588539311","https://openalex.org/W2057409323","https://openalex.org/W2626522798","https://openalex.org/W2911763550","https://openalex.org/W3085454133","https://openalex.org/W3092472394","https://openalex.org/W3108490213","https://openalex.org/W4310381212","https://openalex.org/W4320033069","https://openalex.org/W4323892465","https://openalex.org/W4382318631","https://openalex.org/W4385835571","https://openalex.org/W4386047807","https://openalex.org/W4386740843","https://openalex.org/W4387666878","https://openalex.org/W4390872822","https://openalex.org/W4390873784","https://openalex.org/W4404788825","https://openalex.org/W4405930300","https://openalex.org/W4409590675","https://openalex.org/W4411543200","https://openalex.org/W7104974288"],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"A":[0],"fundamental":[1],"challenge":[2],"in":[3,30,40,58,147,154],"affective":[4],"cognitive":[5],"science":[6],"is":[7],"to":[8,36,108],"develop":[9],"models":[10],"that":[11,78,82,113,138],"accurately":[12],"capture":[13],"the":[14,48,64,69,123,126],"relationship":[15],"between":[16,71,168,185],"external":[17],"emotional":[18,200],"stimuli":[19,112,141],"and":[20,73,171,174,189],"human":[21,41,74,94,132,148,176,190],"internal":[22],"experiences.":[23],"While":[24],"ANNs":[25,72],"have":[26],"demonstrated":[27],"remarkable":[28],"accuracy":[29],"facial":[31,79,110],"expression":[32,80,111],"recognition,":[33],"their":[34],"ability":[35],"model":[37],"inter-individual":[38],"differences":[39,57],"perception":[42],"remains":[43],"underexplored.":[44],"This":[45],"study":[46],"investigates":[47],"phenomenon":[49],"of":[50,125,199],"high":[51],"perceptual":[52,91,104,145,177,191],"variability\u2014where":[53],"individuals":[54],"exhibit":[55],"significant":[56],"emotion":[59,155],"categorization":[60],"even":[61],"when":[62],"viewing":[63],"same":[65],"stimulus.":[66],"Inspired":[67],"by":[68,158],"similarity":[70],"perception,":[75],"we":[76,100,165],"hypothesize":[77],"samples":[81,121],"are":[83],"ambiguous":[84,120],"for":[85],"ANN":[86,116,160,169,186],"classifiers":[87],"also":[88,142],"elicit":[89],"divergent":[90],"judgments":[92],"among":[93],"observers.":[95],"To":[96],"examine":[97],"this":[98],"hypothesis,":[99],"introduce":[101],"a":[102,182],"novel":[103],"boundary":[105],"sampling":[106],"method":[107],"generate":[109],"lie":[114],"along":[115],"decision":[117,187],"boundaries.":[118],"These":[119],"form":[122],"basis":[124],"varEmotion":[127],"dataset,":[128],"constructed":[129],"through":[130],"large-scale":[131],"behavioral":[133,163],"experiments.":[134],"Our":[135,179],"analysis":[136],"reveals":[137],"these":[139],"ANN-confusing":[140],"provoke":[143],"heightened":[144],"uncertainty":[146],"participants,":[149],"highlighting":[150],"shared":[151],"computational":[152],"principles":[153],"perception.":[156],"Finally,":[157],"fine-tuning":[159],"representations":[161],"using":[162],"data,":[164],"achieve":[166],"alignment":[167],"predictions":[170],"both":[172],"group-level":[173],"individual-level":[175],"patterns.":[178],"findings":[180],"establish":[181],"systematic":[183],"link":[184],"boundaries":[188],"variability,":[192],"offering":[193],"new":[194],"insights":[195],"into":[196],"personalized":[197],"modeling":[198],"interpretation.":[201]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-04-09T08:11:56.329763","created_date":"2025-11-14T00:00:00"}
