{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2166282676","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ijcnn.2006.247110","title":"Speaker Verification using 3-D ROC Curves for Increasing Imposter Rejections","display_name":"Speaker Verification using 3-D ROC Curves for Increasing Imposter Rejections","publication_year":2006,"publication_date":"2006-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2166282676","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ijcnn.2006.247110","mag":"2166282676"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/ijcnn.2006.247110","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ijcnn.2006.247110","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4363608754","display_name":"The 2006 IEEE International Joint Conference on Neural Network Proceedings","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"conference"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"The 2006 IEEE International Joint Conference on Neural Network Proceedings","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"conference-paper","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5111411815","display_name":"F.M. Ham","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I106959904","display_name":"Florida Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/04atsbb87","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I106959904"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"F.M. Ham","raw_affiliation_strings":["Florida Institute of Technology, Melbourne, FL, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Florida Institute of Technology, Melbourne, FL, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I106959904"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5078805804","display_name":"Ranjan Acharyya","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I106959904","display_name":"Florida Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/04atsbb87","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I106959904"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"R. Acharyya","raw_affiliation_strings":["Florida Institute of Technology, Melbourne, FL, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Florida Institute of Technology, Melbourne, FL, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I106959904"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5019501780","display_name":"Young\u2010Chan Lee","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3715-5279"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I106959904","display_name":"Florida Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/04atsbb87","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I106959904"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Young-Chan Lee","raw_affiliation_strings":["Florida Institute of Technology, Melbourne, FL, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Florida Institute of Technology, Melbourne, FL, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I106959904"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I106959904"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":5,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"30","issue":null,"first_page":"2561","last_page":"2565"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10201","display_name":"Speech Recognition and Synthesis","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10201","display_name":"Speech Recognition and Synthesis","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10860","display_name":"Speech and Audio Processing","score":0.9991999864578247,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11309","display_name":"Music and Audio Processing","score":0.9883999824523926,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/speech-recognition","display_name":"Speech recognition","score":0.675104558467865},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6744476556777954},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.6213847398757935},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/feature-extraction","display_name":"Feature extraction","score":0.613653302192688},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/receiver-operating-characteristic","display_name":"Receiver operating characteristic","score":0.6054924726486206},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/set","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","score":0.555499255657196},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.5390915274620056},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/feature","display_name":"Feature (linguistics)","score":0.49421289563179016},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/word","display_name":"Word (group theory)","score":0.48187384009361267},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mel-frequency-cepstrum","display_name":"Mel-frequency cepstrum","score":0.47717252373695374},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-neural-network","display_name":"Artificial neural network","score":0.4633519947528839},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/radial-basis-function","display_name":"Radial basis function","score":0.46317723393440247},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/test-set","display_name":"Test set","score":0.4494469165802002},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cepstrum","display_name":"Cepstrum","score":0.4169197678565979},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/function","display_name":"Function (biology)","score":0.41444793343544006},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.15998858213424683},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.12527132034301758}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C28490314","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189436","display_name":"Speech recognition","level":1,"score":0.675104558467865},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6744476556777954},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.6213847398757935},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C52622490","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1026626","display_name":"Feature extraction","level":2,"score":0.613653302192688},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C58471807","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q327120","display_name":"Receiver operating characteristic","level":2,"score":0.6054924726486206},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177264268","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1514741","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","level":2,"score":0.555499255657196},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.5390915274620056},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776401178","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12050496","display_name":"Feature (linguistics)","level":2,"score":0.49421289563179016},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C90805587","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10944557","display_name":"Word (group theory)","level":2,"score":0.48187384009361267},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151989614","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q440370","display_name":"Mel-frequency cepstrum","level":3,"score":0.47717252373695374},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50644808","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192776","display_name":"Artificial neural network","level":2,"score":0.4633519947528839},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98856871","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1588488","display_name":"Radial basis function","level":3,"score":0.46317723393440247},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169903167","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3985153","display_name":"Test set","level":2,"score":0.4494469165802002},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C88485024","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1054571","display_name":"Cepstrum","level":2,"score":0.4169197678565979},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C14036430","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3736076","display_name":"Function (biology)","level":2,"score":0.41444793343544006},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.15998858213424683},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.12527132034301758},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78458016","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q840400","display_name":"Evolutionary biology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/ijcnn.2006.247110","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ijcnn.2006.247110","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4363608754","display_name":"The 2006 IEEE International Joint Conference on Neural Network Proceedings","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"conference"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"The 2006 IEEE International Joint Conference on Neural Network Proceedings","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":19,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W955355846","https://openalex.org/W1515456194","https://openalex.org/W1538983967","https://openalex.org/W1546084299","https://openalex.org/W1557133539","https://openalex.org/W1570944911","https://openalex.org/W1578525639","https://openalex.org/W1901525073","https://openalex.org/W2059857061","https://openalex.org/W2126374175","https://openalex.org/W2150884987","https://openalex.org/W2161607695","https://openalex.org/W2162829244","https://openalex.org/W3151051426","https://openalex.org/W4251036056","https://openalex.org/W6630844901","https://openalex.org/W6632431132","https://openalex.org/W6633482676","https://openalex.org/W6634348083"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2100203012","https://openalex.org/W2353790262","https://openalex.org/W2018086531","https://openalex.org/W1980297060","https://openalex.org/W2387604097","https://openalex.org/W4385672897","https://openalex.org/W2373675101","https://openalex.org/W106160982","https://openalex.org/W2359140082","https://openalex.org/W2074132948"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"A":[0],"speaker":[1,94],"verification":[2,115],"system":[3],"(SVS)":[4],"is":[5,43],"developed":[6],"based":[7],"on":[8],"a":[9,36,112],"bank":[10],"of":[11,22,53,76],"radial":[12],"basis":[13],"function":[14],"(RBF)":[15],"neural":[16],"modules":[17],"(BRBFNM).":[18],"The":[19,108],"output":[20],"thresholds":[21],"the":[23,54,61,73,90],"RBF":[24],"networks":[25],"are":[26,67],"set":[27],"using":[28],"3-dimensional":[29],"receiver":[30],"operating":[31],"characteristic":[32],"(ROC)":[33],"curves.":[34],"Moreover,":[35],"customized":[37],"cepstral-based":[38],"feature":[39,65],"extraction":[40],"pre-processing":[41],"approach":[42],"used":[44,68,101],"at":[45],"each":[46],"module":[47],"to":[48,59,69,81],"select":[49],"only":[50],"those":[51],"features":[52],"speakers":[55,78],"that":[56],"will":[57],"contribute":[58],"enhancing":[60],"SVS's":[62],"performance.":[63],"These":[64],"vectors":[66],"train":[70],"and":[71,104],"test":[72],"BRBFNM.":[74],"Each":[75],"four":[77],"was":[79],"asked":[80],"speak":[82],"10":[83],"different":[84],"key":[85],"words":[86],"12":[87],"times.":[88],"From":[89],"479":[91],"signals":[92,99],"(one":[93],"missed":[95],"one":[96],"word),":[97],"279":[98],"were":[100],"for":[102,106],"training":[103],"200":[105],"testing.":[107],"BRBFNM":[109],"can":[110],"achieve":[111],"90.5%":[113],"correct":[114],"rate":[116],"(CVR),":[117],"thus":[118],"reducing":[119],"false":[120],"acceptances":[121],"(i.e.,":[122],"increasing":[123],"imposter":[124],"rejections).":[125]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-07-14T23:27:15.235271","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}