{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1505739892","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ijcnn.2005.1556308","title":"Comparison of a SOM based sequence analysis system and naive Bayesian classifier for spam filtering","display_name":"Comparison of a SOM based sequence analysis system and naive Bayesian classifier for spam filtering","publication_year":2006,"publication_date":"2006-01-05","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1505739892","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ijcnn.2005.1556308","mag":"1505739892"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/ijcnn.2005.1556308","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ijcnn.2005.1556308","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4363609022","display_name":"Proceedings. 2005 IEEE International Joint Conference on Neural Networks, 2005.","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"conference"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings. 2005 IEEE International Joint Conference on Neural Networks, 2005.","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5038978057","display_name":"Xiao Luo","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3649-9785"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I129902397","display_name":"Dalhousie University","ror":"https://ror.org/01e6qks80","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I129902397"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Xiao Luo","raw_affiliation_strings":["Faculty of Computer Science, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada","Fac. of Comput. Sci., Dalhousie Univ., Halifax, NS, Canada#TAB#"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Computer Science, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I129902397"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Fac. of Comput. Sci., Dalhousie Univ., Halifax, NS, Canada#TAB#","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I129902397"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5008462534","display_name":"A. Nur Zincir\u2010Heywood","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2796-7265"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I129902397","display_name":"Dalhousie University","ror":"https://ror.org/01e6qks80","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I129902397"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"N. Zincir-Heywood","raw_affiliation_strings":["Faculty of Computer Science, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada","Fac. of Comput. Sci., Dalhousie Univ., Halifax, NS, Canada#TAB#"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Computer Science, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I129902397"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Fac. of Comput. Sci., Dalhousie Univ., Halifax, NS, Canada#TAB#","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I129902397"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5038978057"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I129902397"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":3.9094,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":11,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.93684211,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":"4","issue":null,"first_page":"2571","last_page":"2576"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11644","display_name":"Spam and Phishing Detection","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11644","display_name":"Spam and Phishing Detection","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11550","display_name":"Text and Document Classification Technologies","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10400","display_name":"Network Security and Intrusion Detection","score":0.9976000189781189,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.8064096570014954},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/naive-bayes-classifier","display_name":"Naive Bayes classifier","score":0.7168529629707336},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/classifier","display_name":"Classifier (UML)","score":0.6214996576309204},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.6195447444915771},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bayesian-probability","display_name":"Bayesian probability","score":0.5433573722839355},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sequence","display_name":"Sequence (biology)","score":0.5016007423400879},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.4927573502063751},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/filter","display_name":"Filter (signal processing)","score":0.4767152667045593},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-mining","display_name":"Data mining","score":0.4709523618221283},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.450165331363678},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bag-of-words-model","display_name":"Bag-of-words model","score":0.4408622980117798},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/support-vector-machine","display_name":"Support vector machine","score":0.17857632040977478}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8064096570014954},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C52001869","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q812530","display_name":"Naive Bayes classifier","level":3,"score":0.7168529629707336},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C95623464","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1096149","display_name":"Classifier (UML)","level":2,"score":0.6214996576309204},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.6195447444915771},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107673813","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q812534","display_name":"Bayesian probability","level":2,"score":0.5433573722839355},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778112365","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3511065","display_name":"Sequence (biology)","level":2,"score":0.5016007423400879},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.4927573502063751},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C106131492","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3072260","display_name":"Filter (signal processing)","level":2,"score":0.4767152667045593},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124101348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q172491","display_name":"Data mining","level":1,"score":0.4709523618221283},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.450165331363678},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C13672336","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3460803","display_name":"Bag-of-words model","level":2,"score":0.4408622980117798},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C12267149","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q282453","display_name":"Support vector machine","level":2,"score":0.17857632040977478},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C54355233","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7162","display_name":"Genetics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/ijcnn.2005.1556308","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ijcnn.2005.1556308","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4363609022","display_name":"Proceedings. 2005 IEEE International Joint Conference on Neural Networks, 2005.","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"conference"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings. 2005 IEEE International Joint Conference on Neural Networks, 2005.","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":21,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W148103248","https://openalex.org/W1504008138","https://openalex.org/W1595724407","https://openalex.org/W1620204465","https://openalex.org/W1648885110","https://openalex.org/W1924689489","https://openalex.org/W1997081933","https://openalex.org/W2085302848","https://openalex.org/W2089923329","https://openalex.org/W2099606292","https://openalex.org/W2107555749","https://openalex.org/W2118020653","https://openalex.org/W2124776405","https://openalex.org/W2169384781","https://openalex.org/W2285257517","https://openalex.org/W2950095603","https://openalex.org/W4239906269","https://openalex.org/W6630221274","https://openalex.org/W6636378376","https://openalex.org/W6636944375","https://openalex.org/W6675957309"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2394466068","https://openalex.org/W3152580332","https://openalex.org/W4389581355","https://openalex.org/W4377970780","https://openalex.org/W1824099197","https://openalex.org/W4385992653","https://openalex.org/W1594281393","https://openalex.org/W4281766958","https://openalex.org/W2891503321","https://openalex.org/W3188049864"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,43,89],"problem":[1],"introduced":[2],"by":[3],"the":[4,26,39,72,93,99,105],"unsolicited":[5],"bulk":[6],"emails,":[7],"also":[8],"known":[9],"as":[10],"\"spam\"":[11],"generates":[12],"a":[13,29,48,56],"need":[14],"for":[15,38,108],"reliable":[16],"anti-spam":[17],"filters.":[18],"In":[19],"this":[20,69],"paper,":[21],"we":[22],"design":[23],"and":[24,83],"compare":[25,68],"performance":[27],"of":[28,63],"newly":[30],"designed":[31,59],"SOM":[32,49],"based":[33,46,50],"sequence":[34,65],"analysis":[35],"(SBSA)":[36],"system":[37,44,70,95],"spam":[40],"filtering":[41],"task.":[42],"is":[45,96,111],"on":[47],"sequential":[51],"data":[52],"representation":[53],"combined":[54],"with":[55,71],"kNN":[57],"classifier":[58],"to":[60,98],"make":[61],"use":[62],"word":[64],"information.":[66],"We":[67],"traditional":[73],"baseline":[74],"method":[75],"naive":[76,100],"Bayesian":[77,101],"filter.":[78],"Three":[79],"different":[80],"cost":[81,107],"scenarios":[82],"suitable":[84],"cost-sensitive":[85],"measurements":[86],"are":[87],"employed.":[88],"results":[90],"show":[91],"that":[92],"SBSA":[94],"superior":[97],"filter,":[102],"particularly":[103],"when":[104],"misclassification":[106],"non-spam":[109],"message":[110],"high.":[112]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
