{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7133306513","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ijcb65343.2025.11411152","title":"A Controllable 3D Deepfake Generation Framework with Gaussian Splatting","display_name":"A Controllable 3D Deepfake Generation Framework with Gaussian Splatting","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-09-08","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7133306513","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ijcb65343.2025.11411152"},"language":null,"primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/ijcb65343.2025.11411152","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ijcb65343.2025.11411152","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2025 IEEE International Joint Conference on Biometrics (IJCB)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5031084057","display_name":"W Liu","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I74801974","display_name":"The University of Tokyo","ror":"https://ror.org/057zh3y96","country_code":"JP","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I74801974"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Wending Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["The University of Tokyo"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"The University of Tokyo","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I74801974"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5114218309","display_name":"Siyun Liang","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I62916508","display_name":"Technical University of Munich","ror":"https://ror.org/02kkvpp62","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I62916508"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Siyun Liang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Technical University of Munich"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Technical University of Munich","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I62916508"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5127959829","display_name":"Huy H. Nguyen","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I184597095","display_name":"National Institute of Informatics","ror":"https://ror.org/04ksd4g47","country_code":"JP","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1319490839","https://openalex.org/I184597095","https://openalex.org/I4210158934"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Huy H. Nguyen","raw_affiliation_strings":["National Institute of Informatics"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Institute of Informatics","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I184597095"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5121583508","display_name":"Isao Echizen","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I74801974","display_name":"The University of Tokyo","ror":"https://ror.org/057zh3y96","country_code":"JP","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I74801974"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Isao Echizen","raw_affiliation_strings":["The University of Tokyo"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"The University of Tokyo","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I74801974"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5031084057"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I74801974"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.77229209,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"10"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10775","display_name":"Generative Adversarial Networks and Image Synthesis","score":0.3431999981403351,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10775","display_name":"Generative Adversarial Networks and Image Synthesis","score":0.3431999981403351,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11019","display_name":"Image Enhancement Techniques","score":0.29100000858306885,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10481","display_name":"Computer Graphics and Visualization Techniques","score":0.20999999344348907,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1704","display_name":"Computer Graphics and Computer-Aided Design"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/rendering","display_name":"Rendering (computer graphics)","score":0.5602999925613403},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/consistency","display_name":"Consistency (knowledge bases)","score":0.5514000058174133},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gaussian","display_name":"Gaussian","score":0.5498999953269958},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/generalization","display_name":"Generalization","score":0.5181999802589417},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/parametric-statistics","display_name":"Parametric statistics","score":0.424699991941452},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/image-editing","display_name":"Image editing","score":0.3984000086784363},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/focus","display_name":"Focus (optics)","score":0.382999986410141},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gaussian-process","display_name":"Gaussian process","score":0.3725999891757965}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8665000200271606},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205711294","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q176953","display_name":"Rendering (computer graphics)","level":2,"score":0.5602999925613403},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776436953","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5163215","display_name":"Consistency (knowledge bases)","level":2,"score":0.5514000058174133},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163716315","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q901177","display_name":"Gaussian","level":2,"score":0.5498999953269958},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177148314","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q170084","display_name":"Generalization","level":2,"score":0.5181999802589417},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.5126000046730042},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.4449999928474426},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C117251300","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1849855","display_name":"Parametric statistics","level":2,"score":0.424699991941452},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776674983","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q545981","display_name":"Image editing","level":3,"score":0.3984000086784363},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192209626","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190909","display_name":"Focus (optics)","level":2,"score":0.382999986410141},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C61326573","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1496376","display_name":"Gaussian process","level":3,"score":0.3725999891757965},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779304628","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3503480","display_name":"Face (sociological concept)","level":2,"score":0.3571999967098236},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776449333","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7928781","display_name":"View synthesis","level":3,"score":0.298799991607666},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C166550679","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q263400","display_name":"Gaussian network model","level":3,"score":0.2987000048160553},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3019007443","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q568742","display_name":"3d model","level":2,"score":0.28850001096725464},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C195704467","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q327968","display_name":"Facial expression","level":2,"score":0.2840000092983246},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.2802000045776367},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.27379998564720154},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778355321","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17079427","display_name":"Identity (music)","level":2,"score":0.27300000190734863},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.2702000141143799},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24574437","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7135228","display_name":"Parametric model","level":3,"score":0.2660999894142151},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779530757","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1207505","display_name":"Quality (philosophy)","level":2,"score":0.265500009059906},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121684516","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7600677","display_name":"Computer graphics (images)","level":1,"score":0.262800008058548},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779038628","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7248497","display_name":"Programming by demonstration","level":3,"score":0.2581999897956848},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C61224824","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2260434","display_name":"Mixture model","level":2,"score":0.25690001249313354},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C181095308","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1541599","display_name":"Geometric primitive","level":2,"score":0.2533999979496002}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/ijcb65343.2025.11411152","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ijcb65343.2025.11411152","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2025 IEEE International Joint Conference on Biometrics (IJCB)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":39,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1967554269","https://openalex.org/W2471962767","https://openalex.org/W2618530766","https://openalex.org/W2769666294","https://openalex.org/W2953513570","https://openalex.org/W2962785568","https://openalex.org/W2969985801","https://openalex.org/W2982058372","https://openalex.org/W3035574324","https://openalex.org/W3092709185","https://openalex.org/W3176990204","https://openalex.org/W3180794345","https://openalex.org/W3182714435","https://openalex.org/W4200150166","https://openalex.org/W4306178025","https://openalex.org/W4312253380","https://openalex.org/W4312326867","https://openalex.org/W4312421757","https://openalex.org/W4372283500","https://openalex.org/W4385318467","https://openalex.org/W4385490328","https://openalex.org/W4386075501","https://openalex.org/W4386075523","https://openalex.org/W4387343056","https://openalex.org/W4390874575","https://openalex.org/W4392903594","https://openalex.org/W4398226154","https://openalex.org/W4400205545","https://openalex.org/W4401277746","https://openalex.org/W4402354045","https://openalex.org/W4402753521","https://openalex.org/W4402753826","https://openalex.org/W4402754135","https://openalex.org/W4409263383","https://openalex.org/W4411406690","https://openalex.org/W4411625747","https://openalex.org/W4411625824","https://openalex.org/W4415798746","https://openalex.org/W7123968570"],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"We":[0,94],"propose":[1],"a":[2,22,47,97],"novel":[3,42],"3D":[4,10,25,146,154,174],"deepfake":[5,31,157],"generation":[6],"framework":[7],"based":[8],"on":[9,110],"Gaussian":[11,53,175],"Splatting":[12,176],"that":[13,33,117,172],"enables":[14],"realistic,":[15],"identity-preserving":[16],"face":[17],"swapping":[18],"and":[19,38,63,79,82,107,112,134,145,156,165],"reenactment":[20],"in":[21,71,127,141],"fully":[23],"controllable":[24],"space.":[26],"Compared":[27],"to":[28,41,55,87,100,123],"conventional":[29],"2D":[30,85,125],"approaches":[32,126],"suffer":[34],"from":[35],"geometric":[36],"inconsistencies":[37],"limited":[39],"generalization":[40],"view,":[43],"our":[44,118],"method":[45,119],"combines":[46],"parametric":[48],"head":[49,78],"model":[50],"with":[51],"dynamic":[52],"representations":[54],"support":[56],"multi-view":[57,142],"consistent":[58],"rendering,":[59],"precise":[60],"expression":[61,135],"control,":[62],"seamless":[64],"background":[65,80],"integration.":[66],"To":[67],"address":[68],"editing":[69],"challenges":[70],"point-based":[72],"representations,":[73],"we":[74],"explicitly":[75],"separate":[76],"the":[77,89,151,170],"Gaussians":[81],"use":[83],"pre-trained":[84],"guidance":[86],"optimize":[88],"facial":[90],"region":[91],"across":[92],"views.":[93],"further":[95],"introduce":[96],"repair":[98],"module":[99],"enhance":[101],"visual":[102,167],"consistency":[103],"under":[104],"extreme":[105],"poses":[106],"expressions.":[108],"Experiments":[109],"NeRSemble":[111],"additional":[113],"evaluation":[114],"videos":[115],"demonstrate":[116],"achieves":[120],"comparable":[121],"performance":[122],"state-of-the-art":[124],"identity":[128],"preservation,":[129],"as":[130,132],"well":[131],"pose":[133],"consistency,":[136],"while":[137],"significantly":[138],"outperforming":[139],"them":[140],"rendering":[143],"quality":[144],"consistency.":[147],"Our":[148],"approach":[149],"bridges":[150],"gap":[152],"between":[153],"modeling":[155],"synthesis,":[158],"enabling":[159],"new":[160],"directions":[161],"for":[162,181],"scene-aware,":[163],"controllable,":[164],"immersive":[166],"forgeries,":[168],"revealing":[169],"threat":[171],"emerging":[173],"technique":[177],"could":[178],"be":[179],"used":[180],"manipulation":[182],"attacks.":[183]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-03-05T07:30:30.508283","created_date":"2026-03-04T00:00:00"}
