{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7133330021","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ijcb65343.2025.11411112","title":"Unmasking the Audio Illusion: A Survey on Spoofing and Deepfake Detection","display_name":"Unmasking the Audio Illusion: A Survey on Spoofing and Deepfake Detection","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-09-08","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7133330021","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ijcb65343.2025.11411112"},"language":null,"primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/ijcb65343.2025.11411112","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ijcb65343.2025.11411112","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2025 IEEE International Joint Conference on Biometrics (IJCB)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5127925673","display_name":"Aarthi S","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I288749910","display_name":"Indian Institute of Science Education and Research, Bhopal","ror":"https://ror.org/02rb21j89","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I288749910"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Aarthi S","raw_affiliation_strings":["IISER,Trustworthy BiometraVision Lab,Bhopal,India"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"IISER,Trustworthy BiometraVision Lab,Bhopal,India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I288749910"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5111142762","display_name":"Akshay Agarwal","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I288749910","display_name":"Indian Institute of Science Education and Research, Bhopal","ror":"https://ror.org/02rb21j89","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I288749910"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Akshay Agarwal","raw_affiliation_strings":["IISER,Trustworthy BiometraVision Lab,Bhopal,India"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"IISER,Trustworthy BiometraVision Lab,Bhopal,India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I288749910"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5127925673"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I288749910"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.77292346,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"11"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10775","display_name":"Generative Adversarial Networks and Image Synthesis","score":0.2856999933719635,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10775","display_name":"Generative Adversarial Networks and Image Synthesis","score":0.2856999933719635,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10860","display_name":"Speech and Audio Processing","score":0.25589999556541443,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12357","display_name":"Digital Media Forensic Detection","score":0.1421000063419342,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/perception","display_name":"Perception","score":0.47679999470710754},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/spoofing-attack","display_name":"Spoofing attack","score":0.4738999903202057},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/deep-learning","display_name":"Deep learning","score":0.45989999175071716},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/audio-analyzer","display_name":"Audio analyzer","score":0.37610000371932983}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7587000131607056},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26760741","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q160402","display_name":"Perception","level":2,"score":0.47679999470710754},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C167900197","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11081100","display_name":"Spoofing attack","level":2,"score":0.4738999903202057},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108583219","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q197536","display_name":"Deep learning","level":2,"score":0.45989999175071716},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2522767166","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2374463","display_name":"Data science","level":1,"score":0.445499986410141},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.39570000767707825},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C160372630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4819855","display_name":"Audio analyzer","level":5,"score":0.37610000371932983},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C48103436","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q599031","display_name":"State (computer science)","level":2,"score":0.3028999865055084},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.26010000705718994},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.2590000033378601}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/ijcb65343.2025.11411112","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ijcb65343.2025.11411112","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2025 IEEE International Joint Conference on Biometrics (IJCB)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":52,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2134636830","https://openalex.org/W2402156731","https://openalex.org/W2972506132","https://openalex.org/W2973217961","https://openalex.org/W3083754600","https://openalex.org/W3093010840","https://openalex.org/W3114450173","https://openalex.org/W3186285959","https://openalex.org/W4205421468","https://openalex.org/W4224256913","https://openalex.org/W4225939199","https://openalex.org/W4241469901","https://openalex.org/W4285301843","https://openalex.org/W4291700706","https://openalex.org/W4296069136","https://openalex.org/W4297841787","https://openalex.org/W4297841819","https://openalex.org/W4298394324","https://openalex.org/W4298633873","https://openalex.org/W4298635755","https://openalex.org/W4312743281","https://openalex.org/W4319862723","https://openalex.org/W4360993864","https://openalex.org/W4381708595","https://openalex.org/W4382371735","https://openalex.org/W4385577110","https://openalex.org/W4385763728","https://openalex.org/W4385823506","https://openalex.org/W4386171319","https://openalex.org/W4387540674","https://openalex.org/W4387665604","https://openalex.org/W4390691474","https://openalex.org/W4392910532","https://openalex.org/W4398789263","https://openalex.org/W4402111361","https://openalex.org/W4402112473","https://openalex.org/W4402130146","https://openalex.org/W4402264376","https://openalex.org/W4402351686","https://openalex.org/W4403955716","https://openalex.org/W4403955819","https://openalex.org/W4404783388","https://openalex.org/W4406138340","https://openalex.org/W4406461271","https://openalex.org/W4406461681","https://openalex.org/W4408345737","https://openalex.org/W4409917641","https://openalex.org/W4410748035","https://openalex.org/W4411217876","https://openalex.org/W4412887958","https://openalex.org/W4412945617","https://openalex.org/W6884307667"],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"With":[0],"breakthroughs":[1],"in":[2,90],"deep":[3],"learning":[4],"algorithms,":[5,79],"the":[6,26,42,52,142],"practice":[7],"of":[8,25,29,48,113,118],"manipulating":[9],"audio":[10,31,63,92],"to":[11,38],"produce":[12],"believable":[13],"fakes":[14],"is":[15],"expanding":[16],"rapidly.":[17],"This":[18],"survey":[19],"paper":[20],"provides":[21],"a":[22,110],"comprehensive":[23],"overview":[24],"current":[27],"state":[28],"deepfake":[30,96,119],"research,":[32],"encompassing":[33,80],"generation":[34],"methods,":[35],"online":[36],"platforms":[37],"generate":[39],"fake":[40,49],"audio,":[41,50,120],"latest":[43],"detection":[44,78,117],"techniques,":[45,85],"human":[46,116],"perception":[47],"and":[51,65,72,83,86,106,126,138],"underlying":[53],"security":[54],"concerns.":[55],"We":[56,94,108],"examine":[57],"different":[58],"methods":[59],"for":[60,140],"speech":[61],"synthesis,":[62],"splicing,":[64],"voice":[66],"cloning,":[67],"pointing":[68],"out":[69],"their":[70,88],"advantages":[71],"disadvantages.":[73],"Furthermore,":[74],"we":[75,133],"investigate":[76],"various":[77],"supervised,":[81],"unsupervised,":[82],"hybrid":[84],"assess":[87],"effectiveness":[89],"detecting":[91],"manipulation.":[93],"review":[95],"audio\u2019s":[97],"impacts,":[98],"including":[99],"possible":[100],"adverse":[101],"effects":[102],"on":[103],"reputation,":[104],"fraud,":[105],"misinformation.":[107],"present":[109],"concise":[111],"analysis":[112],"AI":[114],"versus":[115],"drawing":[121],"insights":[122],"from":[123],"existing":[124],"literature":[125],"validating":[127],"them":[128],"through":[129],"our":[130],"experiments.":[131],"Finally,":[132],"highlight":[134],"future":[135],"research":[136],"directions":[137],"recommendations":[139],"mitigating":[141],"societal":[143],"risks":[144],"associated":[145],"with":[146],"this":[147],"powerful":[148],"technology.":[149]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-03-05T07:30:30.508283","created_date":"2026-03-04T00:00:00"}