{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2016457130","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/iembs.2011.6091187","title":"A bio-impedance probe to assess liver steatosis during transplant surgery","display_name":"A bio-impedance probe to assess liver steatosis during transplant surgery","publication_year":2011,"publication_date":"2011-08-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2016457130","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/iembs.2011.6091187","mag":"2016457130","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22255410"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/iembs.2011.6091187","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/iembs.2011.6091187","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2011 Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Penny Probert Smith","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I40120149","display_name":"University of Oxford","ror":"https://ror.org/052gg0110","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I40120149"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I65644108","display_name":"Adam Smith Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/031tkkf47","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I65644108"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Penny Probert Smith","raw_affiliation_strings":["Dept of Engineering Science, Institute of Biomedical Engineering, University of Oxford, UK. penny.smith@eng.ox.ac.uk","Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Dept of Engineering Science, University of Oxford, UK"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dept of Engineering Science, Institute of Biomedical Engineering, University of Oxford, UK. penny.smith@eng.ox.ac.uk","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I65644108"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Dept of Engineering Science, University of Oxford, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I40120149"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101694167","display_name":"Fusheng You","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6963-068X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I9916479","display_name":"Air Force Medical University","ror":"https://ror.org/00ms48f15","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I9916479"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Fusheng You","raw_affiliation_strings":["4th Military Medical University, Xian, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"4th Military Medical University, Xian, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I9916479"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5024758048","display_name":"Thomas Vogel","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6389-9090"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I22465464","display_name":"University of M\u00fcnster","ror":"https://ror.org/00pd74e08","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I22465464"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I40120149","display_name":"University of Oxford","ror":"https://ror.org/052gg0110","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I40120149"]}],"countries":["DE","GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Thomas Vogel","raw_affiliation_strings":["Nuffield Department of Surgery, University of Oxford, UK","University of Munster, Germany"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Nuffield Department of Surgery, University of Oxford, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I40120149"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Munster, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I22465464"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101903670","display_name":"Michael Silva","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4575-3519"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210147381","display_name":"Oxford University Hospitals NHS Trust","ror":"https://ror.org/03h2bh287","country_code":"GB","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210147381"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Michael Silva","raw_affiliation_strings":["Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgical Department, Oxford Radcliffe Hospitals NHS Trust, UK"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgical Department, Oxford Radcliffe Hospitals NHS Trust, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210147381"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":3,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I40120149","https://openalex.org/I65644108"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":2,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.08399809,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":94},"biblio":{"volume":"27","issue":null,"first_page":"4792","last_page":"4795"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11778","display_name":"Electrical and Bioimpedance Tomography","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11778","display_name":"Electrical and Bioimpedance Tomography","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11932","display_name":"Wireless Body Area Networks","score":0.9987000226974487,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12279","display_name":"Body Composition Measurement Techniques","score":0.9980999827384949,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2737","display_name":"Physiology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/steatosis","display_name":"Steatosis","score":0.816897451877594},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/liver-steatosis","display_name":"Liver steatosis","score":0.5803439021110535},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/liver-transplantation","display_name":"Liver transplantation","score":0.5189794898033142},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electrical-impedance","display_name":"Electrical impedance","score":0.505673885345459},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/penetration-depth","display_name":"Penetration depth","score":0.4940031170845032},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/biomedical-engineering","display_name":"Biomedical engineering","score":0.492482990026474},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/liver-tissue","display_name":"Liver tissue","score":0.49017223715782166},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/penetration","display_name":"Penetration (warfare)","score":0.46519219875335693},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electrode","display_name":"Electrode","score":0.42077043652534485},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/medicine","display_name":"Medicine","score":0.4169689118862152},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/radiology","display_name":"Radiology","score":0.3258064389228821},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/surgery","display_name":"Surgery","score":0.3061375617980957},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pathology","display_name":"Pathology","score":0.24221017956733704},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transplantation","display_name":"Transplantation","score":0.23227325081825256},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/chemistry","display_name":"Chemistry","score":0.2106800079345703},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fatty-liver","display_name":"Fatty liver","score":0.20355677604675293},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/internal-medicine","display_name":"Internal medicine","score":0.17132017016410828},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optics","display_name":"Optics","score":0.13932064175605774},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.1203414797782898},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.11981707811355591},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electrical-engineering","display_name":"Electrical engineering","score":0.10781428217887878},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/operations-research","display_name":"Operations research","score":0.09927073121070862}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776175330","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1365091","display_name":"Steatosis","level":2,"score":0.816897451877594},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2908578062","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6058862","display_name":"Liver steatosis","level":4,"score":0.5803439021110535},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779609443","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1368191","display_name":"Liver transplantation","level":3,"score":0.5189794898033142},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17829176","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q179043","display_name":"Electrical impedance","level":2,"score":0.505673885345459},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C193493375","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1306232","display_name":"Penetration depth","level":2,"score":0.4940031170845032},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136229726","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q327092","display_name":"Biomedical engineering","level":1,"score":0.492482990026474},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2992176824","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9368","display_name":"Liver tissue","level":2,"score":0.49017223715782166},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C80107235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7162625","display_name":"Penetration (warfare)","level":2,"score":0.46519219875335693},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17525397","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q176140","display_name":"Electrode","level":2,"score":0.42077043652534485},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.4169689118862152},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126838900","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q77604","display_name":"Radiology","level":1,"score":0.3258064389228821},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C141071460","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q40821","display_name":"Surgery","level":1,"score":0.3061375617980957},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142724271","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7208","display_name":"Pathology","level":1,"score":0.24221017956733704},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2911091166","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q106419912","display_name":"Transplantation","level":2,"score":0.23227325081825256},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.2106800079345703},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778772119","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6058862","display_name":"Fatty liver","level":3,"score":0.20355677604675293},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126322002","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11180","display_name":"Internal medicine","level":1,"score":0.17132017016410828},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120665830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620","display_name":"Optics","level":1,"score":0.13932064175605774},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.1203414797782898},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.11981707811355591},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.10781428217887878},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C42475967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q194292","display_name":"Operations research","level":1,"score":0.09927073121070862},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C147789679","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11372","display_name":"Physical chemistry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779134260","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12136","display_name":"Disease","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000818","descriptor_name":"Animals","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000818","descriptor_name":"Animals","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000818","descriptor_name":"Animals","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D002417","descriptor_name":"Cattle","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D002417","descriptor_name":"Cattle","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D002417","descriptor_name":"Cattle","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005234","descriptor_name":"Fatty Liver","qualifier_ui":"Q000473","qualifier_name":"pathology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005234","descriptor_name":"Fatty Liver","qualifier_ui":"Q000473","qualifier_name":"pathology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005234","descriptor_name":"Fatty Liver","qualifier_ui":"Q000473","qualifier_name":"pathology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008962","descriptor_name":"Models, Theoretical","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008962","descriptor_name":"Models, Theoretical","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008962","descriptor_name":"Models, Theoretical","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D014180","descriptor_name":"Transplantation","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D014180","descriptor_name":"Transplantation","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D014180","descriptor_name":"Transplantation","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D017097","descriptor_name":"Electric Impedance","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D017097","descriptor_name":"Electric Impedance","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D017097","descriptor_name":"Electric Impedance","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D020342","descriptor_name":"Finite Element Analysis","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D020342","descriptor_name":"Finite Element Analysis","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D020342","descriptor_name":"Finite Element Analysis","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/iembs.2011.6091187","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/iembs.2011.6091187","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2011 Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmid:22255410","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22255410","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society. IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society. Annual International Conference","raw_type":null},{"id":"pmh:oai:ora.ox.ac.uk:uuid:54fc5d0a-a1f0-4426-bbd1-09cc9fbdad6d","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:54fc5d0a-a1f0-4426-bbd1-09cc9fbdad6d","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402636","display_name":"Oxford University Research Archive (ORA) (University of Oxford)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I40120149","host_organization_name":"University of Oxford","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I40120149"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Symplectic Elements at Oxford","raw_type":"Journal article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:ora.ox.ac.uk:uuid:a59b6b9c-1100-49d1-b26b-093a0e889ecb","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:a59b6b9c-1100-49d1-b26b-093a0e889ecb","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402636","display_name":"Oxford University Research Archive (ORA) (University of Oxford)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I40120149","host_organization_name":"University of Oxford","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I40120149"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Symplectic Elements at Oxford","raw_type":"Journal article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":12,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1509709168","https://openalex.org/W1970400562","https://openalex.org/W1981958194","https://openalex.org/W1998962655","https://openalex.org/W2001362342","https://openalex.org/W2012915243","https://openalex.org/W2018828957","https://openalex.org/W2037476844","https://openalex.org/W2060786748","https://openalex.org/W2069472142","https://openalex.org/W2158700077","https://openalex.org/W2513228678"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2045971819","https://openalex.org/W2980266418","https://openalex.org/W2410964673","https://openalex.org/W2041346919","https://openalex.org/W4234606896","https://openalex.org/W2801045257","https://openalex.org/W3013293140","https://openalex.org/W2061682185","https://openalex.org/W2783936905","https://openalex.org/W2400731290"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0],"work":[1],"addresses":[2],"the":[3,13,17,43,48,53,84,96,109],"design":[4],"of":[5,52,91],"a":[6,36,57,66,72,103],"bioimpedance":[7,25],"probe":[8,38,59,87,118],"to":[9,29,45,64],"assess":[10],"steatosis":[11],"on":[12,78,112],"exposed":[14,115],"liver":[15,20],"in":[16,102,108],"donor":[18],"during":[19],"transplant":[21],"surgery.":[22],"Whereas":[23],"typically":[24],"uses":[26],"needle":[27],"probes":[28],"avoid":[30],"surface":[31],"effects,":[32],"for":[33,106],"clinical":[34],"reasons":[35],"non-penetrative":[37],"is":[39,50,61,122],"required.":[40],"In":[41],"addition":[42],"need":[44],"ensure":[46,65],"that":[47],"measurement":[49,69,92],"representative":[51],"bulk":[54],"tissue":[55],"suggests":[56],"larger":[58],"than":[60],"normally":[62],"used":[63],"sufficiently":[67],"large":[68],"volume.":[70],"Using":[71],"simple":[73],"model,":[74],"simulations":[75],"and":[76,89,94,124],"tests":[77],"bovine":[79],"liver,":[80],"this":[81],"paper":[82],"investigates":[83,95],"relationship":[85],"between":[86],"dimensions":[88],"depth":[90],"penetration":[93],"accuracy":[97],"which":[98],"might":[99],"be":[100],"expected":[101],"configuration":[104],"suitable":[105],"use":[107],"operating":[110],"theatre":[111],"intact":[113],"but":[114],"livers.":[116],"A":[117],"using":[119],"ECG":[120],"electrodes":[121],"proposed":[123],"investigated.":[125]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-04-16T08:26:57.006410","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}