{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4385655808","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icton59386.2023.10207519","title":"High Efficiency and High-Speed Silicon Optical Modulators","display_name":"High Efficiency and High-Speed Silicon Optical Modulators","publication_year":2023,"publication_date":"2023-07-02","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4385655808","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icton59386.2023.10207519"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/icton59386.2023.10207519","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icton59386.2023.10207519","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2023 23rd International Conference on Transparent Optical Networks (ICTON)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5020931770","display_name":"David J. Thomson","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1838-2663"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I43439940","display_name":"University of Southampton","ror":"https://ror.org/01ryk1543","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I43439940"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"D. J. Thomson","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Southampton,Optoelectronics Research Centre,Southampton,UK","Optoelectronics Research Centre, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Southampton,Optoelectronics Research Centre,Southampton,UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I43439940"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Optoelectronics Research Centre, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I43439940"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100446736","display_name":"Weiwei Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1086-5775"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I43439940","display_name":"University of Southampton","ror":"https://ror.org/01ryk1543","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I43439940"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"W. Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Southampton,Optoelectronics Research Centre,Southampton,UK","Optoelectronics Research Centre, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Southampton,Optoelectronics Research Centre,Southampton,UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I43439940"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Optoelectronics Research Centre, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I43439940"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101808600","display_name":"Martin Ebert","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8811-1335"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I43439940","display_name":"University of Southampton","ror":"https://ror.org/01ryk1543","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I43439940"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"M. Ebert","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Southampton,Optoelectronics Research Centre,Southampton,UK","Optoelectronics Research Centre, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Southampton,Optoelectronics Research Centre,Southampton,UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I43439940"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Optoelectronics Research Centre, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I43439940"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5108925116","display_name":"K. Li","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I43439940","display_name":"University of Southampton","ror":"https://ror.org/01ryk1543","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I43439940"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"K. Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Southampton,Optoelectronics Research Centre,Southampton,UK","Optoelectronics Research Centre, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Southampton,Optoelectronics Research Centre,Southampton,UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I43439940"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Optoelectronics Research Centre, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I43439940"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5032157089","display_name":"Bigeng Chen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4925-2308"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I43439940","display_name":"University of Southampton","ror":"https://ror.org/01ryk1543","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I43439940"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"B. Chen","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Southampton,Optoelectronics Research Centre,Southampton,UK","Optoelectronics Research Centre, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Southampton,Optoelectronics Research Centre,Southampton,UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I43439940"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Optoelectronics Research Centre, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I43439940"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5107196041","display_name":"S. Liu","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I43439940","display_name":"University of Southampton","ror":"https://ror.org/01ryk1543","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I43439940"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"S. Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Southampton,Optoelectronics Research Centre,Southampton,UK","Optoelectronics Research Centre, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Southampton,Optoelectronics Research Centre,Southampton,UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I43439940"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Optoelectronics Research Centre, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I43439940"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5047813206","display_name":"Wei Cao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1431-7060"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I43439940","display_name":"University of Southampton","ror":"https://ror.org/01ryk1543","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I43439940"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"W. Cao","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Southampton,Optoelectronics Research Centre,Southampton,UK","Optoelectronics Research Centre, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Southampton,Optoelectronics Research Centre,Southampton,UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I43439940"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Optoelectronics Research Centre, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I43439940"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5028351873","display_name":"Fanfan Meng","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I43439940","display_name":"University of Southampton","ror":"https://ror.org/01ryk1543","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I43439940"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"F. Meng","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Southampton,Optoelectronics Research Centre,Southampton,UK","Optoelectronics Research Centre, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Southampton,Optoelectronics Research Centre,Southampton,UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I43439940"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Optoelectronics Research Centre, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I43439940"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5028878494","display_name":"Xingzhao Yan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2466-3015"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I43439940","display_name":"University of Southampton","ror":"https://ror.org/01ryk1543","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I43439940"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"X. Yan","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Southampton,Optoelectronics Research Centre,Southampton,UK","Optoelectronics Research Centre, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Southampton,Optoelectronics Research Centre,Southampton,UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I43439940"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Optoelectronics Research Centre, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I43439940"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5046141608","display_name":"Han Du","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7538-7789"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I43439940","display_name":"University of Southampton","ror":"https://ror.org/01ryk1543","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I43439940"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"H. Du","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Southampton,Optoelectronics Research Centre,Southampton,UK","Optoelectronics Research Centre, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Southampton,Optoelectronics Research Centre,Southampton,UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I43439940"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Optoelectronics Research Centre, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I43439940"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5061768394","display_name":"Mehdi Banakar","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9179-252X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I43439940","display_name":"University of Southampton","ror":"https://ror.org/01ryk1543","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I43439940"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"M. Banakar","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Southampton,Optoelectronics Research Centre,Southampton,UK","Optoelectronics Research Centre, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Southampton,Optoelectronics Research Centre,Southampton,UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I43439940"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Optoelectronics Research Centre, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I43439940"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5067225093","display_name":"D. T. Tran","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3838-9950"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I43439940","display_name":"University of Southampton","ror":"https://ror.org/01ryk1543","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I43439940"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"D. T. Tran","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Southampton,Optoelectronics Research Centre,Southampton,UK","Optoelectronics Research Centre, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Southampton,Optoelectronics Research Centre,Southampton,UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I43439940"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Optoelectronics Research Centre, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I43439940"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5074385591","display_name":"Callum G. Littlejohns","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7101-0447"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I43439940","display_name":"University of Southampton","ror":"https://ror.org/01ryk1543","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I43439940"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"C. G. Littlejohns","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Southampton,Optoelectronics Research Centre,Southampton,UK","Optoelectronics Research Centre, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Southampton,Optoelectronics Research Centre,Southampton,UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I43439940"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Optoelectronics Research Centre, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I43439940"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5059643393","display_name":"Graham T. Reed","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0002-5314-6604"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I43439940","display_name":"University of Southampton","ror":"https://ror.org/01ryk1543","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I43439940"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"G. T. Reed","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Southampton,Optoelectronics Research Centre,Southampton,UK","Optoelectronics Research Centre, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Southampton,Optoelectronics Research Centre,Southampton,UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I43439940"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Optoelectronics Research Centre, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I43439940"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":14,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5020931770"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I43439940"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.1337,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":1,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.43094822,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":91,"max":95},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"4"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10299","display_name":"Photonic and Optical Devices","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10299","display_name":"Photonic and Optical Devices","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10767","display_name":"Advanced Photonic Communication Systems","score":0.9991999864578247,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10232","display_name":"Optical Network Technologies","score":0.9991000294685364,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/silicon-photonics","display_name":"Silicon photonics","score":0.7789211273193359},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/silicon","display_name":"Silicon","score":0.6587927341461182},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/photonics","display_name":"Photonics","score":0.6211868524551392},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cmos","display_name":"CMOS","score":0.5863669514656067},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optical-modulator","display_name":"Optical modulator","score":0.5213262438774109},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5093146562576294},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/modulation","display_name":"Modulation (music)","score":0.4492826759815216},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optical-communication","display_name":"Optical communication","score":0.44020697474479675},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optical-switch","display_name":"Optical switch","score":0.4346848726272583},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electronic-engineering","display_name":"Electronic engineering","score":0.4088425040245056},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/materials-science","display_name":"Materials science","score":0.4084129333496094},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optoelectronics","display_name":"Optoelectronics","score":0.39778536558151245},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/phase-modulation","display_name":"Phase modulation","score":0.20020058751106262},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.17878136038780212},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.0917932391166687}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119423029","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3749103","display_name":"Silicon photonics","level":3,"score":0.7789211273193359},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C544956773","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q670","display_name":"Silicon","level":2,"score":0.6587927341461182},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C20788544","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q467054","display_name":"Photonics","level":2,"score":0.6211868524551392},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C46362747","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q173431","display_name":"CMOS","level":2,"score":0.5863669514656067},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C193690875","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q906767","display_name":"Optical modulator","level":4,"score":0.5213262438774109},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5093146562576294},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C123079801","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q750240","display_name":"Modulation (music)","level":2,"score":0.4492826759815216},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C129404179","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1469765","display_name":"Optical communication","level":2,"score":0.44020697474479675},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C101336846","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17105111","display_name":"Optical switch","level":2,"score":0.4346848726272583},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.4088425040245056},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.4084129333496094},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C49040817","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193091","display_name":"Optoelectronics","level":1,"score":0.39778536558151245},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C96834759","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q750463","display_name":"Phase modulation","level":3,"score":0.20020058751106262},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.17878136038780212},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0917932391166687},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C89631360","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1428766","display_name":"Phase noise","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24890656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q82811","display_name":"Acoustics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/icton59386.2023.10207519","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icton59386.2023.10207519","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2023 23rd International Conference on Transparent Optical Networks (ICTON)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","score":0.6399999856948853}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6284460527","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"EP/L021129/1","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334627","funder_display_name":"Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7790475835","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"EP/W035995/1","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334627","funder_display_name":"Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G838579410","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"EP/T019697/1","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334627","funder_display_name":"Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320006","display_name":"Royal Society","ror":"https://ror.org/03wnrjx87"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320300","display_name":"European Commission","ror":"https://ror.org/00k4n6c32"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334627","display_name":"Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council","ror":"https://ror.org/0439y7842"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":6,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1985793613","https://openalex.org/W2029131122","https://openalex.org/W2317816044","https://openalex.org/W2898151429","https://openalex.org/W4313467175","https://openalex.org/W4321369079"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2004137893","https://openalex.org/W2095448063","https://openalex.org/W2527131166","https://openalex.org/W3111305937","https://openalex.org/W587555549","https://openalex.org/W2296085454","https://openalex.org/W2472927059","https://openalex.org/W2989093732","https://openalex.org/W4232630919","https://openalex.org/W3021235062"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Optical":[0],"modulators":[1,32],"built":[2],"in":[3,25],"a":[4],"CMOS":[5],"compatible":[6],"silicon":[7,30],"photonics":[8],"platform":[9],"allow":[10],"the":[11,39],"potential":[12],"for":[13,37],"high":[14,26],"data":[15],"rate":[16],"communication":[17],"at":[18],"low":[19],"cost.":[20],"Here":[21],"our":[22],"recent":[23],"progress":[24],"efficiency":[27],"and":[28],"high-speed":[29],"optical":[31],"is":[33],"presented,":[34],"including":[35],"mechanisms":[36],"enhancing":[38],"performance":[40],"of":[41],"devices":[42],"beyond":[43],"previous":[44],"limitations.":[45]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
