{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2934227886","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icton.2019.8840217","title":"Virtual Machines Embedding for Cloud PON AWGR and Server Based Data Centres","display_name":"Virtual Machines Embedding for Cloud PON AWGR and Server Based Data Centres","publication_year":2019,"publication_date":"2019-07-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2934227886","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icton.2019.8840217","mag":"2934227886"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/icton.2019.8840217","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icton.2019.8840217","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2019 21st International Conference on Transparent Optical Networks (ICTON)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"preprint","indexed_in":["arxiv","crossref","datacite"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/1904.03298","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5057818102","display_name":"Randa A. T. Alani","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6865-687X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I130828816","display_name":"University of Leeds","ror":"https://ror.org/024mrxd33","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I130828816"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Randa A. T. Alani","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electronic and Electrical Engineering, University of Leeds, United Kingdom","School of Electronic and Electrical Engineering University of Leeds, LS2 9JT, United Kingdom"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electronic and Electrical Engineering, University of Leeds, United Kingdom","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I130828816"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electronic and Electrical Engineering University of Leeds, LS2 9JT, United Kingdom","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I130828816"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5090289685","display_name":"Taisir E. H. El-Gorashi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9744-1790"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I130828816","display_name":"University of Leeds","ror":"https://ror.org/024mrxd33","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I130828816"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Taisir E. H. El-Gorashi","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electronic and Electrical Engineering, University of Leeds, United Kingdom","School of Electronic and Electrical Engineering University of Leeds, LS2 9JT, United Kingdom"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electronic and Electrical Engineering, University of Leeds, United Kingdom","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I130828816"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electronic and Electrical Engineering University of Leeds, LS2 9JT, United Kingdom","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I130828816"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5088539425","display_name":"Jaafar M. H. Elmirghani","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3319-9103"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I130828816","display_name":"University of Leeds","ror":"https://ror.org/024mrxd33","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I130828816"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jaafar M. H. Elmirghani","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electronic and Electrical Engineering, University of Leeds, United Kingdom","School of Electronic and Electrical Engineering University of Leeds, LS2 9JT, United Kingdom"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electronic and Electrical Engineering, University of Leeds, United Kingdom","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I130828816"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electronic and Electrical Engineering University of Leeds, LS2 9JT, United Kingdom","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I130828816"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5057818102"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I130828816"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.03126025,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"8","issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"5"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10101","display_name":"Cloud Computing and Resource Management","score":0.9995999932289124,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10101","display_name":"Cloud Computing and Resource Management","score":0.9995999932289124,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10714","display_name":"Software-Defined Networks and 5G","score":0.9991000294685364,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10273","display_name":"IoT and Edge/Fog Computing","score":0.9984999895095825,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cloud-computing","display_name":"Cloud computing","score":0.7279422283172607},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/embedding","display_name":"Embedding","score":0.615738570690155},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6106128692626953},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cloud-server","display_name":"Cloud server","score":0.48424074053764343},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/operating-system","display_name":"Operating system","score":0.44450873136520386},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/database","display_name":"Database","score":0.3405194580554962},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.11196309328079224}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79974875","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q483639","display_name":"Cloud computing","level":2,"score":0.7279422283172607},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41608201","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q980509","display_name":"Embedding","level":2,"score":0.615738570690155},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6106128692626953},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2987335383","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q878048","display_name":"Cloud server","level":3,"score":0.48424074053764343},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.44450873136520386},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77088390","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8513","display_name":"Database","level":1,"score":0.3405194580554962},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.11196309328079224}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":6,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/icton.2019.8840217","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icton.2019.8840217","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2019 21st International Conference on Transparent Optical Networks (ICTON)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:1904.03298","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://arxiv.org/abs/1904.03298","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/1904.03298","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"text"},{"id":"mag:2934227886","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/1904.03298","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","raw_type":null},{"id":"pmh:oai:eprints.whiterose.ac.uk:144650","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://eprints.whiterose.ac.uk/144650/","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400854","display_name":"White Rose Research Online (University of Leeds, The University of Sheffield, University of York)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I2800616092","host_organization_name":"White Rose University Consortium","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2800616092"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Proceedings Paper"},{"id":"doi:10.48550/arxiv.1904.03298","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.1904.03298","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":null,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"article"},{"id":"mag:3171184917","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://eprints.whiterose.ac.uk/144650/","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":null,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:1904.03298","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://arxiv.org/abs/1904.03298","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/1904.03298","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"text"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2995055066","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"EP/K016873/1","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334627","funder_display_name":"Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5262573637","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"EP/D076676/1","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334627","funder_display_name":"Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6002839104","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"EP/H040536/1","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334627","funder_display_name":"Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334627","display_name":"Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council","ror":"https://ror.org/0439y7842"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2934227886.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2934227886.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":34,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1550184400","https://openalex.org/W1965147469","https://openalex.org/W1982827462","https://openalex.org/W2003629566","https://openalex.org/W2041596687","https://openalex.org/W2047026753","https://openalex.org/W2064124275","https://openalex.org/W2100902537","https://openalex.org/W2107828244","https://openalex.org/W2126210439","https://openalex.org/W2130531694","https://openalex.org/W2138128664","https://openalex.org/W2158247497","https://openalex.org/W2160335856","https://openalex.org/W2163187605","https://openalex.org/W2338704583","https://openalex.org/W2398955029","https://openalex.org/W2583511666","https://openalex.org/W2587852884","https://openalex.org/W2592004140","https://openalex.org/W2619145694","https://openalex.org/W2738618476","https://openalex.org/W2765796621","https://openalex.org/W2768175735","https://openalex.org/W2775876068","https://openalex.org/W2784643306","https://openalex.org/W2786786708","https://openalex.org/W2796365083","https://openalex.org/W2886055216","https://openalex.org/W2886353774","https://openalex.org/W2893480441","https://openalex.org/W2904030287","https://openalex.org/W2905819891","https://openalex.org/W4232093111"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2937320797","https://openalex.org/W2985529319","https://openalex.org/W2952349421","https://openalex.org/W3002154566","https://openalex.org/W2957921088","https://openalex.org/W2574917081","https://openalex.org/W2092168990","https://openalex.org/W2475326930","https://openalex.org/W2314426080","https://openalex.org/W1990162669","https://openalex.org/W2144369058","https://openalex.org/W3142658898","https://openalex.org/W2407138903","https://openalex.org/W2929146596"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Virtualization":[0],"is":[1],"one":[2],"of":[3,41,58,65,92],"the":[4,21,39,55,63],"most":[5],"active":[6],"areas":[7],"in":[8,45,77],"cloud":[9,43,59],"computing":[10],"networks":[11],"research.":[12],"Passive":[13],"Optical":[14],"Networks":[15],"(PONs)":[16],"provide":[17],"several":[18],"benefits":[19],"to":[20,89],"data":[22],"centres":[23],"such":[24],"as":[25],"low":[26,28],"cost,":[27],"energy":[29],"consumption":[30,57,79],"and":[31,48,83,95],"high":[32],"bandwidth.":[33],"In":[34],"this":[35],"study,":[36],"we":[37],"investigate":[38],"embedding":[40,91],"various":[42],"applications":[44],"PON":[46],"AWGR":[47],"Server":[49],"Based":[50],"Data":[51],"Centres.":[52],"We":[53],"optimize":[54],"power":[56,78],"applications'":[60],"placement":[61],"through":[62],"use":[64],"Mixed":[66],"Integer":[67],"Linear":[68],"Programming":[69],"(MILP).":[70],"The":[71],"results":[72],"show":[73],"that":[74],"a":[75],"reduction":[76],"by":[80],"24%,":[81],"22%":[82],"26%":[84],"can":[85],"be":[86],"achieved":[87],"compared":[88],"non-optimized":[90],"5,":[93],"10":[94],"15":[96],"VMs":[97],"respectively.":[98]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-03-21T08:13:44.787528","created_date":"2022-07-24T00:00:00"}
