{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2771250618","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ictc.2017.8191025","title":"Fuzzy C-means and spatial correlation based clustering for cooperative spectrum sensing","display_name":"Fuzzy C-means and spatial correlation based clustering for cooperative spectrum sensing","publication_year":2017,"publication_date":"2017-10-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2771250618","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ictc.2017.8191025","mag":"2771250618"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/ictc.2017.8191025","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ictc.2017.8191025","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2017 International Conference on Information and Communication Technology Convergence (ICTC)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5060293559","display_name":"Dost Muhammad Saqib Bhatti","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0204-8484"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I343975184","display_name":"Dawood University of Engineering and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/030xw6n96","country_code":"PK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I343975184"]}],"countries":["PK"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Dost Muhammad Saqib Bhatti","raw_affiliation_strings":["Dawood University of Engineering and Technology, Karachi, Pakistan"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dawood University of Engineering and Technology, Karachi, Pakistan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I343975184"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5084647474","display_name":"Bushra Shaikh","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4362-8813"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I343975184","display_name":"Dawood University of Engineering and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/030xw6n96","country_code":"PK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I343975184"]}],"countries":["PK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Bushra Shaikh","raw_affiliation_strings":["Dawood University of Engineering and Technology, Karachi, Pakistan"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dawood University of Engineering and Technology, Karachi, Pakistan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I343975184"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5015184417","display_name":"Syed Izhar Hussain Zaidi","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I343975184","display_name":"Dawood University of Engineering and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/030xw6n96","country_code":"PK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I343975184"]}],"countries":["PK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Syed Izhar Hussain Zaidi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Dawood University of Engineering and Technology, Karachi, Pakistan"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dawood University of Engineering and Technology, Karachi, Pakistan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I343975184"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5060293559"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I343975184"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.2432,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":9,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.83141786,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"486","last_page":"491"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10579","display_name":"Cognitive Radio Networks and Spectrum Sensing","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10579","display_name":"Cognitive Radio Networks and Spectrum Sensing","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12879","display_name":"Distributed Sensor Networks and Detection Algorithms","score":0.9973999857902527,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11447","display_name":"Blind Source Separation Techniques","score":0.9539999961853027,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fusion-center","display_name":"Fusion center","score":0.8270009756088257},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cognitive-radio","display_name":"Cognitive radio","score":0.8262999057769775},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cluster-analysis","display_name":"Cluster analysis","score":0.7582647800445557},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6851359605789185},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/overhead","display_name":"Overhead (engineering)","score":0.6181356906890869},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fuzzy-logic","display_name":"Fuzzy logic","score":0.5924655795097351},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/multipath-propagation","display_name":"Multipath propagation","score":0.5866357088088989},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cascading-style-sheets","display_name":"Cascading Style Sheets","score":0.5607659816741943},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/energy","display_name":"Energy (signal processing)","score":0.5304666757583618},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/spectrum","display_name":"Spectrum (functional analysis)","score":0.45468780398368835},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cluster","display_name":"Cluster (spacecraft)","score":0.4457726776599884},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/shadow-mapping","display_name":"Shadow mapping","score":0.43676045536994934},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/spatial-correlation","display_name":"Spatial correlation","score":0.42132440209388733},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/affinity-propagation","display_name":"Affinity propagation","score":0.4194737672805786},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fuzzy-clustering","display_name":"Fuzzy clustering","score":0.3970542848110199},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-mining","display_name":"Data mining","score":0.38764458894729614},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.35508644580841064},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.2833704650402069},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.24236077070236206},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.17585724592208862},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.12968069314956665},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cure-data-clustering-algorithm","display_name":"CURE data clustering algorithm","score":0.1245940625667572},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/statistics","display_name":"Statistics","score":0.10639902949333191},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wireless","display_name":"Wireless","score":0.0810728669166565}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781234732","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q943505","display_name":"Fusion center","level":4,"score":0.8270009756088257},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149946192","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3235733","display_name":"Cognitive radio","level":3,"score":0.8262999057769775},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C73555534","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q622825","display_name":"Cluster analysis","level":2,"score":0.7582647800445557},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6851359605789185},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779960059","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7113681","display_name":"Overhead (engineering)","level":2,"score":0.6181356906890869},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C58166","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q224821","display_name":"Fuzzy logic","level":2,"score":0.5924655795097351},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C161218011","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11827794","display_name":"Multipath propagation","level":3,"score":0.5866357088088989},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C93213560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q46441","display_name":"Cascading Style Sheets","level":3,"score":0.5607659816741943},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C186370098","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q442787","display_name":"Energy (signal processing)","level":2,"score":0.5304666757583618},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C156778621","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1365748","display_name":"Spectrum (functional analysis)","level":2,"score":0.45468780398368835},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C164866538","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q367351","display_name":"Cluster (spacecraft)","level":2,"score":0.4457726776599884},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C116544410","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1478122","display_name":"Shadow mapping","level":2,"score":0.43676045536994934},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C150060386","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7574054","display_name":"Spatial correlation","level":2,"score":0.42132440209388733},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C109659709","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3407504","display_name":"Affinity propagation","level":5,"score":0.4194737672805786},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17212007","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5511111","display_name":"Fuzzy clustering","level":3,"score":0.3970542848110199},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124101348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q172491","display_name":"Data mining","level":1,"score":0.38764458894729614},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.35508644580841064},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.2833704650402069},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.24236077070236206},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.17585724592208862},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.12968069314956665},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33704608","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5014717","display_name":"CURE data clustering algorithm","level":4,"score":0.1245940625667572},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.10639902949333191},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C555944384","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q249","display_name":"Wireless","level":2,"score":0.0810728669166565},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136764020","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q466","display_name":"World Wide Web","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127162648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16858953","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C21959979","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36774","display_name":"Web page","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/ictc.2017.8191025","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ictc.2017.8191025","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2017 International Conference on Information and Communication Technology Convergence (ICTC)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","score":0.8600000143051147,"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":24,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1991281892","https://openalex.org/W2030500923","https://openalex.org/W2031211320","https://openalex.org/W2032755072","https://openalex.org/W2048319003","https://openalex.org/W2058063871","https://openalex.org/W2061810404","https://openalex.org/W2101400895","https://openalex.org/W2103711480","https://openalex.org/W2127040151","https://openalex.org/W2131018050","https://openalex.org/W2134049434","https://openalex.org/W2140452629","https://openalex.org/W2145197862","https://openalex.org/W2157778521","https://openalex.org/W2165202277","https://openalex.org/W2295989064","https://openalex.org/W2338849079","https://openalex.org/W2394746845","https://openalex.org/W2507493185","https://openalex.org/W2510209540","https://openalex.org/W4232392508","https://openalex.org/W6697411811","https://openalex.org/W6725560443"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2109669601","https://openalex.org/W2586361040","https://openalex.org/W2129900551","https://openalex.org/W2031971174","https://openalex.org/W1980891906","https://openalex.org/W4387814619","https://openalex.org/W4288388713","https://openalex.org/W2103920878","https://openalex.org/W1806469503","https://openalex.org/W1980651798"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"A":[0],"cluster":[1,52],"formation":[2],"algorithm":[3,162],"is":[4,48,62,72,87],"proposed":[5,161],"to":[6,50,134,173],"save":[7],"the":[8,101,136,145,148,168],"wastage":[9],"of":[10,21,38,58,104,119,139,154],"energy":[11,165],"in":[12,17,115,158],"cooperative":[13],"spectrum":[14,63,70,105],"sensing":[15,46,128],"(CSS),":[16],"which":[18,116],"small":[19,164],"number":[20,37,118,153],"groups":[22],"called":[23],"clusters":[24],"are":[25,40,156],"made":[26],"using":[27],"fuzzy":[28],"c-means":[29],"(FCM).":[30],"Based":[31],"on":[32],"spatial":[33],"correlation,":[34],"only":[35],"limited":[36],"SUs":[39,120,155],"selected":[41],"from":[42],"each":[43,123],"cluster,":[44],"whose":[45],"information":[47,129],"forwarded":[49],"their":[51,127],"head":[53],"(CHs).":[54],"The":[55,160],"primary":[56],"goal":[57],"cognitive":[59],"radio":[60],"network":[61],"sensing,":[64],"that":[65,77,83],"determines":[66],"whether":[67],"a":[68,151],"particular":[69],"hole":[71],"free":[73],"or":[74],"not,":[75],"so":[76],"secondary":[78],"users":[79],"(SUs)":[80],"can":[81],"utilize":[82],"spectrum,":[84],"if":[85],"it":[86],"not":[88],"occupied.":[89],"Many":[90],"factors":[91],"such":[92],"as":[93,171],"shadowing":[94],"and":[95,125,166,175],"multipath":[96],"fading":[97],"problem":[98],"may":[99,143],"degrade":[100],"detection":[102],"performance":[103],"sensing.":[106,159],"To":[107],"overcome":[108],"these":[109],"problems":[110],"CSS":[111],"schemes":[112],"were":[113],"proposed,":[114],"different":[117],"collaborate":[121],"with":[122,130],"other":[124],"share":[126],"fusion":[131],"center":[132],"(FC)":[133],"make":[135],"final":[137],"decision":[138],"PU's":[140],"activity.":[141],"This":[142],"increase":[144],"overhead":[146],"for":[147],"FC":[149],"when":[150],"huge":[152],"involved":[157],"consumes":[163],"achieves":[167],"highest":[169],"efficiency":[170],"compare":[172],"non-clustering":[174],"conventional":[176],"clustering":[177],"techniques.":[178]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
