{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4401908291","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icst60714.2024.00035","title":"On the Coupling between Vulnerabilities and LLM-Generated Mutants: A Study on Vul4J Dataset","display_name":"On the Coupling between Vulnerabilities and LLM-Generated Mutants: A Study on Vul4J Dataset","publication_year":2024,"publication_date":"2024-05-27","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4401908291","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icst60714.2024.00035"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/icst60714.2024.00035","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icst60714.2024.00035","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2024 IEEE Conference on Software Testing, Verification and Validation (ICST)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5079315279","display_name":"Aayush Garg","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2507-8846"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I186903577","display_name":"University of Luxembourg","ror":"https://ror.org/036x5ad56","country_code":"LU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I186903577"]}],"countries":["LU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Aayush Garg","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Luxembourg"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Luxembourg","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I186903577"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5032855338","display_name":"Renzo Degiovanni","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1611-3969"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I186903577","display_name":"University of Luxembourg","ror":"https://ror.org/036x5ad56","country_code":"LU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I186903577"]}],"countries":["LU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Renzo Degiovanni","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Luxembourg"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Luxembourg","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I186903577"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5081145634","display_name":"Mike Papadakis","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1852-2547"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I186903577","display_name":"University of Luxembourg","ror":"https://ror.org/036x5ad56","country_code":"LU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I186903577"]}],"countries":["LU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mike Papadakis","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Luxembourg"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Luxembourg","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I186903577"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5040574362","display_name":"Yves Le Traon","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1045-4861"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I186903577","display_name":"University of Luxembourg","ror":"https://ror.org/036x5ad56","country_code":"LU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I186903577"]}],"countries":["LU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yves Le Traon","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Luxembourg"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Luxembourg","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I186903577"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":2.4458,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":8,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.89957072,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":98,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"305","last_page":"316"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11241","display_name":"Advanced Malware Detection Techniques","score":0.9954000115394592,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11241","display_name":"Advanced Malware Detection Techniques","score":0.9954000115394592,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10743","display_name":"Software Testing and Debugging Techniques","score":0.994700014591217,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1712","display_name":"Software"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11689","display_name":"Adversarial Robustness in Machine Learning","score":0.9876999855041504,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6006779670715332},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/coupling","display_name":"Coupling (piping)","score":0.5628916025161743},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/process","display_name":"Process (computing)","score":0.4833635687828064},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.1454923450946808},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/programming-language","display_name":"Programming language","score":0.12177309393882751}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6006779670715332},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C131584629","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4308705","display_name":"Coupling (piping)","level":2,"score":0.5628916025161743},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98045186","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q205663","display_name":"Process (computing)","level":2,"score":0.4833635687828064},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.1454923450946808},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.12177309393882751},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78519656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101333","display_name":"Mechanical engineering","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/icst60714.2024.00035","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icst60714.2024.00035","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2024 IEEE Conference on Software Testing, Verification and Validation (ICST)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":42,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W50729311","https://openalex.org/W163074494","https://openalex.org/W1543661381","https://openalex.org/W1563423869","https://openalex.org/W1858789614","https://openalex.org/W1877773550","https://openalex.org/W1996788431","https://openalex.org/W2003948571","https://openalex.org/W2008479535","https://openalex.org/W2025316954","https://openalex.org/W2049695835","https://openalex.org/W2098393750","https://openalex.org/W2135937266","https://openalex.org/W2167924718","https://openalex.org/W2466388701","https://openalex.org/W2473248416","https://openalex.org/W2592575641","https://openalex.org/W2616524285","https://openalex.org/W2788962378","https://openalex.org/W2907705732","https://openalex.org/W3086938529","https://openalex.org/W3091588759","https://openalex.org/W3098391866","https://openalex.org/W3098605233","https://openalex.org/W3160282589","https://openalex.org/W3160691259","https://openalex.org/W3183469243","https://openalex.org/W3195156628","https://openalex.org/W4206242116","https://openalex.org/W4250967164","https://openalex.org/W4281611258","https://openalex.org/W4281761463","https://openalex.org/W4282593910","https://openalex.org/W4284678181","https://openalex.org/W4296483261","https://openalex.org/W4310884918","https://openalex.org/W4378373509","https://openalex.org/W4378472049","https://openalex.org/W4388212716","https://openalex.org/W6773844766","https://openalex.org/W6787895855","https://openalex.org/W6839092711"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4391375266","https://openalex.org/W2748952813","https://openalex.org/W2390279801","https://openalex.org/W4391913857","https://openalex.org/W2358668433","https://openalex.org/W4396701345","https://openalex.org/W2376932109","https://openalex.org/W2001405890","https://openalex.org/W4396696052","https://openalex.org/W4402327032"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"With":[0],"the":[1,36,42,57,83,89,94,99,103,120,124,128,135,144,169,173,190,196,212,235,248,255],"release":[2],"of":[3,22,60,113,160,211,215,234,247],"powerful":[4],"language":[5],"models":[6],"trained":[7,14],"on":[8,15,168,189],"large":[9],"code":[10,38],"corpus":[11],"(e.g.,":[12],"CodeBERT,":[13],"6.4":[16],"million":[17],"programs),":[18],"a":[19],"new":[20],"family":[21],"mutation":[23],"testing":[24],"tools":[25],"has":[26],"arisen":[27],"that":[28,226],"promises":[29],"to":[30,64,86,205],"generate":[31],"more":[32],"\u201cnatural\u201d":[33],"mutants,":[34],"where":[35],"mutated":[37],"aims":[39],"at":[40],"following":[41],"implicit":[43],"rules":[44],"and":[45,63,91,97,244],"coding":[46],"conventions":[47],"produced":[48],"by":[49,182],"programmers.":[50],"In":[51],"this":[52],"paper,":[53],"we":[54,76,109,224],"empirically":[55],"study":[56],"observable":[58],"behavior":[59],"CodeBERT-generated":[61,153],"mutants":[62,90,118,133,154,166,184,187,201,229,240,250],"what":[65],"extent":[66],"are":[67,101,149,180,202,230,251],"these":[68,161],"coupled":[69,117,132,156,228,239,253],"with":[70,157,254],"software":[71],"vulnerabilities.":[72,145,256],"To":[73],"do":[74],"so,":[75],"carefully":[77],"analyze":[78],"45":[79,162],"reproducible":[80],"vulnerabilities":[81,92,163,179,207,216],"from":[82,208],"Vul4J":[84],"dataset":[85],"determine":[87],"whether":[88,98],"fail":[93,119,134,167,188],"same":[95,104,121,125,136,170,174,191,197],"tests":[96,122,137,171,192],"failures":[100],"for":[102,123,139,172,195],"reasons":[105,126],"or":[106],"not.":[107],"Hence,":[108],"define":[110],"different":[111,141],"degrees":[112],"vulnerability-coupling":[114],"classes.":[115],"Strongly":[116],"as":[127,143],"vulnerabilities,":[129],"while":[130,176],"test":[131,238],"but":[138,193],"some":[140],"reason":[142],"Partial":[146],"coupling":[147],"classes":[148],"also":[150],"considered.":[151],"Overall,":[152],"strongly":[155,227],"32":[158],"out":[159,210],"(i.e.":[164,185],"The":[165,186],"reasons),":[175],"another":[177],"7":[178],"test-coupled":[181],"CodeBERT":[183,200],"not":[194,252],"reasons).":[198],"Interestingly,":[199],"diverse":[203],"enough":[204],"couple":[206],"14":[209],"15":[213],"types":[214],"explored,":[217],"i.e.,":[218],"CWEs":[219],"(Common":[220],"Weakness":[221],"Enumeration).":[222],"Finally,":[223],"observe":[225],"scarce":[231],"(1.17":[232],"%":[233,246],"killable":[236,249],"mutants),":[237],"represent":[241],"7.2":[242],"%,":[243],"64.9":[245]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":6}],"updated_date":"2026-06-11T09:08:48.828518","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
