{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1969568289","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icsmc.2011.6084065","title":"Document sentences as a small world","display_name":"Document sentences as a small world","publication_year":2011,"publication_date":"2011-10-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1969568289","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icsmc.2011.6084065","mag":"1969568289"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/icsmc.2011.6084065","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icsmc.2011.6084065","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2011 IEEE International Conference on Systems, Man, and Cybernetics","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"conference-paper","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5080473462","display_name":"Helen Balinsky","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210139332","display_name":"Bristol Laboratories (United Kingdom)","ror":"https://ror.org/03bm3h723","country_code":"GB","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210139332"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210156325","display_name":"Hewlett-Packard (United Kingdom)","ror":"https://ror.org/05g4mtv59","country_code":"GB","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1324840837","https://openalex.org/I4210156325"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Helen Balinsky","raw_affiliation_strings":["Hewlett-Packard Laboratories, Bristol, UK","Hewlett Packard Laboratories Long Down Avenue, Stoke Gifford, Bristol, BS34 8QZ, United Kingdom"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Hewlett-Packard Laboratories, Bristol, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210156325"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Hewlett Packard Laboratories Long Down Avenue, Stoke Gifford, Bristol, BS34 8QZ, United Kingdom","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210139332","https://openalex.org/I4210156325"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5091025769","display_name":"Alexander Balinsky","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8151-4462"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I79510175","display_name":"Cardiff University","ror":"https://ror.org/03kk7td41","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I79510175"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Alexander Balinsky","raw_affiliation_strings":["Cardiff School of Mathematics, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK","Cardiff School of Mathematics, Cardiff University, CF24 4AG, United Kingdom"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Cardiff School of Mathematics, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I79510175"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Cardiff School of Mathematics, Cardiff University, CF24 4AG, United Kingdom","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I79510175"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5022519243","display_name":"Steven J. Simske","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1324840837","display_name":"Hewlett-Packard (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/059rn9488","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1324840837"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Steven Simske","raw_affiliation_strings":["Hewlett-Packard Laboratories, Fort Collins, CO, USA","Hewlett-Packard Laboratories, 3404 E. Harmony Rd. MS 36, Fort Collins, USA 80528"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Hewlett-Packard Laboratories, Fort Collins, CO, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1324840837"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Hewlett-Packard Laboratories, 3404 E. Harmony Rd. MS 36, Fort Collins, USA 80528","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1324840837"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.5505,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":24,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.69778296,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"2583","last_page":"2588"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10064","display_name":"Complex Network Analysis Techniques","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3109","display_name":"Statistical and Nonlinear Physics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10064","display_name":"Complex Network Analysis Techniques","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3109","display_name":"Statistical and Nonlinear Physics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11273","display_name":"Advanced Graph Neural Networks","score":0.9930999875068665,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12292","display_name":"Graph Theory and Algorithms","score":0.978600025177002,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/automatic-summarization","display_name":"Automatic summarization","score":0.8657737374305725},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7063113451004028},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/graph","display_name":"Graph","score":0.5422133207321167},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/theoretical-computer-science","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","score":0.4685436487197876},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ranking","display_name":"Ranking (information retrieval)","score":0.4375932514667511},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.34426453709602356}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C170858558","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1394144","display_name":"Automatic summarization","level":2,"score":0.8657737374305725},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7063113451004028},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C132525143","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141488","display_name":"Graph","level":2,"score":0.5422133207321167},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C80444323","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2878974","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","level":1,"score":0.4685436487197876},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C189430467","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7293293","display_name":"Ranking (information retrieval)","level":2,"score":0.4375932514667511},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.34426453709602356}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/icsmc.2011.6084065","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icsmc.2011.6084065","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2011 IEEE International Conference on Systems, Man, and Cybernetics","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:https://orca.cardiff.ac.uk:37138","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://orca.cardiff.ac.uk/id/eprint/37138/","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401195","display_name":"ORCA Online Research @Cardiff (Cardiff University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I79510175","host_organization_name":"Cardiff University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I79510175"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Conference or Workshop Item"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":13,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W19838944","https://openalex.org/W155417673","https://openalex.org/W1491844874","https://openalex.org/W1572272766","https://openalex.org/W2055098139","https://openalex.org/W2065303853","https://openalex.org/W2112090702","https://openalex.org/W2128678576","https://openalex.org/W2148606196","https://openalex.org/W2912647241","https://openalex.org/W4238452917","https://openalex.org/W4240420807","https://openalex.org/W6821617627"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2366403280","https://openalex.org/W1495108544","https://openalex.org/W2091301346","https://openalex.org/W3148229873","https://openalex.org/W2150160875","https://openalex.org/W4242223894","https://openalex.org/W1517524280","https://openalex.org/W4323520239","https://openalex.org/W4389760904","https://openalex.org/W402673672"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0],"this":[1,66],"paper":[2],"we":[3,74],"describe":[4],"the":[5,9,20,40,69,76,94,101,111,120,157],"possibility":[6,112],"of":[7,62,71,113,122,151,159],"constructing":[8],"well-known":[10],"small":[11,105,153],"world":[12,154],"topology":[13],"for":[14,136,156],"an":[15],"ordinary":[16],"document,":[17],"based":[18],"on":[19],"actual":[21],"document":[22,137],"structure.":[23],"Sentences":[24],"in":[25,108,127,133],"such":[26,90],"a":[27,57,80,85,91,104,149],"graph":[28,53,78,83,102],"are":[29,34,43],"represented":[30],"by":[31],"nodes,":[32],"which":[33],"connected":[35],"if":[36,39],"and":[37,125,140],"only":[38],"corresponding":[41],"sentences":[42,124],"neighbors":[44],"or":[45],"share":[46],"at":[47],"least":[48],"one":[49],"common":[50],"keyword.":[51],"This":[52,107],"is":[54,96],"built":[55],"using":[56],"carefully":[58],"selected":[59],"one-parameter":[60],"set":[61],"keywords.":[63],"By":[64],"varying":[65],"parameter":[67,95],"-":[68,73],"level":[70],"meaningfulness":[72],"transition":[75],"document-representing":[77],"from":[79],"trivial":[81],"path":[82],"into":[84],"large":[86],"random":[87],"graph.":[88],"During":[89],"conversion,":[92],"as":[93,148],"varied":[97],"over":[98],"its":[99],"range,":[100],"becomes":[103],"world.":[106],"turn":[109],"opens":[110],"applying":[114],"many":[115],"well-established":[116],"ranking":[117,123],"algorithms":[118],"to":[119],"problem":[121],"paragraphs":[126],"text":[128],"documents.":[129],"These":[130,143],"rankings":[131],"are,":[132],"turn,":[134],"crucial":[135],"understanding,":[138],"summarization":[139],"information":[141],"extraction.":[142],"graphs":[144,155],"can":[145],"also":[146],"serve":[147],"source":[150],"interesting":[152],"theory":[158],"complex":[160],"networks.":[161]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-07-29T14:22:42.915294","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
