{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2106817121","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icsmc.1989.71366","title":"Pre-marking methods for 3D object recognition","display_name":"Pre-marking methods for 3D object recognition","publication_year":2003,"publication_date":"2003-01-13","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2106817121","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icsmc.1989.71366","mag":"2106817121"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/icsmc.1989.71366","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icsmc.1989.71366","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Conference Proceedings., IEEE International Conference on Systems, Man and Cybernetics","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5022676648","display_name":"R. Safaee\u2010Rad","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I185261750","display_name":"University of Toronto","ror":"https://ror.org/03dbr7087","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I185261750"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"R. Safaee-Rad","raw_affiliation_strings":["Computer Integrated Manufacturing Laboratory, Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, ONT, Canada"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Computer Integrated Manufacturing Laboratory, Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, ONT, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I185261750"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5010515295","display_name":"B. Benhabib","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5097-3965"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I185261750","display_name":"University of Toronto","ror":"https://ror.org/03dbr7087","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I185261750"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"B. Benhabib","raw_affiliation_strings":["Computer Integrated Manufacturing Laboratory, Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, ONT, Canada"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Computer Integrated Manufacturing Laboratory, Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, ONT, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I185261750"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5037566914","display_name":"K.C. Smith","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7542-5607"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I185261750","display_name":"University of Toronto","ror":"https://ror.org/03dbr7087","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I185261750"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"K.C. Smith","raw_affiliation_strings":["Computer Integrated Manufacturing Laboratory, Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, ONT, Canada"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Computer Integrated Manufacturing Laboratory, Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, ONT, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I185261750"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101466837","display_name":"Ziheng Zhou","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0348-6486"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I185261750","display_name":"University of Toronto","ror":"https://ror.org/03dbr7087","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I185261750"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Z. Zhou","raw_affiliation_strings":["Computer Integrated Manufacturing Laboratory, Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, ONT, Canada"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Computer Integrated Manufacturing Laboratory, Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, ONT, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I185261750"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5022676648"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I185261750"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.5338,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":12,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.68302853,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":94},"biblio":{"volume":"ieci 24","issue":null,"first_page":"592","last_page":"595"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10638","display_name":"Optical measurement and interference techniques","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10638","display_name":"Optical measurement and interference techniques","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10191","display_name":"Robotics and Sensor-Based Localization","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10531","display_name":"Advanced Vision and Imaging","score":0.9994000196456909,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.7117317318916321},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/perspective","display_name":"Perspective (graphical)","score":0.709522545337677},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/object","display_name":"Object (grammar)","score":0.7061346173286438},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6495721340179443},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-vision","display_name":"Computer vision","score":0.632072389125824},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/perspective-distortion","display_name":"Perspective distortion","score":0.6311019659042358},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/distortion","display_name":"Distortion (music)","score":0.5734367370605469},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/feature-extraction","display_name":"Feature extraction","score":0.5388263463973999},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/euclidean-distance","display_name":"Euclidean distance","score":0.5237036943435669},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transformation","display_name":"Transformation (genetics)","score":0.5232685804367065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cognitive-neuroscience-of-visual-object-recognition","display_name":"Cognitive neuroscience of visual object recognition","score":0.5217236280441284},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/process","display_name":"Process (computing)","score":0.5070865154266357},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/class","display_name":"Class (philosophy)","score":0.4785333573818207},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.44000816345214844},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/image","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","score":0.32605472207069397}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.7117317318916321},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C12713177","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1900281","display_name":"Perspective (graphical)","level":2,"score":0.709522545337677},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781238097","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q175026","display_name":"Object (grammar)","level":2,"score":0.7061346173286438},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6495721340179443},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.632072389125824},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779989122","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q15889487","display_name":"Perspective distortion","level":3,"score":0.6311019659042358},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126780896","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q899871","display_name":"Distortion (music)","level":4,"score":0.5734367370605469},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C52622490","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1026626","display_name":"Feature extraction","level":2,"score":0.5388263463973999},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120174047","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q847073","display_name":"Euclidean distance","level":2,"score":0.5237036943435669},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204241405","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q461499","display_name":"Transformation (genetics)","level":3,"score":0.5232685804367065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C64876066","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5141226","display_name":"Cognitive neuroscience of visual object recognition","level":3,"score":0.5217236280441284},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98045186","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q205663","display_name":"Process (computing)","level":2,"score":0.5070865154266357},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777212361","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5127848","display_name":"Class (philosophy)","level":2,"score":0.4785333573818207},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.44000816345214844},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115961682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860623","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.32605472207069397},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C194257627","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q211554","display_name":"Amplifier","level":3,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55493867","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7094","display_name":"Biochemistry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104317684","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7187","display_name":"Gene","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776257435","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1576430","display_name":"Bandwidth (computing)","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/icsmc.1989.71366","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icsmc.1989.71366","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Conference Proceedings., IEEE International Conference on Systems, Man and Cybernetics","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":7,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W70783010","https://openalex.org/W1996773532","https://openalex.org/W2089733759","https://openalex.org/W2124535811","https://openalex.org/W2136363227","https://openalex.org/W2164116870","https://openalex.org/W3110180709"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2786887078","https://openalex.org/W3128004133","https://openalex.org/W2800536624","https://openalex.org/W2620715523","https://openalex.org/W2564409918","https://openalex.org/W3115594293","https://openalex.org/W2999630082","https://openalex.org/W343952165","https://openalex.org/W2046740589","https://openalex.org/W2043960970"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Two":[0],"premarking":[1,109],"methods":[2],"are":[3,76],"proposed":[4,108],"for":[5,92,105,146,159],"a":[6,28,52,153],"new":[7],"3D":[8],"object":[9,23],"recognition":[10,50],"system":[11],"under":[12],"development":[13],"at":[14],"the":[15,40,46,49,68,80,83,93,102,106,129,132,139,142,150],"University":[16],"of":[17,31,42,82,95,123,131,141,152,155],"Toronto.":[18],"In":[19],"this":[20],"system,":[21],"an":[22],"is":[24,55,90],"modeled":[25],"using":[26],"only":[27],"small":[29],"number":[30],"2D":[32],"distinct":[33],"perspective":[34,133],"views":[35,122],"(standard":[36],"views)":[37],"predefined":[38],"wit":[39],"help":[41],"markers":[43],"placed":[44],"on":[45,112],"object.":[47],"During":[48],"process,":[51],"standard":[53,121],"view":[54],"acquired":[56],"by":[57,78],"first":[58],"determining":[59],"its":[60,136],"surface":[61],"normal":[62],"(standard-view":[63],"axis),":[64],"and":[65,135,149],"then":[66],"aligning":[67],"camera's":[69],"optical":[70],"axis":[71],"with":[72],"it.":[73],"Standard-view":[74],"axes":[75],"obtained":[77],"analyzing":[79],"images":[81],"markers.":[84],"A":[85],"morphological":[86],"skeleton":[87],"transform":[88],"(MST)":[89],"used":[91,118],"extraction":[94],"required":[96,145],"marker":[97],"features.":[98],"This":[99],"work":[100],"presents":[101],"analytical":[103],"solution":[104],"two":[107],"schemes,":[110],"based":[111],"circular":[113],"markers,":[114],"that":[115],"can":[116],"be":[117],"in":[119],"acquiring":[120],"objects.":[124],"Specific":[125],"issues":[126],"addressed":[127],"include:":[128],"determination":[130,140],"distortion":[134],"relative":[137],"importance,":[138],"transformation":[143],"parameters":[144],"camera":[147],"alignment,":[148],"use":[151],"class":[154],"MST,":[156],"pseudo-Euclidean":[157],"skeletons,":[158],"feature":[160],"extraction.<":[161],"<ETX":[162],"xmlns:mml=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\"":[163],"xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\">&gt;</ETX>":[164]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}