{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1524310414","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icit.2015.7125331","title":"An imperceptible and robust audio steganography employing bit modification","display_name":"An imperceptible and robust audio steganography employing bit modification","publication_year":2015,"publication_date":"2015-03-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1524310414","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icit.2015.7125331","mag":"1524310414"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/icit.2015.7125331","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icit.2015.7125331","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2015 IEEE International Conference on Industrial Technology (ICIT)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5111236896","display_name":"K. Gopalan","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I117015748","display_name":"Purdue University Northwest","ror":"https://ror.org/04keq6987","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I117015748"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Kaliappan Gopalan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Purdue University Calumet, Hammond, IN, U.S.A","Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Purdue University Calumet, Hammond, IN 46323, U.S.A"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Purdue University Calumet, Hammond, IN, U.S.A","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I117015748"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Purdue University Calumet, Hammond, IN 46323, U.S.A","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I117015748"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5114734501","display_name":"Jiajun Fu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4819-3377"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I117015748","display_name":"Purdue University Northwest","ror":"https://ror.org/04keq6987","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I117015748"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jiajun Fu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Purdue University Calumet, Hammond, IN, U.S.A","Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Purdue University Calumet, Hammond, IN 46323, U.S.A"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Purdue University Calumet, Hammond, IN, U.S.A","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I117015748"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Purdue University Calumet, Hammond, IN 46323, U.S.A","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I117015748"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5111236896"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I117015748"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.3682,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":6,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.65997789,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":"97","issue":null,"first_page":"1635","last_page":"1638"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10388","display_name":"Advanced Steganography and Watermarking Techniques","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10388","display_name":"Advanced Steganography and Watermarking Techniques","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12357","display_name":"Digital Media Forensic Detection","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11309","display_name":"Music and Audio Processing","score":0.9958999752998352,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/steganography","display_name":"Steganography","score":0.9053878784179688},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/information-hiding","display_name":"Information hiding","score":0.817298173904419},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6742503046989441},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/robustness","display_name":"Robustness (evolution)","score":0.6410910487174988},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/embedding","display_name":"Embedding","score":0.6290779113769531},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/digital-watermarking","display_name":"Digital watermarking","score":0.6179490685462952},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/payload","display_name":"Payload (computing)","score":0.5586315393447876},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/index","display_name":"Index (typography)","score":0.41775181889533997},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.358461856842041},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.35655081272125244},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/speech-recognition","display_name":"Speech recognition","score":0.3441725969314575},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.09632086753845215},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/image","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","score":0.0591946542263031}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108801101","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q15032","display_name":"Steganography","level":3,"score":0.9053878784179688},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3073032","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q15912075","display_name":"Information hiding","level":3,"score":0.817298173904419},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6742503046989441},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C63479239","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7353546","display_name":"Robustness (evolution)","level":3,"score":0.6410910487174988},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41608201","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q980509","display_name":"Embedding","level":2,"score":0.6290779113769531},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C150817343","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q875932","display_name":"Digital watermarking","level":3,"score":0.6179490685462952},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134066672","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1424639","display_name":"Payload (computing)","level":3,"score":0.5586315393447876},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777382242","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6017816","display_name":"Index (typography)","level":2,"score":0.41775181889533997},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.358461856842041},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.35655081272125244},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C28490314","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189436","display_name":"Speech recognition","level":1,"score":0.3441725969314575},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.09632086753845215},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115961682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860623","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.0591946542263031},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136764020","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q466","display_name":"World Wide Web","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104317684","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7187","display_name":"Gene","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55493867","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7094","display_name":"Biochemistry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C158379750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q214111","display_name":"Network packet","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/icit.2015.7125331","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icit.2015.7125331","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2015 IEEE International Conference on Industrial Technology (ICIT)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":15,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W121860094","https://openalex.org/W1495679096","https://openalex.org/W1834808305","https://openalex.org/W2017550380","https://openalex.org/W2106069707","https://openalex.org/W2124510467","https://openalex.org/W2126134808","https://openalex.org/W2140118868","https://openalex.org/W2158955273","https://openalex.org/W2159390040","https://openalex.org/W4245919820","https://openalex.org/W4292013685","https://openalex.org/W6605041107","https://openalex.org/W6638734699","https://openalex.org/W6683418063"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3217722139","https://openalex.org/W4377927309","https://openalex.org/W3155443874","https://openalex.org/W2356840395","https://openalex.org/W3203504906","https://openalex.org/W2497446005","https://openalex.org/W2167554674","https://openalex.org/W3190769222","https://openalex.org/W2171676767","https://openalex.org/W4312890355"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Modification":[0],"of":[1,4,24,47,52,57,96,123],"bit":[2,26,45,85],"values":[3],"samples":[5,48,71],"in":[6,13,28,77,104],"accordance":[7],"with":[8,36,54,91],"data":[9,41,109],"to":[10,65,94],"be":[11,88],"embedded":[12],"audio":[14],"steganography":[15],"can":[16,87],"have":[17],"high":[18,55],"payload":[19],"at":[20,42],"low":[21,50],"complexity.":[22],"Index":[23],"the":[25,29,66,83,99,121,124],"modified":[27],"stego":[30],"signal,":[31],"however,":[32],"has":[33,49],"a":[34,43,75,105],"tradeoff":[35],"imperceptibility":[37,122],"and":[38,111,117],"robustness:":[39],"hiding":[40,110],"lower":[44],"index":[46,86],"audibility":[51],"change":[53,93],"susceptibility":[56],"being":[58],"affected":[59],"by":[60],"intentional":[61],"or":[62],"other":[63],"alterations":[64],"stego.":[67,97,125],"By":[68],"choosing":[69],"cover":[70],"that":[72,82],"are":[73],"above":[74],"threshold,":[76],"this":[78],"paper":[79],"we":[80],"show":[81],"embedding":[84,102],"raised":[89],"reasonably":[90],"minimal":[92],"noticeability":[95],"Additionally,":[98],"threshold":[100],"for":[101,108],"results":[103],"stronger":[106],"key":[107],"oblivious":[112],"retrieval.":[113],"Measures":[114],"using":[115],"spectrograms":[116],"spectral":[118],"distortion":[119],"confirm":[120]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
