{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2129709678","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icdar.1997.620674","title":"The function of documents","display_name":"The function of documents","publication_year":2002,"publication_date":"2002-11-22","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2129709678","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icdar.1997.620674","mag":"2129709678"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/icdar.1997.620674","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icdar.1997.620674","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the Fourth International Conference on Document Analysis and Recognition","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5003875781","display_name":"David Doermann","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1639-4561"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I66946132","display_name":"University of Maryland, College Park","ror":"https://ror.org/047s2c258","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I66946132"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"D. Doermann","raw_affiliation_strings":["Language and Media Processing Laboratory, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Language and Media Processing Laboratory, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I66946132"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5110520108","display_name":"Azriel Rosenfeld","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I66946132","display_name":"University of Maryland, College Park","ror":"https://ror.org/047s2c258","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I66946132"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"A. Rosenfeld","raw_affiliation_strings":["Language and Media Processing Laboratory, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Language and Media Processing Laboratory, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I66946132"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5024009299","display_name":"Ehud Rivlin","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I174306211","display_name":"Technion \u2013 Israel Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/03qryx823","country_code":"IL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I174306211"]}],"countries":["IL"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"E. Rivlin","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I174306211"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5003875781"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I66946132"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":4.5857,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":24,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.95153047,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":"2","issue":null,"first_page":"1077","last_page":"1081"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13083","display_name":"Advanced Text Analysis Techniques","score":0.9941999912261963,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13083","display_name":"Advanced Text Analysis Techniques","score":0.9941999912261963,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10215","display_name":"Semantic Web and Ontologies","score":0.9930999875068665,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13734","display_name":"Advanced Computational Techniques and Applications","score":0.9850999712944031,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.8121935725212097},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/information-retrieval","display_name":"Information retrieval","score":0.6965391635894775},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/set","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","score":0.5774015784263611},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/interpretation","display_name":"Interpretation (philosophy)","score":0.5679227709770203},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/function","display_name":"Function (biology)","score":0.5136001110076904},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/process","display_name":"Process (computing)","score":0.4962692856788635},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/space","display_name":"Space (punctuation)","score":0.48727095127105713},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/document-retrieval","display_name":"Document retrieval","score":0.448807954788208},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/taxonomy","display_name":"Taxonomy (biology)","score":0.41578489542007446},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/world-wide-web","display_name":"World Wide Web","score":0.3419483006000519},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/programming-language","display_name":"Programming language","score":0.0843435525894165}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8121935725212097},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C23123220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q816826","display_name":"Information retrieval","level":1,"score":0.6965391635894775},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177264268","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1514741","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","level":2,"score":0.5774015784263611},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C527412718","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q855395","display_name":"Interpretation (philosophy)","level":2,"score":0.5679227709770203},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C14036430","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3736076","display_name":"Function (biology)","level":2,"score":0.5136001110076904},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98045186","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q205663","display_name":"Process (computing)","level":2,"score":0.4962692856788635},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778572836","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q380933","display_name":"Space (punctuation)","level":2,"score":0.48727095127105713},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C161156560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1638872","display_name":"Document retrieval","level":2,"score":0.448807954788208},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C58642233","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8269924","display_name":"Taxonomy (biology)","level":2,"score":0.41578489542007446},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136764020","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q466","display_name":"World Wide Web","level":1,"score":0.3419483006000519},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0843435525894165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78458016","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q840400","display_name":"Evolutionary biology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C59822182","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q441","display_name":"Botany","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/icdar.1997.620674","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icdar.1997.620674","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the Fourth International Conference on Document Analysis and Recognition","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306078","display_name":"U.S. Department of Defense","ror":"https://ror.org/0447fe631"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":17,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1566193143","https://openalex.org/W1592735339","https://openalex.org/W2007680663","https://openalex.org/W2017766816","https://openalex.org/W2026973491","https://openalex.org/W2030005056","https://openalex.org/W2046481040","https://openalex.org/W2060565253","https://openalex.org/W2094549658","https://openalex.org/W2118030626","https://openalex.org/W2124054731","https://openalex.org/W2135164809","https://openalex.org/W2136767371","https://openalex.org/W2157231347","https://openalex.org/W2160700903","https://openalex.org/W2165992492","https://openalex.org/W4230250324"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4313320911","https://openalex.org/W4327743144","https://openalex.org/W2607424049","https://openalex.org/W4245077728","https://openalex.org/W4390922876","https://openalex.org/W3183204001","https://openalex.org/W4206302830","https://openalex.org/W2185941092","https://openalex.org/W4386782890","https://openalex.org/W3210948575"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0],"purpose":[1],"of":[2,10,47,50,60,69,77,83,91,115,131],"a":[3,48,84,113],"document":[4,26,61,85,103,117,137],"is":[5,19],"to":[6,15,23,65,127,134,140,145],"facilitate":[7],"the":[8,20,25,29,42,58,67,75,89,92,129,132],"transfer":[9],"information":[11,30,144],"from":[12],"its":[13,16,95],"author":[14,43],"readers.":[17],"It":[18],"author's":[21],"job":[22],"design":[24],"so":[27],"that":[28],"it":[31],"contains":[32],"can":[33,44,124],"be":[34,125],"interpreted":[35],"accurately":[36],"and":[37,71,98,105,119,139],"efficiently.":[38],"To":[39,107],"do":[40],"this,":[41],"make":[45],"use":[46],"set":[49],"stylistic":[51],"tools.":[52],"In":[53],"this":[54],"paper,":[55],"we":[56,111],"introduce":[57],"concept":[59],"functionality,":[62],"which":[63],"attempts":[64],"describe":[66],"roles":[68],"documents":[70],"their":[72],"components":[73,118],"in":[74,136,147],"process":[76],"transferring":[78],"information.":[79],"A":[80],"functional":[81,116,122],"description":[82],"provides":[86],"insight":[87],"into":[88,94,99],"type":[90],"document,":[93],"intended":[96],"uses,":[97],"strategies":[100],"for":[101],"automatic":[102],"interpretation":[104],"retrieval.":[106],"demonstrate":[108],"these":[109],"ideas,":[110],"define":[112],"taxonomy":[114],"show":[120],"how":[121],"descriptions":[123],"used":[126],"reverse-engineer":[128],"intentions":[130],"author,":[133],"navigate":[135],"space,":[138],"provide":[141],"important":[142],"contextual":[143],"aid":[146],"interpretation.":[148]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
