{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7131135049","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/iccvw69036.2025.00151","title":"WS 2 : Weakly Supervised Segmentation Using Before-After Supervision in Waste Sorting","display_name":"WS 2 : Weakly Supervised Segmentation Using Before-After Supervision in Waste Sorting","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-10-19","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7131135049","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/iccvw69036.2025.00151"},"language":null,"primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/iccvw69036.2025.00151","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/iccvw69036.2025.00151","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2025 IEEE/CVF International Conference on Computer Vision Workshops (ICCVW)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"conference-paper","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5075894201","display_name":"Andrea Marelli","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I93860229","display_name":"Politecnico di Milano","ror":"https://ror.org/01nffqt88","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I93860229"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Andrea Marelli","raw_affiliation_strings":["Politecnico di Milano,Italy"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Politecnico di Milano,Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I93860229"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5126627617","display_name":"Alberto Foresti","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1902872","display_name":"EURECOM","ror":"https://ror.org/00sse7z02","country_code":"FR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1902872","https://openalex.org/I205703379"]}],"countries":["FR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Alberto Foresti","raw_affiliation_strings":["EURECOM,France"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"EURECOM,France","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1902872"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5126608353","display_name":"Leonardo Pesce","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I93860229","display_name":"Politecnico di Milano","ror":"https://ror.org/01nffqt88","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I93860229"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Leonardo Pesce","raw_affiliation_strings":["Politecnico di Milano,Italy"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Politecnico di Milano,Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I93860229"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5006716646","display_name":"Giacomo Boracchi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1650-3054"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I93860229","display_name":"Politecnico di Milano","ror":"https://ror.org/01nffqt88","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I93860229"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Giacomo Boracchi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Politecnico di Milano,Italy"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Politecnico di Milano,Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I93860229"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5126601401","display_name":"Mario Grosso","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I93860229","display_name":"Politecnico di Milano","ror":"https://ror.org/01nffqt88","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I93860229"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mario Grosso","raw_affiliation_strings":["Politecnico di Milano,Italy"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Politecnico di Milano,Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I93860229"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.6355631,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1415","last_page":"1424"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10036","display_name":"Advanced Neural Network Applications","score":0.11810000240802765,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10036","display_name":"Advanced Neural Network Applications","score":0.11810000240802765,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12535","display_name":"Machine Learning and Data Classification","score":0.07129999995231628,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12072","display_name":"Machine Learning and Algorithms","score":0.051600001752376556,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/leverage","display_name":"Leverage (statistics)","score":0.7411999702453613},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/segmentation","display_name":"Segmentation","score":0.6766999959945679},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/benchmark","display_name":"Benchmark (surveying)","score":0.5052000284194946},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/market-segmentation","display_name":"Market segmentation","score":0.46399998664855957},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sorting","display_name":"Sorting","score":0.4390999972820282},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/variety","display_name":"Variety (cybernetics)","score":0.37310001254081726},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/supervised-learning","display_name":"Supervised learning","score":0.35269999504089355}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7610999941825867},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153083717","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6535263","display_name":"Leverage (statistics)","level":2,"score":0.7411999702453613},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.6967999935150146},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C89600930","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1423946","display_name":"Segmentation","level":2,"score":0.6766999959945679},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185798385","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1161707","display_name":"Benchmark (surveying)","level":2,"score":0.5052000284194946},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.4918999969959259},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C125308379","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q363057","display_name":"Market segmentation","level":2,"score":0.46399998664855957},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111696304","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2303697","display_name":"Sorting","level":2,"score":0.4390999972820282},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136197465","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1729295","display_name":"Variety (cybernetics)","level":2,"score":0.37310001254081726},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136389625","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q334384","display_name":"Supervised learning","level":3,"score":0.35269999504089355},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2987834672","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4677630","display_name":"Action recognition","level":3,"score":0.328000009059906},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.32690000534057617},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124504099","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q56933","display_name":"Image segmentation","level":3,"score":0.31619998812675476},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115901376","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q184199","display_name":"Automation","level":2,"score":0.29899999499320984},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.2939999997615814},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17020691","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q139677","display_name":"Operator (biology)","level":5,"score":0.26910001039505005},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C171268870","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1486676","display_name":"GRASP","level":2,"score":0.26649999618530273},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779530757","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1207505","display_name":"Quality (philosophy)","level":2,"score":0.2565000057220459},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C88548561","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q347599","display_name":"sort","level":2,"score":0.25369998812675476},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124101348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q172491","display_name":"Data mining","level":1,"score":0.25189998745918274}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/iccvw69036.2025.00151","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/iccvw69036.2025.00151","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2025 IEEE/CVF International Conference on Computer Vision Workshops (ICCVW)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":21,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2049118732","https://openalex.org/W2295107390","https://openalex.org/W2765793020","https://openalex.org/W2957775769","https://openalex.org/W2957947961","https://openalex.org/W2962858109","https://openalex.org/W3042790166","https://openalex.org/W3119437694","https://openalex.org/W3125080173","https://openalex.org/W3149531584","https://openalex.org/W3176482836","https://openalex.org/W3211490618","https://openalex.org/W4221153256","https://openalex.org/W4280635582","https://openalex.org/W4308236994","https://openalex.org/W4312439332","https://openalex.org/W4323925109","https://openalex.org/W4383108435","https://openalex.org/W4386113260","https://openalex.org/W4388812512","https://openalex.org/W4410589924"],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0,110],"industrial":[1],"quality":[2],"control,":[3],"to":[4,36,79,122,187],"visually":[5],"recognize":[6],"unwanted":[7,34,56],"items":[8,57],"within":[9],"a":[10,23,76,124,171,182],"moving":[11],"heterogeneous":[12],"stream,":[13],"human":[14],"operators":[15,27],"are":[16,74,107,209],"often":[17],"still":[18],"indispensable.":[19],"Waste-sorting":[20],"stands":[21],"as":[22,83],"significant":[24],"example,":[25],"where":[26],"on":[28,168,195],"multiple":[29],"conveyor":[30,172],"belts":[31],"manually":[32],"remove":[33],"objects":[35],"select":[37],"specific":[38],"materials.":[39],"To":[40,141],"automate":[41],"this":[42,81,111,145],"recognition":[43],"problem,":[44],"computer":[45],"vision":[46],"systems":[47],"offer":[48],"great":[49],"potential":[50],"in":[51,58,103,144,211],"accurately":[52],"identifying":[53],"and":[54,65,137,176],"segmenting":[55],"such":[59],"settings.":[60],"Unfortunately,":[61],"considering":[62],"the":[63,66,95,101,115,130,139,154,207,212],"multitude":[64],"variety":[67],"of":[68,117,159,170],"sorting":[69],"tasks,":[70],"fully":[71],"supervised":[72,91,192],"approaches":[73],"not":[75],"viable":[77],"option":[78],"address":[80],"challange,":[82],"they":[84],"require":[85],"extensive":[86],"labeling":[87],"efforts.":[88],"Surprisingly,":[89],"weakly":[90,191],"alternatives":[92],"that":[93],"leverage":[94],"implicit":[96],"supervision":[97],"naturally":[98],"provided":[99],"by":[100,127],"operator":[102],"his":[104],"removal":[105],"action":[106],"relatively":[108],"unexplored.":[109],"paper,":[112],"we":[113,147],"define":[114],"concept":[116],"Before-After":[118],"Supervision,":[119],"illustrating":[120],"how":[121],"train":[123],"segmentation":[125,151,193],"network":[126],"leveraging":[128],"only":[129],"visual":[131],"differences":[132],"between":[133],"images":[134],"acquired":[135],"before":[136],"after":[138],"operator.":[140],"promote":[142],"research":[143],"direction,":[146],"introduce":[148],"WS2(Weakly":[149],"Supervised":[150],"for":[152,202],"Waste-Sorting),":[153],"first":[155],"multi-view":[156],"dataset":[157,198],"consisting":[158],"more":[160],"than":[161],"11":[162],"000":[163],"high-resolution":[164],"video":[165],"frames":[166],"captured":[167],"top":[169],"belt,":[173],"including":[174],"\u201cbefore\u201d":[175],"\u201cafter\u201d":[177],"images.":[178],"We":[179],"also":[180],"present":[181],"robust":[183],"end-to-end":[184],"pipeline,":[185],"used":[186],"benchmark":[188],"several":[189],"state-of-the-art":[190],"methods":[194],"WS2.11The":[196],"WS2":[197],"is":[199],"publicly":[200],"available":[201],"download":[203],"at":[204],"https://zenodo.org/records/14793518,":[205],"all":[206],"details":[208],"reported":[210],"supplementary":[213],"material.":[214]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-08-21T09:56:20.448147","created_date":"2026-02-24T00:00:00"}