{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2988499426","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/iccv.2019.00462","title":"Neural Turtle Graphics for Modeling City Road Layouts","display_name":"Neural Turtle Graphics for Modeling City Road Layouts","publication_year":2019,"publication_date":"2019-10-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2988499426","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/iccv.2019.00462","mag":"2988499426"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/iccv.2019.00462","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/iccv.2019.00462","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2019 IEEE/CVF International Conference on Computer Vision (ICCV)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5102303167","display_name":"Hang Chu","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I185261750","display_name":"University of Toronto","ror":"https://ror.org/03dbr7087","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I185261750"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Hang Chu","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Toronto"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Toronto","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I185261750"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5038967947","display_name":"Daiqing Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5814-0872"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Daiqing Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["NVIDIA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"NVIDIA","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5030331254","display_name":"David Acuna","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I185261750","display_name":"University of Toronto","ror":"https://ror.org/03dbr7087","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I185261750"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"David Acuna","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Toronto"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Toronto","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I185261750"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5078831654","display_name":"Amlan Kar","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4540-6007"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I185261750","display_name":"University of Toronto","ror":"https://ror.org/03dbr7087","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I185261750"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Amlan Kar","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Toronto"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Toronto","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I185261750"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5046815284","display_name":"Maria Shugrina","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7583-6772"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I185261750","display_name":"University of Toronto","ror":"https://ror.org/03dbr7087","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I185261750"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Maria Shugrina","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Toronto"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Toronto","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I185261750"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5015851461","display_name":"Xinkai Wei","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I151746483","display_name":"University of Waterloo","ror":"https://ror.org/01aff2v68","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I151746483"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xinkai Wei","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Waterloo"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Waterloo","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I151746483"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100335542","display_name":"Mingyu Liu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3728-8274"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ming-Yu Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["NVIDIA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"NVIDIA","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5085020955","display_name":"Antonio Torralba","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4915-0256"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210109586","display_name":"Moscow Institute of Thermal Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/021es5e59","country_code":"RU","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210109586"]}],"countries":["RU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Antonio Torralba","raw_affiliation_strings":["MIT","-MIT"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"MIT","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210109586"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"-MIT","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210109586"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5070642269","display_name":"Sanja Fidler","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1040-3260"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1304085615","display_name":"Nvidia (United Kingdom)","ror":"https://ror.org/02kr42612","country_code":"GB","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1304085615","https://openalex.org/I4210127875"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I185261750","display_name":"University of Toronto","ror":"https://ror.org/03dbr7087","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I185261750"]}],"countries":["CA","GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sanja Fidler","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Toronto. NVIDIA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Toronto. NVIDIA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1304085615","https://openalex.org/I185261750"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":3,"institutions_distinct_count":9,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5102303167"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I185261750"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":8.1301,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":85,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.98169246,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13282","display_name":"Automated Road and Building Extraction","score":0.9991000294685364,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2212","display_name":"Ocean Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13282","display_name":"Automated Road and Building Extraction","score":0.9991000294685364,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2212","display_name":"Ocean Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11164","display_name":"Remote Sensing and LiDAR Applications","score":0.9979000091552734,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2305","display_name":"Environmental Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14339","display_name":"Image Processing and 3D Reconstruction","score":0.983299970626831,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7549934983253479},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/graphics","display_name":"Graphics","score":0.5319329500198364},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/graph","display_name":"Graph","score":0.528455913066864},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sketch","display_name":"Sketch","score":0.46889442205429077},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/generative-model","display_name":"Generative model","score":0.46127793192863464},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/node","display_name":"Node (physics)","score":0.45022812485694885},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/set","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","score":0.43828529119491577},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-graphics","display_name":"Computer graphics","score":0.43789488077163696},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.3770201802253723},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/generative-grammar","display_name":"Generative grammar","score":0.36773115396499634},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/theoretical-computer-science","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","score":0.224921315908432},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-graphics","display_name":"Computer graphics (images)","score":0.18876969814300537},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.15451198816299438},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.1105726957321167},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/programming-language","display_name":"Programming language","score":0.0845191478729248}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7549934983253479},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C21442007","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1027879","display_name":"Graphics","level":2,"score":0.5319329500198364},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C132525143","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141488","display_name":"Graph","level":2,"score":0.528455913066864},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779231336","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7534724","display_name":"Sketch","level":2,"score":0.46889442205429077},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C167966045","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5532625","display_name":"Generative model","level":3,"score":0.46127793192863464},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62611344","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1062658","display_name":"Node (physics)","level":2,"score":0.45022812485694885},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177264268","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1514741","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","level":2,"score":0.43828529119491577},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77660652","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q150971","display_name":"Computer graphics","level":2,"score":0.43789488077163696},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.3770201802253723},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39890363","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36108","display_name":"Generative grammar","level":2,"score":0.36773115396499634},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C80444323","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2878974","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","level":1,"score":0.224921315908432},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121684516","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7600677","display_name":"Computer graphics (images)","level":1,"score":0.18876969814300537},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.15451198816299438},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.1105726957321167},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0845191478729248},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C66938386","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q633538","display_name":"Structural engineering","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/iccv.2019.00462","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/iccv.2019.00462","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2019 IEEE/CVF International Conference on Computer Vision (ICCV)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/11","display_name":"Sustainable cities and communities","score":0.8199999928474426}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":63,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1522301498","https://openalex.org/W1559263939","https://openalex.org/W1903029394","https://openalex.org/W1924770834","https://openalex.org/W1975704226","https://openalex.org/W1981934656","https://openalex.org/W2016589492","https://openalex.org/W2038728278","https://openalex.org/W2046890933","https://openalex.org/W2053430767","https://openalex.org/W2074217677","https://openalex.org/W2080378521","https://openalex.org/W2117741646","https://openalex.org/W2122591777","https://openalex.org/W2154604972","https://openalex.org/W2155195832","https://openalex.org/W2183341477","https://openalex.org/W2194775991","https://openalex.org/W2234350292","https://openalex.org/W2463843416","https://openalex.org/W2559545830","https://openalex.org/W2609825896","https://openalex.org/W2780861787","https://openalex.org/W2786103815","https://openalex.org/W2792402990","https://openalex.org/W2795276939","https://openalex.org/W2798725844","https://openalex.org/W2798925380","https://openalex.org/W2804199516","https://openalex.org/W2806115886","https://openalex.org/W2902844262","https://openalex.org/W2949763629","https://openalex.org/W2951101948","https://openalex.org/W2962756421","https://openalex.org/W2962760235","https://openalex.org/W2963323244","https://openalex.org/W2963406768","https://openalex.org/W2963981733","https://openalex.org/W2964271403","https://openalex.org/W2979394918","https://openalex.org/W2982631194","https://openalex.org/W2998744962","https://openalex.org/W4205503054","https://openalex.org/W4241126086","https://openalex.org/W4289436753","https://openalex.org/W4294643831","https://openalex.org/W4297162533","https://openalex.org/W4301206121","https://openalex.org/W6631190155","https://openalex.org/W6633381163","https://openalex.org/W6640212811","https://openalex.org/W6678213350","https://openalex.org/W6745560452","https://openalex.org/W6748114039","https://openalex.org/W6748556633","https://openalex.org/W6749578362","https://openalex.org/W6749589925","https://openalex.org/W6752306858","https://openalex.org/W6756693096","https://openalex.org/W6760315812","https://openalex.org/W6761471682","https://openalex.org/W6762881109","https://openalex.org/W6765779288"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4365211920","https://openalex.org/W3014948380","https://openalex.org/W4380551139","https://openalex.org/W2280377497","https://openalex.org/W3174044702","https://openalex.org/W4238433571","https://openalex.org/W2967848559","https://openalex.org/W4283803360","https://openalex.org/W4317695495","https://openalex.org/W4387506531"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"We":[0,77],"propose":[1],"Neural":[2],"Turtle":[3],"Graphics":[4],"(NTG),":[5],"a":[6,29,49,55,61,92,118],"novel":[7],"generative":[8,51],"model":[9,52],"for":[10],"spatial":[11],"graphs,":[12],"and":[13,39,64,85],"demonstrate":[14],"its":[15],"applications":[16],"in":[17,33,41,137],"modeling":[18],"city":[19,122],"road":[20,26,45,108,123,143],"layouts.":[21],"Specifically,":[22],"we":[23],"represent":[24,36],"the":[25,34,42,74,121,132,154],"layout":[27,124],"using":[28,91],"graph":[30,35,43],"where":[31],"nodes":[32],"control":[37,104],"points":[38],"edges":[40],"represents":[44],"segments.":[46],"NTG":[47,79,134],"is":[48],"sequential":[50],"parameterized":[53],"by":[54],"neural":[56],"network.":[57],"It":[58],"iteratively":[59],"generates":[60],"new":[62],"node":[63,71],"an":[65,69,138],"edge":[66],"connecting":[67],"to":[68,103,116,125,130],"existing":[70,89,111],"conditioned":[72],"on":[73,80,153],"current":[75],"graph.":[76],"train":[78],"Open":[81],"Street":[82],"Map":[83],"data":[84],"show":[86,147],"it":[87,149],"outperforms":[88],"approaches":[90],"set":[93],"of":[94,106,120,141],"diverse":[95],"performance":[96,152],"metrics.":[97],"Moreover,":[98],"our":[99],"method":[100],"allows":[101],"users":[102],"styles":[105],"generated":[107],"layouts":[109],"mimicking":[110],"cities":[112],"as":[113,115],"well":[114],"sketch":[117],"part":[119],"be":[126],"synthesized.":[127],"In":[128],"addition":[129],"synthesis,":[131],"proposed":[133],"finds":[135],"uses":[136],"analytical":[139],"task":[140],"aerial":[142],"parsing.":[144],"Experimental":[145],"results":[146],"that":[148],"achieves":[150],"state-of-the-art":[151],"SpaceNet":[155],"dataset.":[156]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":11},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":20},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":16},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":21},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
