{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2066087320","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/hpec.2014.7040963","title":"Memory access optimized routing scheme for deep networks on a mobile coprocessor","display_name":"Memory access optimized routing scheme for deep networks on a mobile coprocessor","publication_year":2014,"publication_date":"2014-09-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2066087320","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/hpec.2014.7040963","mag":"2066087320"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/hpec.2014.7040963","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/hpec.2014.7040963","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2014 IEEE High Performance Extreme Computing Conference (HPEC)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5041525280","display_name":"Ay\u015feg\u00fcl D\u00fcndar","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2014-6325"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Aysegul Dundar","raw_affiliation_strings":["Weldon School of Biomedical Engineering, Purdue University","Weldon School of Biomedical Engineering, Purdue University, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Weldon School of Biomedical Engineering, Purdue University","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Weldon School of Biomedical Engineering, Purdue University, USA","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5109903566","display_name":"Jonghoon Jin","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I219193219","display_name":"Purdue University West Lafayette","ror":"https://ror.org/02dqehb95","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I219193219"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jonghoon Jin","raw_affiliation_strings":["Electrical and Computer Engineering, Purdue University","[Electrical and Computer Engineering, Purdue University, USA]"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Electrical and Computer Engineering, Purdue University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I219193219"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"[Electrical and Computer Engineering, Purdue University, USA]","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I219193219"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5056326889","display_name":"Vinayak Gokhale","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I219193219","display_name":"Purdue University West Lafayette","ror":"https://ror.org/02dqehb95","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I219193219"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Vinayak Gokhale","raw_affiliation_strings":["Electrical and Computer Engineering, Purdue University","[Electrical and Computer Engineering, Purdue University, USA]"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Electrical and Computer Engineering, Purdue University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I219193219"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"[Electrical and Computer Engineering, Purdue University, USA]","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I219193219"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5020187479","display_name":"Berin Martini","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Berin Martini","raw_affiliation_strings":["Weldon School of Biomedical Engineering, Purdue University","Weldon School of Biomedical Engineering, Purdue University, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Weldon School of Biomedical Engineering, Purdue University","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Weldon School of Biomedical Engineering, Purdue University, USA","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5056573998","display_name":"Eugenio Culurciello","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9918-3956"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I219193219","display_name":"Purdue University West Lafayette","ror":"https://ror.org/02dqehb95","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I219193219"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Eugenio Culurciello","raw_affiliation_strings":["Purdue University System, West Lafayette, IN, US","Weldon School of Biomedical Engineering, Purdue University, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Purdue University System, West Lafayette, IN, US","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I219193219"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Weldon School of Biomedical Engineering, Purdue University, USA","institution_ids":[]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5041525280"],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":2.9265,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":23,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.93060296,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10036","display_name":"Advanced Neural Network Applications","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10036","display_name":"Advanced Neural Network Applications","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10627","display_name":"Advanced Image and Video Retrieval Techniques","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10191","display_name":"Robotics and Sensor-Based Localization","score":0.9990000128746033,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.8492815494537354},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/routing","display_name":"Routing (electronic design automation)","score":0.6646429896354675},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/convolutional-neural-network","display_name":"Convolutional neural network","score":0.6248684525489807},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/coprocessor","display_name":"Coprocessor","score":0.5937689542770386},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/scheme","display_name":"Scheme (mathematics)","score":0.529646635055542},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/field-programmable-gate-array","display_name":"Field-programmable gate array","score":0.4517844617366791},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-architecture","display_name":"Computer architecture","score":0.42941510677337646},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hardware-acceleration","display_name":"Hardware acceleration","score":0.4215564727783203},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/triangular-routing","display_name":"Triangular routing","score":0.4207627475261688},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/embedded-system","display_name":"Embedded system","score":0.38021740317344666},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-hardware","display_name":"Computer hardware","score":0.3685266375541687},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/parallel-computing","display_name":"Parallel computing","score":0.3235410153865814},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dynamic-source-routing","display_name":"Dynamic Source Routing","score":0.2709580957889557},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/routing-protocol","display_name":"Routing protocol","score":0.1526918113231659},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.1463102102279663}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8492815494537354},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C74172769","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1446839","display_name":"Routing (electronic design automation)","level":2,"score":0.6646429896354675},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81363708","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17084460","display_name":"Convolutional neural network","level":2,"score":0.6248684525489807},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86111242","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q859595","display_name":"Coprocessor","level":2,"score":0.5937689542770386},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77618280","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1155772","display_name":"Scheme (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.529646635055542},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C42935608","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190411","display_name":"Field-programmable gate array","level":2,"score":0.4517844617366791},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118524514","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q173212","display_name":"Computer architecture","level":1,"score":0.42941510677337646},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C13164978","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q600158","display_name":"Hardware acceleration","level":3,"score":0.4215564727783203},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C22655229","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17143627","display_name":"Triangular routing","level":5,"score":0.4207627475261688},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149635348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193040","display_name":"Embedded system","level":1,"score":0.38021740317344666},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9390403","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3966","display_name":"Computer hardware","level":1,"score":0.3685266375541687},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C173608175","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q232661","display_name":"Parallel computing","level":1,"score":0.3235410153865814},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9659607","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1268903","display_name":"Dynamic Source Routing","level":4,"score":0.2709580957889557},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104954878","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1648707","display_name":"Routing protocol","level":3,"score":0.1526918113231659},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.1463102102279663},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134306372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7754","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/hpec.2014.7040963","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/hpec.2014.7040963","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2014 IEEE High Performance Extreme Computing Conference (HPEC)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.4300000071525574,"display_name":"Industry, innovation and infrastructure","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/9"}],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320309480","display_name":"Nvidia","ror":"https://ror.org/03jdj4y14"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320333591","display_name":"Multidisciplinary University Research Initiative","ror":null},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337345","display_name":"Office of Naval Research","ror":"https://ror.org/00rk2pe57"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":36,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W634004780","https://openalex.org/W753012316","https://openalex.org/W1530262073","https://openalex.org/W1534665966","https://openalex.org/W1904365287","https://openalex.org/W1968422655","https://openalex.org/W2014170934","https://openalex.org/W2022508996","https://openalex.org/W2029558134","https://openalex.org/W2044535169","https://openalex.org/W2053968820","https://openalex.org/W2063906779","https://openalex.org/W2086485856","https://openalex.org/W2092873362","https://openalex.org/W2096645269","https://openalex.org/W2109992539","https://openalex.org/W2112796928","https://openalex.org/W2113929681","https://openalex.org/W2117696986","https://openalex.org/W2119605622","https://openalex.org/W2125203716","https://openalex.org/W2139061569","https://openalex.org/W2144982973","https://openalex.org/W2148461049","https://openalex.org/W2153387583","https://openalex.org/W2153412052","https://openalex.org/W2162390675","https://openalex.org/W2162915993","https://openalex.org/W2163605009","https://openalex.org/W2164701340","https://openalex.org/W2618530766","https://openalex.org/W6653850402","https://openalex.org/W6676766825","https://openalex.org/W6682934876","https://openalex.org/W6683722107","https://openalex.org/W6684191040"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2160342394","https://openalex.org/W2154961667","https://openalex.org/W2987062793","https://openalex.org/W2141458065","https://openalex.org/W2024198963","https://openalex.org/W1994652506","https://openalex.org/W2139077369","https://openalex.org/W2435792570","https://openalex.org/W3147787617","https://openalex.org/W1732210391"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0],"this":[1],"paper,":[2],"we":[3],"present":[4],"a":[5,12,24,97,148],"memory":[6],"access":[7],"optimized":[8],"routing":[9,99,123,156],"scheme":[10,100,124,157],"for":[11,66,101],"hardware":[13,64,81,120],"accelerated":[14],"real-time":[15],"implementation":[16],"of":[17,29,32,41,73,79,107,110,144],"deep":[18],"convolutional":[19],"neural":[20],"networks":[21],"(DCNNs)":[22],"on":[23,127],"mobile":[25],"platform.":[26],"DCNNs":[27,55,111,145],"consist":[28],"multiple":[30],"layers":[31],"3D":[33,59,102],"convolutions,":[34],"each":[35],"comprising":[36],"between":[37],"tens":[38],"and":[39,43,68,77,140,146],"hundreds":[40],"filters":[42],"they":[44,69],"generate":[45],"the":[46,63,71,80,108,116,119,128,154],"most":[47],"expensive":[48],"operations":[49],"in":[50,76,118],"DCNNs.":[51,160],"Systems":[52],"that":[53],"run":[54],"need":[56],"to":[57,62,90,112],"pass":[58],"input":[60],"maps":[61],"accelerators":[65],"convolutions":[67,103],"face":[70],"limitation":[72],"streaming":[74],"data":[75,88],"out":[78],"accelerator.":[82,121],"The":[83,134],"bandwidth":[84],"limited":[85],"systems":[86],"require":[87],"reuse":[89],"utilize":[91,114],"computational":[92],"resources":[93,117],"efficiently.":[94],"We":[95],"propose":[96],"new":[98],"by":[104],"taking":[105],"advantage":[106],"characteristic":[109],"fully":[113,136],"all":[115],"This":[122],"is":[125],"implemented":[126],"Xilinx":[129],"Zynq-7000":[130],"All":[131],"Programmable":[132],"SoC.":[133],"system":[135],"explores":[137],"weight":[138],"level":[139,142],"node":[141],"parallelization":[143],"achieves":[147],"peak":[149],"performance":[150],"2x":[151],"better":[152],"than":[153],"previous":[155],"while":[158],"running":[159]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}