{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4409248553","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/hpca61900.2025.00027","title":"VR-Pipe: Streamlining Hardware Graphics Pipeline for Volume Rendering","display_name":"VR-Pipe: Streamlining Hardware Graphics Pipeline for Volume Rendering","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-03-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4409248553","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/hpca61900.2025.00027"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/hpca61900.2025.00027","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/hpca61900.2025.00027","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2025 IEEE International Symposium on High Performance Computer Architecture (HPCA)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101705399","display_name":"Junseo Lee","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0009-4953-1383"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I139264467","display_name":"Seoul National University","ror":"https://ror.org/04h9pn542","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I139264467"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Junseo Lee","raw_affiliation_strings":["Seoul National University"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Seoul National University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I139264467"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Jaisung Kim","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I139264467","display_name":"Seoul National University","ror":"https://ror.org/04h9pn542","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I139264467"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jaisung Kim","raw_affiliation_strings":["Seoul National University"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Seoul National University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I139264467"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5000986453","display_name":"Junyong Park","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0003-4228-1138"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I139264467","display_name":"Seoul National University","ror":"https://ror.org/04h9pn542","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I139264467"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Junyong Park","raw_affiliation_strings":["Seoul National University"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Seoul National University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I139264467"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5004251886","display_name":"Jaewoong Sim","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0403-9928"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I139264467","display_name":"Seoul National University","ror":"https://ror.org/04h9pn542","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I139264467"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jaewoong Sim","raw_affiliation_strings":["Seoul National University"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Seoul National University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I139264467"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5101705399"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I139264467"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":15.9519,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":5,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.98938307,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":95,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"217","last_page":"230"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10481","display_name":"Computer Graphics and Visualization Techniques","score":0.9940000176429749,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1704","display_name":"Computer Graphics and Computer-Aided Design"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10481","display_name":"Computer Graphics and Visualization Techniques","score":0.9940000176429749,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1704","display_name":"Computer Graphics and Computer-Aided Design"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10719","display_name":"3D Shape Modeling and Analysis","score":0.9000999927520752,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2206","display_name":"Computational Mechanics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/graphics-pipeline","display_name":"Graphics pipeline","score":0.777234673500061},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-graphics","display_name":"Computer graphics (images)","score":0.7623143196105957},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7586005926132202},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/rendering","display_name":"Rendering (computer graphics)","score":0.7070223689079285},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/volume-rendering","display_name":"Volume rendering","score":0.587104856967926},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/graphics","display_name":"Graphics","score":0.5810894966125488},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/graphics-hardware","display_name":"Graphics hardware","score":0.5286731719970703},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pipeline","display_name":"Pipeline (software)","score":0.5218778252601624},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software-rendering","display_name":"Software rendering","score":0.4960835874080658},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tiled-rendering","display_name":"Tiled rendering","score":0.47733575105667114},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/volume","display_name":"Volume (thermodynamics)","score":0.4685676395893097},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-graphics","display_name":"Computer graphics","score":0.43417873978614807},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-hardware","display_name":"Computer hardware","score":0.3607601523399353},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/3d-computer-graphics","display_name":"3D computer graphics","score":0.3359946012496948},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/operating-system","display_name":"Operating system","score":0.1502300500869751}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C173552908","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1366289","display_name":"Graphics pipeline","level":4,"score":0.777234673500061},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121684516","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7600677","display_name":"Computer graphics (images)","level":1,"score":0.7623143196105957},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7586005926132202},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205711294","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q176953","display_name":"Rendering (computer graphics)","level":2,"score":0.7070223689079285},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C30769735","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2165951","display_name":"Volume rendering","level":3,"score":0.587104856967926},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C21442007","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1027879","display_name":"Graphics","level":2,"score":0.5810894966125488},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18945957","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5597193","display_name":"Graphics hardware","level":3,"score":0.5286731719970703},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C43521106","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2165493","display_name":"Pipeline (software)","level":2,"score":0.5218778252601624},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C109772839","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2297645","display_name":"Software rendering","level":4,"score":0.4960835874080658},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C189059883","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7802119","display_name":"Tiled rendering","level":5,"score":0.47733575105667114},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C20556612","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4469374","display_name":"Volume (thermodynamics)","level":2,"score":0.4685676395893097},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77660652","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q150971","display_name":"Computer graphics","level":2,"score":0.43417873978614807},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9390403","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3966","display_name":"Computer hardware","level":1,"score":0.3607601523399353},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C66629338","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189177","display_name":"3D computer graphics","level":3,"score":0.3359946012496948},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.1502300500869751},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/hpca61900.2025.00027","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/hpca61900.2025.00027","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2025 IEEE International Symposium on High Performance Computer Architecture (HPCA)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.6800000071525574,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","display_name":"Affordable and clean energy"}],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321292","display_name":"Seoul National University","ror":"https://ror.org/04h9pn542"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332195","display_name":"Samsung","ror":"https://ror.org/04w3jy968"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":36,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1964807684","https://openalex.org/W1968902482","https://openalex.org/W1979527452","https://openalex.org/W1999250663","https://openalex.org/W2090882316","https://openalex.org/W2126852454","https://openalex.org/W2134860672","https://openalex.org/W2147657366","https://openalex.org/W2738551266","https://openalex.org/W2765771514","https://openalex.org/W2950480563","https://openalex.org/W3109585842","https://openalex.org/W3151224251","https://openalex.org/W3205099630","https://openalex.org/W3215589927","https://openalex.org/W3215769467","https://openalex.org/W4221151978","https://openalex.org/W4312325284","https://openalex.org/W4313031684","https://openalex.org/W4327930419","https://openalex.org/W4380874758","https://openalex.org/W4380881092","https://openalex.org/W4380881106","https://openalex.org/W4385318467","https://openalex.org/W4386071610","https://openalex.org/W4389491909","https://openalex.org/W4389500423","https://openalex.org/W4391506026","https://openalex.org/W4395106423","https://openalex.org/W4401211877","https://openalex.org/W4402716359","https://openalex.org/W4402726969","https://openalex.org/W4402754237","https://openalex.org/W4403842151","https://openalex.org/W6634534493","https://openalex.org/W6781421651"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2378509386","https://openalex.org/W2336642872","https://openalex.org/W60029494","https://openalex.org/W4297097051","https://openalex.org/W2750716212","https://openalex.org/W2119431767","https://openalex.org/W1899326437","https://openalex.org/W4249671011","https://openalex.org/W2763192925","https://openalex.org/W1980994890"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Graphics":[0],"rendering":[1,40,67,176],"that":[2,172],"builds":[3],"on":[4,34,41,68,97,102],"machine":[5],"learning":[6],"and":[7,19,89,94],"radiance":[8,65,80,126],"fields":[9],"is":[10],"gaining":[11],"significant":[12],"attention":[13],"due":[14],"to":[15,116,165,180],"its":[16,36,46],"outstanding":[17],"quality":[18],"speed":[20],"in":[21,143,159],"generating":[22],"photorealistic":[23],"images":[24],"from":[25],"novel":[26],"viewpoints.":[27],"However,":[28],"prior":[29],"work":[30],"has":[31],"primarily":[32],"focused":[33],"evaluating":[35],"performance":[37,47,61],"through":[38],"software-based":[39],"programmable":[42],"shader":[43,160],"cores,":[44],"leaving":[45],"when":[48],"exploiting":[49],"fixed-function":[50,166],"graphics":[51,71,87,99,114,188],"units":[52],"largely":[53],"unexplored.":[54],"In":[55,73],"this":[56],"paper,":[57],"we":[58,76,105,130,147],"investigate":[59],"the":[60,69,78,118,186],"implications":[62],"of":[63],"performing":[64],"field":[66,81,127],"hardware":[70,115,119,133,142,192],"pipeline.":[72],"doing":[74],"so,":[75],"implement":[77],"state-of-the-art":[79],"method,":[82],"3D":[83],"Gaussian":[84],"splatting,":[85],"using":[86],"APIs":[88],"evaluate":[90],"it":[91],"across":[92],"synthetic":[93],"real-world":[95],"scenes":[96],"today\u2019s":[98],"hardware.":[100],"Based":[101],"our":[103],"analysis,":[104],"present":[106],"VR-Pipe,":[107],"which":[108,155],"seamlessly":[109],"integrates":[110],"two":[111],"innovations":[112],"into":[113],"streamline":[117],"pipeline":[120,189],"for":[121,135],"volume":[122],"rendering,":[123],"such":[124],"as":[125],"methods.":[128],"First,":[129],"introduce":[131],"native":[132],"support":[134],"early":[136],"termination":[137],"by":[138],"repurposing":[139],"existing":[140],"special-purpose":[141],"modern":[144],"GPUs.":[145],"Second,":[146],"propose":[148],"multi-granular":[149],"tile":[150],"binning":[151],"with":[152,190],"quad":[153],"merging,":[154],"opportunistically":[156],"blends":[157],"fragments":[158],"cores":[161],"before":[162],"passing":[163],"them":[164],"blending":[167],"units.":[168],"Our":[169],"evaluation":[170],"shows":[171],"VR-Pipe":[173],"greatly":[174],"improves":[175],"performance,":[177],"achieving":[178],"up":[179],"a":[181],"$2.78":[182],"\\times$":[183],"speedup":[184],"over":[185],"conventional":[187],"negligible":[191],"overhead.":[193]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-04-21T08:09:41.155169","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}