{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2608698087","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/hase.2017.8","title":"Attack Graph Based Network Risk Assessment: Exact Inference vs Region-Based Approximation","display_name":"Attack Graph Based Network Risk Assessment: Exact Inference vs Region-Based Approximation","publication_year":2017,"publication_date":"2017-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2608698087","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/hase.2017.8","mag":"2608698087"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/hase.2017.8","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/hase.2017.8","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2017 IEEE 18th International Symposium on High Assurance Systems Engineering (HASE)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5053148074","display_name":"Qi Cheng","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2123-9139"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I115475287","display_name":"Oklahoma State University","ror":"https://ror.org/01g9vbr38","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I115475287"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Qi Cheng","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I115475287"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5113848800","display_name":"Kevin Kwiat","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I115475287","display_name":"Oklahoma State University","ror":"https://ror.org/01g9vbr38","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I115475287"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kevin Kwiat","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I115475287"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5108620592","display_name":"Charles Kamhoua","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I115475287","display_name":"Oklahoma State University","ror":"https://ror.org/01g9vbr38","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I115475287"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Charles A. Kamhoua","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I115475287"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5042072991","display_name":"Laurent Njilla","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8902-7418"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I115475287","display_name":"Oklahoma State University","ror":"https://ror.org/01g9vbr38","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I115475287"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Laurent Njilla","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I115475287"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5053148074"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I115475287"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.4836,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":1,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.71563894,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":94},"biblio":{"volume":"115","issue":null,"first_page":"84","last_page":"87"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10734","display_name":"Information and Cyber Security","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10734","display_name":"Information and Cyber Security","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10400","display_name":"Network Security and Intrusion Detection","score":0.9993000030517578,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11241","display_name":"Advanced Malware Detection Techniques","score":0.9925000071525574,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/belief-propagation","display_name":"Belief propagation","score":0.7563983201980591},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/probabilistic-logic","display_name":"Probabilistic logic","score":0.7482080459594727},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/inference","display_name":"Inference","score":0.7063385844230652},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6882582902908325},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/factor-graph","display_name":"Factor graph","score":0.6678088903427124},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/graph","display_name":"Graph","score":0.5346160531044006},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/graphical-model","display_name":"Graphical model","score":0.4958239495754242},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/exponential-function","display_name":"Exponential function","score":0.4924510419368744},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/graph-theory","display_name":"Graph theory","score":0.4826641380786896},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/approximate-inference","display_name":"Approximate inference","score":0.4624306261539459},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/theoretical-computer-science","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","score":0.4595341682434082},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/approximation-algorithm","display_name":"Approximation algorithm","score":0.4232061207294464},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.3655090928077698},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.25828251242637634},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.18483230471611023}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C152948882","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4060686","display_name":"Belief propagation","level":3,"score":0.7563983201980591},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C49937458","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2599292","display_name":"Probabilistic logic","level":2,"score":0.7482080459594727},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776214188","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q408386","display_name":"Inference","level":2,"score":0.7063385844230652},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6882582902908325},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159246509","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5428725","display_name":"Factor graph","level":3,"score":0.6678088903427124},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C132525143","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141488","display_name":"Graph","level":2,"score":0.5346160531044006},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C155846161","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1143367","display_name":"Graphical model","level":2,"score":0.4958239495754242},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151376022","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q168698","display_name":"Exponential function","level":2,"score":0.4924510419368744},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C88230418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131476","display_name":"Graph theory","level":2,"score":0.4826641380786896},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777472644","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16968992","display_name":"Approximate inference","level":3,"score":0.4624306261539459},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C80444323","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2878974","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","level":1,"score":0.4595341682434082},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C148764684","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q621751","display_name":"Approximation algorithm","level":2,"score":0.4232061207294464},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.3655090928077698},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.25828251242637634},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.18483230471611023},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C114614502","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q76592","display_name":"Combinatorics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C57273362","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q576722","display_name":"Decoding methods","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134306372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7754","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/hase.2017.8","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/hase.2017.8","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2017 IEEE 18th International Symposium on High Assurance Systems Engineering (HASE)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Partnerships for the goals","score":0.4000000059604645,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/17"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":14,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1670005512","https://openalex.org/W1997222770","https://openalex.org/W2073036619","https://openalex.org/W2101438812","https://openalex.org/W2130373165","https://openalex.org/W2131875370","https://openalex.org/W2156607688","https://openalex.org/W2167149929","https://openalex.org/W2169415915","https://openalex.org/W2171483145","https://openalex.org/W2264062293","https://openalex.org/W2331321712","https://openalex.org/W4249173680","https://openalex.org/W6649817035"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4368755698","https://openalex.org/W4388627352","https://openalex.org/W4297812452","https://openalex.org/W959529772","https://openalex.org/W26187695","https://openalex.org/W2962950510","https://openalex.org/W3152713649","https://openalex.org/W2153267847","https://openalex.org/W4286382505","https://openalex.org/W3180766726"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Quantitative":[0],"risk":[1,9],"assessment":[2],"is":[3,19,78],"a":[4,31,75],"critical":[5],"first":[6],"step":[7],"in":[8],"management":[10],"and":[11,41,56,88],"assured":[12],"design":[13],"of":[14,26,101],"networked":[15],"computer":[16],"systems.":[17],"It":[18],"challenging":[20],"to":[21,35,97],"evaluate":[22],"the":[23,42,53,57,64,72,99,102],"marginal":[24],"probabilities":[25],"target":[27],"states/conditions":[28],"when":[29,63],"using":[30],"probabilistic":[32,43],"attack":[33,39],"graph":[34,67],"represent":[36],"all":[37],"possible":[38],"paths":[40],"cause-consequence":[44],"relations":[45],"among":[46,92],"nodes.":[47],"The":[48],"brute":[49],"force":[50],"approach":[51],"has":[52,68],"exponential":[54],"complexity":[55],"belief":[58],"propagation":[59],"method":[60,77],"gives":[61],"approximation":[62,73],"corresponding":[65],"factor":[66],"cycles.":[69],"To":[70],"improve":[71],"accuracy,":[74],"region-based":[76],"adopted,":[79],"which":[80],"clusters":[81],"some":[82],"highly":[83],"dependent":[84],"nodes":[85],"into":[86],"regions":[87],"messages":[89],"are":[90,95],"passed":[91],"regions.":[93],"Experiments":[94],"conducted":[96],"compare":[98],"performance":[100],"different":[103],"methods.":[104]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}