{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2014534940","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/glocom.2006.151","title":"GEN02-3: On the Search of Internet AS-level Topology Invariants","display_name":"GEN02-3: On the Search of Internet AS-level Topology Invariants","publication_year":2006,"publication_date":"2006-11-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2014534940","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/glocom.2006.151","mag":"2014534940"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/glocom.2006.151","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/glocom.2006.151","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210205019","display_name":"Globecom","issn_l":"1930-529X","issn":["1930-529X","2576-764X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Globecom 2006","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5047278829","display_name":"Lung-de Shyu","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I16733864","display_name":"National Taiwan University","ror":"https://ror.org/05bqach95","country_code":"TW","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I16733864"]}],"countries":["TW"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Lung-de Shyu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Electrical Engineering Department, National Taiwan University, Taiwan","Electr. Eng. Dept., Nat. Taiwan Univ., Taipei"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Electrical Engineering Department, National Taiwan University, Taiwan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I16733864"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Electr. Eng. Dept., Nat. Taiwan Univ., Taipei","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I16733864"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5060613749","display_name":"Seng-Yong Lau","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I16733864","display_name":"National Taiwan University","ror":"https://ror.org/05bqach95","country_code":"TW","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I16733864"]}],"countries":["TW"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Seng-Yong Lau","raw_affiliation_strings":["Electrical Engineering Department, National Taiwan University, Taiwan","Electr. Eng. Dept., Nat. Taiwan Univ., Taipei"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Electrical Engineering Department, National Taiwan University, Taiwan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I16733864"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Electr. Eng. Dept., Nat. Taiwan Univ., Taipei","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I16733864"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5071085012","display_name":"Polly Huang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6208-0531"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I16733864","display_name":"National Taiwan University","ror":"https://ror.org/05bqach95","country_code":"TW","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I16733864"]}],"countries":["TW"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Polly Huang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Electrical Engineering Department, National Taiwan University, Taiwan","Electr. Eng. Dept., Nat. Taiwan Univ., Taipei"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Electrical Engineering Department, National Taiwan University, Taiwan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I16733864"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Electr. Eng. Dept., Nat. Taiwan Univ., Taipei","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I16733864"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5047278829"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I16733864"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.3152,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":2,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.63749427,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"5"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10138","display_name":"Network Traffic and Congestion Control","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10138","display_name":"Network Traffic and Congestion Control","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10742","display_name":"Peer-to-Peer Network Technologies","score":0.9977999925613403,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12203","display_name":"Mobile Agent-Based Network Management","score":0.9965000152587891,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/topology","display_name":"Topology (electrical circuits)","score":0.7068333029747009},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/internet-topology","display_name":"Internet topology","score":0.6489081978797913},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/the-internet","display_name":"The Internet","score":0.6389269828796387},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5786176919937134},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/graph","display_name":"Graph","score":0.533053994178772},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/extension-topology","display_name":"Extension topology","score":0.5287446975708008},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/core","display_name":"Core (optical fiber)","score":0.46918487548828125},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/set","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","score":0.4606284201145172},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/laplace-operator","display_name":"Laplace operator","score":0.4371635317802429},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/theoretical-computer-science","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","score":0.4237730801105499},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.3544793128967285},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/general-topology","display_name":"General topology","score":0.2628122866153717},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/discrete-mathematics","display_name":"Discrete mathematics","score":0.19008010625839233},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.12969297170639038},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/world-wide-web","display_name":"World Wide Web","score":0.11470326781272888},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/combinatorics","display_name":"Combinatorics","score":0.07701227068901062}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C184720557","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7825049","display_name":"Topology (electrical circuits)","level":2,"score":0.7068333029747009},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C99237066","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17092610","display_name":"Internet topology","level":3,"score":0.6489081978797913},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C110875604","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q75","display_name":"The Internet","level":2,"score":0.6389269828796387},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5786176919937134},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C132525143","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141488","display_name":"Graph","level":2,"score":0.533053994178772},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C143913944","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5421952","display_name":"Extension topology","level":4,"score":0.5287446975708008},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2164484","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5170150","display_name":"Core (optical fiber)","level":2,"score":0.46918487548828125},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177264268","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1514741","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","level":2,"score":0.4606284201145172},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165700671","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q203484","display_name":"Laplace operator","level":2,"score":0.4371635317802429},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C80444323","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2878974","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","level":1,"score":0.4237730801105499},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.3544793128967285},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C129089157","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q621550","display_name":"General topology","level":3,"score":0.2628122866153717},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118615104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q121416","display_name":"Discrete mathematics","level":1,"score":0.19008010625839233},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.12969297170639038},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136764020","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q466","display_name":"World Wide Web","level":1,"score":0.11470326781272888},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C114614502","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q76592","display_name":"Combinatorics","level":1,"score":0.07701227068901062},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134306372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7754","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81332173","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q179899","display_name":"Topological space","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/glocom.2006.151","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/glocom.2006.151","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210205019","display_name":"Globecom","issn_l":"1930-529X","issn":["1930-529X","2576-764X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Globecom 2006","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Industry, innovation and infrastructure","score":0.4300000071525574,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/9"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":11,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1480556881","https://openalex.org/W1976969221","https://openalex.org/W1999507172","https://openalex.org/W2107648668","https://openalex.org/W2133819530","https://openalex.org/W2156916299","https://openalex.org/W2163252320","https://openalex.org/W2328187444","https://openalex.org/W3137322982","https://openalex.org/W6628652711","https://openalex.org/W6644524268"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2112293509","https://openalex.org/W2349366150","https://openalex.org/W2387408717","https://openalex.org/W2389549332","https://openalex.org/W2152402846","https://openalex.org/W2154153911","https://openalex.org/W2361392767","https://openalex.org/W2081659821","https://openalex.org/W2167534157","https://openalex.org/W922560651"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"There":[0],"has":[1,76],"been":[2,77],"a":[3,19,35,45,67,89,113],"significant":[4],"amount":[5],"of":[6,21,26,38,69,74,103,116],"work":[7],"analyzing":[8],"the":[9,51,61,85,95,101,109,127],"Internet":[10,62],"AS":[11],"(Autonomous":[12],"System)-level":[13],"topology":[14,22,52,64,87],"which":[15],"gives":[16],"rise":[17],"to":[18,32,118,123],"number":[20],"models.":[23],"Although":[24],"each":[25],"these":[27],"models":[28],"is":[29,44],"being":[30],"refined":[31],"fit":[33],"better":[34],"particular":[36],"set":[37,73],"graph":[39,70],"properties":[40],"over":[41],"time,":[42],"there":[43],"more":[46],"fundamental":[47],"need":[48],"in":[49,79,94],"knowing":[50],"invariants.":[53],"To":[54],"address":[55],"this":[56],"need,":[57],"we":[58,105],"examine":[59],"how":[60],"AS-level":[63,86],"evolves,":[65],"using":[66],"variety":[68],"metrics,-a":[71],"super":[72],"what":[75],"used":[78],"recent":[80],"works.":[81],"We":[82],"discover":[83,106],"that":[84,108],"shows":[88],"clear":[90],"converging":[91,110],"trend":[92,111],"only":[93],"normalized":[96],"Laplacian":[97],"spectrum":[98],"(nls).":[99],"From":[100],"theory":[102],"nls,":[104],"further":[107],"indicates":[112],"stabilizing":[114],"ratio":[115],"leaf":[117],"core":[119],"ASes":[120],"(or":[121],"customer":[122],"provider":[124],"ASes)":[125],"on":[126],"Internet.":[128]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-05-05T08:41:31.759640","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}