{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4388517733","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/fuzz52849.2023.10309692","title":"The Design and Implementation of a Constrained Interval Type-2 Fuzzy System for Credit Card Fraud Detection","display_name":"The Design and Implementation of a Constrained Interval Type-2 Fuzzy System for Credit Card Fraud Detection","publication_year":2023,"publication_date":"2023-08-13","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4388517733","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/fuzz52849.2023.10309692"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/fuzz52849.2023.10309692","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/fuzz52849.2023.10309692","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2023 IEEE International Conference on Fuzzy Systems (FUZZ)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://nottingham-repository.worktribe.com/output/27583547","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5008225300","display_name":"Xinxin Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4255-5106"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I24185976","display_name":"Sichuan University","ror":"https://ror.org/011ashp19","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I24185976"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Xinxin Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Business School, Sichuan University,Chengdu,China","Business School, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Business School, Sichuan University,Chengdu,China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I24185976"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Business School, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I24185976"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100351531","display_name":"Ming Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4073-8053"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I24185976","display_name":"Sichuan University","ror":"https://ror.org/011ashp19","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I24185976"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ming Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["Business School, Sichuan University,Chengdu,China","Business School, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Business School, Sichuan University,Chengdu,China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I24185976"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Business School, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I24185976"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5114911427","display_name":"Chao Chen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4649-4061"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I142263535","display_name":"University of Nottingham","ror":"https://ror.org/01ee9ar58","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I142263535"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chao Chen","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computer Science, University of Nottingham,Nottingham,UK","School of Computer Science, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science, University of Nottingham,Nottingham,UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I142263535"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I142263535"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5040516036","display_name":"Jonathan M. Garibaldi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9690-7074"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I142263535","display_name":"University of Nottingham","ror":"https://ror.org/01ee9ar58","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I142263535"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jonathan M. Garibaldi","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computer Science, University of Nottingham,Nottingham,UK","School of Computer Science, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science, University of Nottingham,Nottingham,UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I142263535"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I142263535"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5008225300"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I24185976"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.3497,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":2,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.66542907,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":95,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"7"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10820","display_name":"Fuzzy Logic and Control Systems","score":0.9995999932289124,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10820","display_name":"Fuzzy Logic and Control Systems","score":0.9995999932289124,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10320","display_name":"Neural Networks and Applications","score":0.9937999844551086,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11063","display_name":"Rough Sets and Fuzzy Logic","score":0.9894999861717224,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1703","display_name":"Computational Theory and Mathematics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/defuzzification","display_name":"Defuzzification","score":0.6876895427703857},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6833905577659607},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fuzzy-set-operations","display_name":"Fuzzy set operations","score":0.6265252232551575},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-mining","display_name":"Data mining","score":0.5617191791534424},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fuzzy-logic","display_name":"Fuzzy logic","score":0.5485414862632751},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fuzzy-control-system","display_name":"Fuzzy control system","score":0.4987614154815674},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/credit-card","display_name":"Credit card","score":0.4861995577812195},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/context","display_name":"Context (archaeology)","score":0.4846218526363373},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fuzzy-classification","display_name":"Fuzzy classification","score":0.4828972816467285},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fuzzy-set","display_name":"Fuzzy set","score":0.4740084111690521},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fuzzy-number","display_name":"Fuzzy number","score":0.4585452377796173},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/type-2-fuzzy-sets-and-systems","display_name":"Type-2 fuzzy sets and systems","score":0.43571698665618896},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/credit-card-fraud","display_name":"Credit card fraud","score":0.4351189136505127},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/interpretability","display_name":"Interpretability","score":0.41947051882743835},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/interval","display_name":"Interval (graph theory)","score":0.41108548641204834},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.39841651916503906},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.3769608438014984},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.16370496153831482}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C170260401","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5251735","display_name":"Defuzzification","level":5,"score":0.6876895427703857},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6833905577659607},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C148671577","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5511133","display_name":"Fuzzy set operations","level":4,"score":0.6265252232551575},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124101348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q172491","display_name":"Data mining","level":1,"score":0.5617191791534424},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C58166","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q224821","display_name":"Fuzzy logic","level":2,"score":0.5485414862632751},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C195975749","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1475705","display_name":"Fuzzy control system","level":3,"score":0.4987614154815674},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2983355114","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161380","display_name":"Credit card","level":3,"score":0.4861995577812195},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779343474","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3109175","display_name":"Context (archaeology)","level":2,"score":0.4846218526363373},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127385683","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1475696","display_name":"Fuzzy classification","level":4,"score":0.4828972816467285},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C42011625","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1055058","display_name":"Fuzzy set","level":3,"score":0.4740084111690521},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C1883856","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3407463","display_name":"Fuzzy number","level":4,"score":0.4585452377796173},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17350324","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7860605","display_name":"Type-2 fuzzy sets and systems","level":5,"score":0.43571698665618896},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780747020","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q83873","display_name":"Credit card fraud","level":4,"score":0.4351189136505127},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781067378","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17027399","display_name":"Interpretability","level":2,"score":0.41947051882743835},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778067643","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q166507","display_name":"Interval (graph theory)","level":2,"score":0.41108548641204834},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.39841651916503906},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.3769608438014984},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.16370496153831482},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C145097563","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1148747","display_name":"Payment","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C114614502","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q76592","display_name":"Combinatorics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151730666","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7205","display_name":"Paleontology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136764020","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q466","display_name":"World Wide Web","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/fuzz52849.2023.10309692","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/fuzz52849.2023.10309692","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2023 IEEE International Conference on Fuzzy Systems (FUZZ)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:nottingham-repository.worktribe.com:27583547","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://nottingham-repository.worktribe.com/output/27583547","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402483","display_name":"Repository@Nottingham (University of Nottingham)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I142263535","host_organization_name":"University of Nottingham","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I142263535"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Presentation / Conference Contribution"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:nottingham-repository.worktribe.com:27583547","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://nottingham-repository.worktribe.com/output/27583547","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402483","display_name":"Repository@Nottingham (University of Nottingham)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I142263535","host_organization_name":"University of Nottingham","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I142263535"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Presentation / Conference Contribution"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.800000011920929,"display_name":"Peace, Justice and strong institutions","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":21,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1983658296","https://openalex.org/W2020694587","https://openalex.org/W2042168080","https://openalex.org/W2050288270","https://openalex.org/W2117501337","https://openalex.org/W2127085924","https://openalex.org/W2132885717","https://openalex.org/W2141178894","https://openalex.org/W2478026606","https://openalex.org/W2979757754","https://openalex.org/W2980264338","https://openalex.org/W3003298525","https://openalex.org/W3010871813","https://openalex.org/W3047881925","https://openalex.org/W3081362783","https://openalex.org/W3081904261","https://openalex.org/W4205376800","https://openalex.org/W4226065182","https://openalex.org/W4245152641","https://openalex.org/W4360930439","https://openalex.org/W4403451191"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2184441312","https://openalex.org/W2674573885","https://openalex.org/W1485268022","https://openalex.org/W4361984403","https://openalex.org/W1975005191","https://openalex.org/W1487720066","https://openalex.org/W1542808721","https://openalex.org/W139981661","https://openalex.org/W2331106272","https://openalex.org/W2148720919"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Fuzzy":[0],"systems":[1,25,38,67],"with":[2,147],"type-1,":[3],"interval":[4],"type-2":[5,8,35],"and":[6,24,48,55,86,142,163],"general":[7],"fuzzy":[9,22,36,100,134,181],"sets":[10,23,85],"have":[11,68],"been":[12,69],"widely":[13],"applied":[14],"in":[15,52,89,107,168],"various":[16],"fields.":[17],"Constrained":[18,115,150],"Interval":[19],"Type-2":[20],"(CIT2)":[21],"are":[26],"an":[27],"approach":[28],"designed":[29],"to":[30,78,178],"improve":[31],"the":[32,42,46,53,60,113,130,144,148,156],"interpretability":[33],"of":[34,97,160],"inference":[37,66,101],"(FISs)":[39],"by":[40,136],"preserving":[41],"semantic":[43],"values":[44],"throughout":[45],"modelling":[47],"decision":[49,139],"process,":[50],"including":[51],"type-reduction":[54],"defuzzification":[56],"stages.":[57],"Whilst":[58],"all":[59],"steps":[61],"necessary":[62],"for":[63,76],"building":[64],"CIT2":[65,84,99,123,145,166,180],"established,":[70],"there":[71],"is":[72],"still":[73],"a":[74,94,98,104,138,165,169],"challenge":[75],"people":[77],"build":[79],"data-driven":[80],"models":[81],"based":[82,128],"on":[83,129],"apply":[87],"them":[88],"practice.":[90],"This":[91,154,173],"paper":[92],"presents":[93],"step-by-step":[95],"design":[96],"system":[102],"featuring":[103],"case":[105],"study":[106],"credit":[108],"card":[109],"fraud":[110],"detection,":[111],"utilising":[112],"Juzzy":[114,149],"toolkit.":[116],"The":[117],"framework":[118],"contains":[119],"three":[120],"parts:":[121],"creating":[122,162],"membership":[124],"functions":[125],"from":[126],"data":[127],"K-means":[131],"algorithm;":[132],"deriving":[133],"rules":[135],"using":[137],"tree":[140],"model;":[141],"implementing":[143,164],"FIS":[146,167],"toolkit":[151],"available":[152],"online.":[153],"constitutes":[155],"first":[157],"end-to-end":[158],"demonstration":[159],"designing,":[161],"fresh":[170],"application":[171],"context.":[172],"will":[174],"support":[175],"other":[176],"researchers":[177],"explore":[179],"systems.":[182]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}