{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4404036521","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/fdtc64268.2024.00013","title":"A Single-Trace Fault Injection Attack on Hedged Module Lattice Digital Signature Algorithm (ML-DSA)","display_name":"A Single-Trace Fault Injection Attack on Hedged Module Lattice Digital Signature Algorithm (ML-DSA)","publication_year":2024,"publication_date":"2024-09-04","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4404036521","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/fdtc64268.2024.00013"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/fdtc64268.2024.00013","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/fdtc64268.2024.00013","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2024 Workshop on Fault Detection and Tolerance in Cryptography (FDTC)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5099036650","display_name":"S\u00f6nke Jendral","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I86987016","display_name":"KTH Royal Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/026vcq606","country_code":"SE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I86987016"]}],"countries":["SE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"S\u00f6nke Jendral","raw_affiliation_strings":["KTH Royal Institute of Technology,Stockholm,Sweden"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"KTH Royal Institute of Technology,Stockholm,Sweden","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I86987016"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5086243836","display_name":"John Mattsson","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0005-3807-7665"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1306339040","display_name":"Ericsson (Sweden)","ror":"https://ror.org/05a7rhx54","country_code":"SE","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1306339040"]}],"countries":["SE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"John Preu\u00df Mattsson","raw_affiliation_strings":["Ericsson Research,Stockholm,Sweden"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Ericsson Research,Stockholm,Sweden","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1306339040"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5011438358","display_name":"Elena Dubrova","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7382-9408"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I86987016","display_name":"KTH Royal Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/026vcq606","country_code":"SE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I86987016"]}],"countries":["SE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Elena Dubrova","raw_affiliation_strings":["KTH Royal Institute of Technology,Stockholm,Sweden"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"KTH Royal Institute of Technology,Stockholm,Sweden","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I86987016"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":4.1372,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":6,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.94734354,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":95,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"34","last_page":"43"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14347","display_name":"Big Data and Digital Economy","score":0.9825999736785889,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14347","display_name":"Big Data and Digital Economy","score":0.9825999736785889,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10917","display_name":"Smart Grid Security and Resilience","score":0.9805999994277954,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12122","display_name":"Physical Unclonable Functions (PUFs) and Hardware Security","score":0.9776999950408936,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1708","display_name":"Hardware and Architecture"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/trace","display_name":"TRACE (psycholinguistics)","score":0.6509939432144165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/signature","display_name":"Signature (topology)","score":0.6289646029472351},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/digital-signature","display_name":"Digital signature","score":0.6150208115577698},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6069269180297852},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.5936294794082642},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/lattice","display_name":"Lattice (music)","score":0.48739081621170044},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/digital-signature-algorithm","display_name":"Digital Signature Algorithm","score":0.46827173233032227},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fault","display_name":"Fault (geology)","score":0.42482486367225647},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.22040387988090515},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.21430769562721252},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security","display_name":"Computer security","score":0.13970276713371277},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geology","display_name":"Geology","score":0.10836479067802429},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/acoustics","display_name":"Acoustics","score":0.07400712370872498}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C75291252","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1315756","display_name":"TRACE (psycholinguistics)","level":2,"score":0.6509939432144165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779696439","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7512811","display_name":"Signature (topology)","level":2,"score":0.6289646029472351},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118463975","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q220849","display_name":"Digital signature","level":3,"score":0.6150208115577698},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6069269180297852},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.5936294794082642},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781204021","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6497091","display_name":"Lattice (music)","level":2,"score":0.48739081621170044},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C202424057","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1224829","display_name":"Digital Signature Algorithm","level":4,"score":0.46827173233032227},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C175551986","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q47089","display_name":"Fault (geology)","level":2,"score":0.42482486367225647},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.22040387988090515},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.21430769562721252},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.13970276713371277},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127313418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069","display_name":"Geology","level":0,"score":0.10836479067802429},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24890656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q82811","display_name":"Acoustics","level":1,"score":0.07400712370872498},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165205528","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q83371","display_name":"Seismology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C99138194","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q183427","display_name":"Hash function","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/fdtc64268.2024.00013","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/fdtc64268.2024.00013","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2024 Workshop on Fault Detection and Tolerance in Cryptography (FDTC)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":29,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1506156414","https://openalex.org/W1985439922","https://openalex.org/W2085992264","https://openalex.org/W2162282468","https://openalex.org/W2560054270","https://openalex.org/W2578021477","https://openalex.org/W2751989631","https://openalex.org/W2791664942","https://openalex.org/W2904756156","https://openalex.org/W2921053303","https://openalex.org/W2961566779","https://openalex.org/W3023173462","https://openalex.org/W3127702491","https://openalex.org/W4213297424","https://openalex.org/W4226444233","https://openalex.org/W4229637647","https://openalex.org/W4245276998","https://openalex.org/W4256477176","https://openalex.org/W4312920563","https://openalex.org/W4323320232","https://openalex.org/W4362475146","https://openalex.org/W4385819523","https://openalex.org/W4386328278","https://openalex.org/W4394774410","https://openalex.org/W6713880235","https://openalex.org/W6743496458","https://openalex.org/W6840819767","https://openalex.org/W6870867190","https://openalex.org/W7028419442"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2392378177","https://openalex.org/W3177125027","https://openalex.org/W1932157736","https://openalex.org/W2365022962","https://openalex.org/W2383048426","https://openalex.org/W4387407403","https://openalex.org/W2785938443","https://openalex.org/W2390942931","https://openalex.org/W2149234266","https://openalex.org/W1981680180"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Module":[0],"Lattice":[1],"Digital":[2],"Signature":[3],"Algorithm":[4],"(MLDSA)":[5],"is":[6,34,63,102],"a":[7,50,69,119,123],"post-quantum":[8],"digital":[9],"signature":[10],"algorithm":[11],"currently":[12],"being":[13],"standardised":[14],"by":[15],"the":[16,39,72,75,86,91,94,97,106,134],"NIST.":[17],"Devices":[18],"making":[19],"use":[20],"of":[21,41,68,74,125],"MLDSA":[22],"are":[23],"expected":[24],"to":[25,37,44,65,83],"soon":[26],"become":[27],"generally":[28],"available":[29],"in":[30,57,113],"various":[31],"environments.":[32],"It":[33],"thus":[35],"important":[36],"assess":[38],"resistance":[40],"ML-DSA":[42,56],"implementations":[43],"physical":[45],"attacks.":[46],"This":[47],"paper":[48],"presents":[49],"fault":[51,95],"injection":[52],"attack":[53,111],"on":[54],"hedged":[55],"ARM":[58],"Cortex-M4.":[59],"First,":[60],"voltage":[61],"glitching":[62],"performed":[64],"skip":[66,85],"computation":[67],"seed":[70],"during":[71],"generation":[73],"signature.":[76,109],"We":[77,129],"identified":[78],"settings":[79],"that":[80],"allowed":[81],"us":[82],"consistently":[84],"necessary":[87],"function":[88],"without":[89],"crashing":[90],"device.":[92],"After":[93],"injection,":[96],"secret":[98],"key":[99],"vector":[100],"$s_{1}$":[101],"derived":[103],"directly":[104],"from":[105,118],"resulting":[107],"faulty":[108],"The":[110],"succeeds":[112],"recovering":[114],"s<inf":[115],"xmlns:mml=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\"":[116],"xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\">1</inf>":[117],"single":[120],"trace":[121],"with":[122],"probability":[124],"around":[126],"$53":[127],"\\%$.":[128],"also":[130],"propose":[131],"countermeasures":[132],"against":[133],"presented":[135],"attack.":[136]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":5}],"updated_date":"2026-06-11T09:08:48.828518","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
