{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2898913212","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/etfa.2018.8502501","title":"Stealthy Attacks for Partially-Observed Discrete Event Systems","display_name":"Stealthy Attacks for Partially-Observed Discrete Event Systems","publication_year":2018,"publication_date":"2018-09-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2898913212","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/etfa.2018.8502501","mag":"2898913212"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/etfa.2018.8502501","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/etfa.2018.8502501","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2018 IEEE 23rd International Conference on Emerging Technologies and Factory Automation (ETFA)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100360314","display_name":"Qi Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5172-2359"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I149594827","display_name":"Xidian University","ror":"https://ror.org/05s92vm98","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I149594827"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Qi Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electro-Mechanical Engineering, Xidian University, Xi'an, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electro-Mechanical Engineering, Xidian University, Xi'an, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I149594827"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5045305170","display_name":"Zhiwu Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1547-5503"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I149594827","display_name":"Xidian University","ror":"https://ror.org/05s92vm98","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I149594827"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhiwu Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electro-Mechanical Engineering, Xidian University, Xi'an, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electro-Mechanical Engineering, Xidian University, Xi'an, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I149594827"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5005940530","display_name":"Carla Seatzu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2014-352X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I172446870","display_name":"University of Cagliari","ror":"https://ror.org/003109y17","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I172446870"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Carla Seatzu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I172446870"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5030895170","display_name":"Alessandro Giua","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3859-9472"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I172446870","display_name":"University of Cagliari","ror":"https://ror.org/003109y17","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I172446870"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Alessandro Giua","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I172446870"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5100360314"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I149594827"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":4.0387,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":36,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.94995027,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":96,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1161","last_page":"1164"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11125","display_name":"Petri Nets in System Modeling","score":0.9994000196456909,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1703","display_name":"Computational Theory and Mathematics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11125","display_name":"Petri Nets in System Modeling","score":0.9994000196456909,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1703","display_name":"Computational Theory and Mathematics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11424","display_name":"Security and Verification in Computing","score":0.9914000034332275,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10502","display_name":"Advanced Memory and Neural Computing","score":0.9890999794006348,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/operator","display_name":"Operator (biology)","score":0.7052562236785889},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/event","display_name":"Event (particle physics)","score":0.6824286580085754},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/construct","display_name":"Construct (python library)","score":0.6404814720153809},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/state","display_name":"State (computer science)","score":0.636145830154419},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6105223894119263},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security","display_name":"Computer security","score":0.4390963912010193},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.35114461183547974},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.18973007798194885},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.12936189770698547}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17020691","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q139677","display_name":"Operator (biology)","level":5,"score":0.7052562236785889},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779662365","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5416694","display_name":"Event (particle physics)","level":2,"score":0.6824286580085754},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780801425","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5164392","display_name":"Construct (python library)","level":2,"score":0.6404814720153809},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C48103436","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q599031","display_name":"State (computer science)","level":2,"score":0.636145830154419},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6105223894119263},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.4390963912010193},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.35114461183547974},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.18973007798194885},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.12936189770698547},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55493867","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7094","display_name":"Biochemistry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86339819","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q407384","display_name":"Transcription factor","level":3,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104317684","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7187","display_name":"Gene","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C158448853","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q425218","display_name":"Repressor","level":4,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/etfa.2018.8502501","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/etfa.2018.8502501","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2018 IEEE 23rd International Conference on Emerging Technologies and Factory Automation (ETFA)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:iris.unica.it:11584/259987","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/11584/259987","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196293","display_name":"UNICA IRIS Institutional Research Information System (University of Cagliari)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I172446870","host_organization_name":"University of Cagliari","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I172446870"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/conferencePaper"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16","display_name":"Peace, Justice and strong institutions","score":0.6499999761581421}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":17,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W580132488","https://openalex.org/W1587663028","https://openalex.org/W2008704879","https://openalex.org/W2059057465","https://openalex.org/W2101629635","https://openalex.org/W2421199393","https://openalex.org/W2509841691","https://openalex.org/W2582314773","https://openalex.org/W2585833112","https://openalex.org/W2782611461","https://openalex.org/W2783686098","https://openalex.org/W2883996237","https://openalex.org/W2884878049","https://openalex.org/W2963076019","https://openalex.org/W6733338122","https://openalex.org/W6753503293","https://openalex.org/W6753624103"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2366107444","https://openalex.org/W4388145910","https://openalex.org/W1976205134","https://openalex.org/W2381570729","https://openalex.org/W4248336175","https://openalex.org/W3009369890","https://openalex.org/W2031260042","https://openalex.org/W2391445434","https://openalex.org/W4312490297","https://openalex.org/W2062212388"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,35,111],"problem":[1],"of":[2,30],"stealthy":[3,87,112],"attacks":[4,120],"for":[5],"partially-observed":[6],"discrete":[7],"event":[8],"systems":[9],"is":[10,37,75],"considered.":[11],"An":[12],"operator":[13,70],"observes":[14],"the":[15,28,60,69,73,97,101,118,127],"plant":[16,61,74],"through":[17],"an":[18,40,52,63],"observation":[19,36],"mask":[20],"that":[21,72,121],"does":[22],"not":[23,123],"allow":[24],"him":[25],"to":[26],"detect":[27],"occurrence":[29],"certain":[31],"events":[32],"(silent":[33],"events).":[34],"corrupted":[38],"by":[39,91,126],"intruder":[41],"who":[42],"can":[43,67,84,122],"insert":[44],"and":[45,105,108],"erase":[46],"some":[47],"sensor":[48],"readings.":[49],"We":[50],"construct":[51],"attack":[53,88,113],"structure":[54,89,114],"A":[55,66,95],"which":[56],"guarantees":[57],"that,":[58],"when":[59],"reaches":[62],"unsafe":[64],"state,":[65],"make":[68],"think":[71],"in":[76],"a":[77,86],"safe":[78],"state.":[79],"Based":[80],"on":[81],"A,":[82],"we":[83],"obtain":[85],"As":[90,115],"simply":[92],"removing":[93],"from":[94],"all":[96,100],"exposing":[98,103],"states,":[99],"weakly":[102],"states":[104],"their":[106],"input":[107],"output":[109],"arcs.":[110],"only":[116],"contains":[117],"possible":[119],"be":[124],"detected":[125],"operator.":[128]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":11},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":5}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}