{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4200450410","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/embc46164.2021.9630827","title":"Development of a Home-based Fetal Electrocardiogram (ECG) Monitoring System","display_name":"Development of a Home-based Fetal Electrocardiogram (ECG) Monitoring System","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-11-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4200450410","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/embc46164.2021.9630827","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34892741"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/embc46164.2021.9630827","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/embc46164.2021.9630827","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4363607750","display_name":"2021 43rd Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine & Biology Society (EMBC)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"conference"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2021 43rd Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine & Biology Society (EMBC)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5075565629","display_name":"Sadaf Sarafan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3177-2770"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210140243","display_name":"Samueli Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/03teef091","country_code":"US","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210140243"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I204250578","display_name":"University of California, Irvine","ror":"https://ror.org/04gyf1771","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I204250578"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Sadaf Sarafan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Electrical Engineering Department, Samueli School of Engineering, UC Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Electrical Engineering Department, Samueli School of Engineering, UC Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210140243","https://openalex.org/I204250578"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101578807","display_name":"Tai Le","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1845-0064"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210140243","display_name":"Samueli Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/03teef091","country_code":"US","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210140243"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I204250578","display_name":"University of California, Irvine","ror":"https://ror.org/04gyf1771","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I204250578"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Tai Le","raw_affiliation_strings":["Electrical Engineering Department, Samueli School of Engineering, UC Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Electrical Engineering Department, Samueli School of Engineering, UC Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210140243","https://openalex.org/I204250578"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5016628391","display_name":"Floranne Ellington","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I204250578","display_name":"University of California, Irvine","ror":"https://ror.org/04gyf1771","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I204250578"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210140243","display_name":"Samueli Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/03teef091","country_code":"US","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210140243"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Floranne Ellington","raw_affiliation_strings":["Electrical Engineering Department, Samueli School of Engineering, UC Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Electrical Engineering Department, Samueli School of Engineering, UC Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210140243","https://openalex.org/I204250578"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100332490","display_name":"Zhijie Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1276-787X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I204250578","display_name":"University of California, Irvine","ror":"https://ror.org/04gyf1771","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I204250578"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210140243","display_name":"Samueli Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/03teef091","country_code":"US","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210140243"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhijie Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Electrical Engineering Department, Samueli School of Engineering, UC Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Electrical Engineering Department, Samueli School of Engineering, UC Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210140243","https://openalex.org/I204250578"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5078266060","display_name":"Michael Lau","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Michael P. H. Lau","raw_affiliation_strings":["Sensoriis, Inc, Edmonds, WA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Sensoriis, Inc, Edmonds, WA","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5008260974","display_name":"Tadesse Ghirmai","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6564-745X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210138624","display_name":"University of Washington Bothell","ror":"https://ror.org/02ygzhr13","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I201448701","https://openalex.org/I4210138624"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Tadesse Ghirmai","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of STEM, University of Washington, Bothell, WA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of STEM, University of Washington, Bothell, WA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210138624"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5111197240","display_name":"Afshan B. Hameed","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0003-8354-1637"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I204250578","display_name":"University of California, Irvine","ror":"https://ror.org/04gyf1771","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I204250578"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210140243","display_name":"Samueli Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/03teef091","country_code":"US","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210140243"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Afshan Hameed","raw_affiliation_strings":["Electrical Engineering Department, Samueli School of Engineering, UC Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Electrical Engineering Department, Samueli School of Engineering, UC Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210140243","https://openalex.org/I204250578"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5038366927","display_name":"Hung Cao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4197-7208"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210137750","display_name":"UC Irvine Health","ror":"https://ror.org/03fgher32","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210137750"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I204250578","display_name":"University of California, Irvine","ror":"https://ror.org/04gyf1771","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I204250578"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210140243","display_name":"Samueli Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/03teef091","country_code":"US","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210140243"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hung Cao","raw_affiliation_strings":["Biomedical Engineering Department, UC Irvine, CA","Electrical Engineering Department, Samueli School of Engineering, UC Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA","Sensoriis, Inc, Edmonds, WA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Biomedical Engineering Department, UC Irvine, CA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210137750"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Electrical Engineering Department, Samueli School of Engineering, UC Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210140243","https://openalex.org/I204250578"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Sensoriis, Inc, Edmonds, WA","institution_ids":[]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":8,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5075565629"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I204250578","https://openalex.org/I4210140243"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":4.4866,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":17,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.97168142,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"2021","issue":null,"first_page":"7116","last_page":"7119"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11021","display_name":"ECG Monitoring and Analysis","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2705","display_name":"Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11021","display_name":"ECG Monitoring and Analysis","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2705","display_name":"Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11447","display_name":"Blind Source Separation Techniques","score":0.9883000254631042,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11932","display_name":"Wireless Body Area Networks","score":0.9771999716758728,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6697922945022583},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bluetooth","display_name":"Bluetooth","score":0.6482586860656738},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/android","display_name":"Android (operating system)","score":0.572909951210022},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bluetooth-low-energy","display_name":"Bluetooth Low Energy","score":0.5460765361785889},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wearable-computer","display_name":"Wearable computer","score":0.48747706413269043},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/real-time-computing","display_name":"Real-time computing","score":0.45944440364837646},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/embedded-system","display_name":"Embedded system","score":0.43416255712509155},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wireless","display_name":"Wireless","score":0.11600470542907715},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.11366066336631775},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/operating-system","display_name":"Operating system","score":0.1008358895778656}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6697922945022583},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C546215728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39531","display_name":"Bluetooth","level":3,"score":0.6482586860656738},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C557433098","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q94","display_name":"Android (operating system)","level":2,"score":0.572909951210022},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776418194","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1638779","display_name":"Bluetooth Low Energy","level":4,"score":0.5460765361785889},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C150594956","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1334829","display_name":"Wearable computer","level":2,"score":0.48747706413269043},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79403827","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3988","display_name":"Real-time computing","level":1,"score":0.45944440364837646},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149635348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193040","display_name":"Embedded system","level":1,"score":0.43416255712509155},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C555944384","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q249","display_name":"Wireless","level":2,"score":0.11600470542907715},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.11366066336631775},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.1008358895778656}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000465","descriptor_name":"Algorithms","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000465","descriptor_name":"Algorithms","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000465","descriptor_name":"Algorithms","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D004562","descriptor_name":"Electrocardiography","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D004562","descriptor_name":"Electrocardiography","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D004562","descriptor_name":"Electrocardiography","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005260","descriptor_name":"Female","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005260","descriptor_name":"Female","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005260","descriptor_name":"Female","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005323","descriptor_name":"Fetal Monitoring","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D005323","descriptor_name":"Fetal Monitoring","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D005323","descriptor_name":"Fetal Monitoring","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D006340","descriptor_name":"Heart Rate, Fetal","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006340","descriptor_name":"Heart Rate, Fetal","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006340","descriptor_name":"Heart Rate, Fetal","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D011247","descriptor_name":"Pregnancy","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D011247","descriptor_name":"Pregnancy","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D011247","descriptor_name":"Pregnancy","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012815","descriptor_name":"Signal Processing, Computer-Assisted","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D012815","descriptor_name":"Signal Processing, Computer-Assisted","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D012815","descriptor_name":"Signal Processing, Computer-Assisted","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true}],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/embc46164.2021.9630827","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/embc46164.2021.9630827","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4363607750","display_name":"2021 43rd Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine & Biology Society (EMBC)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"conference"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2021 43rd Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine & Biology Society (EMBC)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmid:34892741","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34892741","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society. IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society. Annual International Conference","raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":17,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1974011200","https://openalex.org/W1983598147","https://openalex.org/W2009520139","https://openalex.org/W2056099733","https://openalex.org/W2105934661","https://openalex.org/W2108255727","https://openalex.org/W2119647652","https://openalex.org/W2157209869","https://openalex.org/W2781787924","https://openalex.org/W2895258827","https://openalex.org/W2908180302","https://openalex.org/W2915774321","https://openalex.org/W2966085538","https://openalex.org/W3033824776","https://openalex.org/W4295679762","https://openalex.org/W6676302446","https://openalex.org/W6678148619"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2026217228","https://openalex.org/W2460679371","https://openalex.org/W1566557084","https://openalex.org/W1981475037","https://openalex.org/W2956056877","https://openalex.org/W2058711580","https://openalex.org/W4401572880","https://openalex.org/W2911404179","https://openalex.org/W2572635530","https://openalex.org/W2223325499"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"We":[0,112],"develop":[1],"a":[2,18,44,55,88],"novel":[3],"wearable":[4],"fetal":[5,28,35,103,137],"electrocardiogram":[6],"(fECG)":[7],"monitoring":[8,32,138],"system":[9,22,128,139],"consisting":[10],"of":[11,58],"an":[12,141],"abdominal":[13,64],"patch":[14,29,36,61],"that":[15,68],"communicates":[16],"with":[17],"smart":[19,73],"device.":[20],"The":[21,34,60,83],"has":[23,37,129],"two":[24],"main":[25],"components:":[26],"the":[27,31,49,63,72,108,115,130,134],"and":[30,39,93,102,117,144],"app.":[33],"electronics":[38],"recording":[40],"electrodes":[41],"fabricated":[42],"on":[43,121],"hybrid":[45],"flexible-rigid":[46],"platform":[47],"while":[48],"Android":[50],"app":[51,75,84],"is":[52],"developed":[53],"for":[54,98],"wide":[56],"range":[57],"applications.":[59],"collects":[62],"ECG":[65],"(aECG)":[66],"signals":[67],"are":[69,96],"sent":[70],"to":[71,87,132,140],"device":[74],"via":[76],"secure":[77],"Bluetooth":[78],"Low":[79],"Energy":[80],"(BLE)":[81],"communication.":[82],"software":[85],"connects":[86],"cloud":[89],"server":[90],"where":[91],"processing":[92],"extraction":[94,101],"algorithms":[95,116],"executed":[97],"real-time":[99,118],"fECG":[100],"heartrate":[104],"(fHR)":[105],"calculation":[106],"from":[107],"collected":[109],"raw":[110],"data.":[111],"have":[113],"validated":[114],"data":[119],"recordings":[120],"pregnant":[122],"subjects":[123],"yielding":[124],"promising":[125],"results.":[126],"Our":[127],"potential":[131],"transform":[133],"currently":[135],"used":[136],"effective":[142],"distanced":[143],"telematernity":[145],"care.":[146]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":5}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}