{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2979868823","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/embc.2019.8857203","title":"Facial Recognition Task for the Classification of Mild Cognitive Impairment with Ensemble Sparse Classifier","display_name":"Facial Recognition Task for the Classification of Mild Cognitive Impairment with Ensemble Sparse Classifier","publication_year":2019,"publication_date":"2019-07-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2979868823","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/embc.2019.8857203","mag":"2979868823","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31946347"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/embc.2019.8857203","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/embc.2019.8857203","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2019 41st Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society (EMBC)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"conference-paper","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5102756868","display_name":"Peter M. Williams","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4914-119X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I186335123","display_name":"East Carolina University","ror":"https://ror.org/01vx35703","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I186335123"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"P. Williams","raw_affiliation_strings":["Biomedical Instrumentation & Data Analysis Laboratory, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Biomedical Instrumentation & Data Analysis Laboratory, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I186335123"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5040670987","display_name":"Austin T White","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I186335123","display_name":"East Carolina University","ror":"https://ror.org/01vx35703","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I186335123"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"A. White","raw_affiliation_strings":["Biomedical Instrumentation & Data Analysis Laboratory, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Biomedical Instrumentation & Data Analysis Laboratory, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I186335123"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5087818030","display_name":"R. B. Merino","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I186335123","display_name":"East Carolina University","ror":"https://ror.org/01vx35703","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I186335123"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"R. B. Merino","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Nursing, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Nursing, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I186335123"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5108596344","display_name":"Sonya R. Hardin","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I186335123","display_name":"East Carolina University","ror":"https://ror.org/01vx35703","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I186335123"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"S. Hardin","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Nursing, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Nursing, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I186335123"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5042384401","display_name":"J. C. Mizelle","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5123-5673"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I186335123","display_name":"East Carolina University","ror":"https://ror.org/01vx35703","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I186335123"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"J. C. Mizelle","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Kinesiology, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Kinesiology, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I186335123"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5004183008","display_name":"S. Kim","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8257-9153"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I186335123","display_name":"East Carolina University","ror":"https://ror.org/01vx35703","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I186335123"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"S. Kim","raw_affiliation_strings":["Biomedical Instrumentation & Data Analysis Laboratory, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Biomedical Instrumentation & Data Analysis Laboratory, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I186335123"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I186335123"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":3,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"2019","issue":null,"first_page":"2242","last_page":"2245"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10009","display_name":"Dementia and Cognitive Impairment Research","score":0.998199999332428,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2738","display_name":"Psychiatry and Mental health"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10009","display_name":"Dementia and Cognitive Impairment Research","score":0.998199999332428,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2738","display_name":"Psychiatry and Mental health"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10429","display_name":"EEG and Brain-Computer Interfaces","score":0.9866999983787537,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2805","display_name":"Cognitive Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10241","display_name":"Functional Brain Connectivity Studies","score":0.9840999841690063,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2805","display_name":"Cognitive Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/oddball-paradigm","display_name":"Oddball paradigm","score":0.6564344167709351},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electroencephalography","display_name":"Electroencephalography","score":0.6015866994857788},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/event-related-potential","display_name":"Event-related potential","score":0.5796820521354675},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/neuroimaging","display_name":"Neuroimaging","score":0.5498268604278564},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cognition","display_name":"Cognition","score":0.5191892385482788},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.5116508603096008},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5042108297348022},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.4823567271232605},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/audiology","display_name":"Audiology","score":0.45739659667015076},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/classifier","display_name":"Classifier (UML)","score":0.43450793623924255},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/psychology","display_name":"Psychology","score":0.38331595063209534},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/speech-recognition","display_name":"Speech recognition","score":0.37003129720687866},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/neuroscience","display_name":"Neuroscience","score":0.1904824674129486},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/medicine","display_name":"Medicine","score":0.14030584692955017}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C22334291","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7077468","display_name":"Oddball paradigm","level":4,"score":0.6564344167709351},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C522805319","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q179965","display_name":"Electroencephalography","level":2,"score":0.6015866994857788},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C67359045","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14026181","display_name":"Event-related potential","level":3,"score":0.5796820521354675},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C58693492","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q551875","display_name":"Neuroimaging","level":2,"score":0.5498268604278564},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169900460","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2200417","display_name":"Cognition","level":2,"score":0.5191892385482788},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.5116508603096008},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5042108297348022},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.4823567271232605},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C548259974","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q569965","display_name":"Audiology","level":1,"score":0.45739659667015076},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C95623464","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1096149","display_name":"Classifier (UML)","level":2,"score":0.43450793623924255},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.38331595063209534},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C28490314","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189436","display_name":"Speech recognition","level":1,"score":0.37003129720687866},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169760540","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207011","display_name":"Neuroscience","level":1,"score":0.1904824674129486},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.14030584692955017}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000066499","descriptor_name":"Facial Recognition","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000066499","descriptor_name":"Facial Recognition","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000066499","descriptor_name":"Facial Recognition","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000069550","descriptor_name":"Machine Learning","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000069550","descriptor_name":"Machine Learning","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000069550","descriptor_name":"Machine Learning","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D001331","descriptor_name":"Automation","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001331","descriptor_name":"Automation","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001331","descriptor_name":"Automation","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005149","descriptor_name":"Facial Expression","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005149","descriptor_name":"Facial Expression","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005149","descriptor_name":"Facial Expression","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D060825","descriptor_name":"Cognitive Dysfunction","qualifier_ui":"Q000175","qualifier_name":"diagnosis","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D060825","descriptor_name":"Cognitive Dysfunction","qualifier_ui":"Q000175","qualifier_name":"diagnosis","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D060825","descriptor_name":"Cognitive Dysfunction","qualifier_ui":"Q000175","qualifier_name":"diagnosis","is_major_topic":true}],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/embc.2019.8857203","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/embc.2019.8857203","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2019 41st Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society (EMBC)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmid:31946347","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31946347","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society. IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society. Annual International Conference","raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Reduced inequalities","score":0.7400000095367432,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/10"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":26,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1541126883","https://openalex.org/W1963462023","https://openalex.org/W1968435421","https://openalex.org/W1972222581","https://openalex.org/W1978408307","https://openalex.org/W2002101667","https://openalex.org/W2002313059","https://openalex.org/W2004641611","https://openalex.org/W2020346648","https://openalex.org/W2028828071","https://openalex.org/W2045805974","https://openalex.org/W2069546862","https://openalex.org/W2074760672","https://openalex.org/W2075647286","https://openalex.org/W2100068253","https://openalex.org/W2115017507","https://openalex.org/W2123364528","https://openalex.org/W2128495200","https://openalex.org/W2129497119","https://openalex.org/W2152802607","https://openalex.org/W2165758561","https://openalex.org/W2166073443","https://openalex.org/W2568425819","https://openalex.org/W2582524520","https://openalex.org/W2736213625","https://openalex.org/W2884312828"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2103648045","https://openalex.org/W2022678456","https://openalex.org/W2254015696","https://openalex.org/W2958401550","https://openalex.org/W2061536548","https://openalex.org/W3092171354","https://openalex.org/W1988653076","https://openalex.org/W2093369182","https://openalex.org/W4249986486","https://openalex.org/W2301832209"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Conventional":[0],"methods":[1],"for":[2,24,29,55],"detecting":[3],"mild":[4],"cognitive":[5,9],"impairment":[6],"(MCI)":[7],"require":[8],"exams":[10],"and":[11,18,26,68,95,125],"follow-up":[12],"neuroimaging,":[13],"which":[14],"can":[15],"be":[16,189],"time-consuming":[17],"expensive.":[19],"A":[20],"great":[21],"need":[22],"exists":[23],"objective":[25],"cost-effective":[27],"biomarkers":[28,82,94],"the":[30,56,62,66,89,111,131,148,172,197],"early":[31,57],"detection":[32,58],"of":[33,59,70,74,85,105,113,144],"MCI.":[34,60],"This":[35],"study":[36],"uses":[37],"a":[38,138],"sequential":[39],"imaging":[40],"oddball":[41],"paradigm":[42],"to":[43,109,115,161,191],"determine":[44],"if":[45],"familiar,":[46],"unfamiliar,":[47],"or":[48],"inverted":[49],"faces":[50],"are":[51,78,200],"effective":[52],"visual":[53],"stimuli":[54],"Unlike":[61],"traditional":[63],"approach":[64],"where":[65],"amplitude":[67],"latency":[69],"certain":[71],"deflection":[72],"points":[73],"event-related":[75],"potentials":[76],"(ERPs)":[77],"selected":[79],"as":[80,92,185],"electrophysiological":[81],"(or":[83],"features)":[84],"MCI,":[86],"we":[87],"used":[88],"entire":[90],"ERPs":[91,146,174,198],"potential":[93],"relied":[96],"on":[97,171,196],"an":[98,103],"advanced":[99,181],"machine-learning":[100,182],"technique,":[101],"i.e.":[102],"ensemble":[104],"sparse":[106],"classifier":[107],"(ESC),":[108],"choose":[110],"set":[112],"features":[114],"best":[116],"discriminate":[117,162],"MCI":[118,123,163,194],"from":[119,164],"healthy":[120],"controls.":[121],"Five":[122],"subjects":[124],"eight":[126],"age-matched":[127],"controls":[128,165],"were":[129],"given":[130],"MoCA":[132],"exam":[133],"before":[134],"EEG":[135],"recordings":[136],"in":[137],"sensory-deprived":[139],"room.":[140],"Traditional":[141],"time-domain":[142],"comparisons":[143],"averaged":[145,173],"between":[147],"two":[149],"groups":[150],"did":[151],"not":[152],"yield":[153],"any":[154],"statistical":[155],"significance.":[156],"However,":[157],"ESC":[158],"was":[159],"able":[160],"with":[166],"95%":[167],"classification":[168],"accuracy":[169],"based":[170,195],"elicited":[175,202],"by":[176,203],"familiar":[177,204],"faces.":[178,205],"By":[179],"adopting":[180],"techniques":[183],"such":[184],"ESC,":[186],"it":[187],"may":[188],"possible":[190],"accurately":[192],"diagnose":[193],"that":[199],"specifically":[201]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-07-14T23:27:15.235271","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}