{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2011647333","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/eit.2012.6220748","title":"Performance analysis of EM-MPM and K-means clustering in 3D ultrasound image segmentation","display_name":"Performance analysis of EM-MPM and K-means clustering in 3D ultrasound image segmentation","publication_year":2012,"publication_date":"2012-05-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2011647333","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/eit.2012.6220748","mag":"2011647333"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/eit.2012.6220748","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/eit.2012.6220748","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2012 IEEE International Conference on Electro/Information Technology","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5086534660","display_name":"Huanyi Yang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8853-3615"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I55769427","display_name":"Indiana University \u2013 Purdue University Indianapolis","ror":"https://ror.org/05gxnyn08","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I55769427","https://openalex.org/I592451"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Huanyi Yang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Indianapolis, IN, USA","Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Indiana University/Purdue University Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Indianapolis, IN, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I55769427"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Indiana University/Purdue University Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I55769427"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5018059644","display_name":"Lauren Christopher","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5707-7784"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I55769427","display_name":"Indiana University \u2013 Purdue University Indianapolis","ror":"https://ror.org/05gxnyn08","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I55769427","https://openalex.org/I592451"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Lauren A. Christopher","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Indianapolis, IN, USA","Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Indiana University/Purdue University Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Indianapolis, IN, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I55769427"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Indiana University/Purdue University Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I55769427"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5075981072","display_name":"Nebojsa Duric","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6388-6863"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210090317","display_name":"The Barbara Ann Karmanos Cancer Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/00ee40h97","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2800590384","https://openalex.org/I4210090317"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Nebojsa Duric","raw_affiliation_strings":["Karmanos Cancer Institute, Detroit, MI, USA","Karmanos Cancer Institute, 4100 John R, Detroit, MI 48201"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Karmanos Cancer Institute, Detroit, MI, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210090317"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Karmanos Cancer Institute, 4100 John R, Detroit, MI 48201","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210090317"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5083989343","display_name":"Erik West","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I27837315","display_name":"University of Michigan","ror":"https://ror.org/00jmfr291","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I27837315"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Erik West","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA","University of Michigan, 1011 North University Avenue, Ann Arbor, MI 48109"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I27837315"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Michigan, 1011 North University Avenue, Ann Arbor, MI 48109","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I27837315"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5054510591","display_name":"Predrag R. Baki\u0107","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7087-0915"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2799810409","display_name":"Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania","ror":"https://ror.org/02917wp91","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2799810409","https://openalex.org/I4210143392"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Predrag Bakic","raw_affiliation_strings":["Hospital of University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA","Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania, 3400 Spruce Street, Philadelphia, PA 19104"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Hospital of University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2799810409"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania, 3400 Spruce Street, Philadelphia, PA 19104","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2799810409"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.2101,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":11,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.81053075,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"132","issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"4"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11361","display_name":"Digital Radiography and Breast Imaging","score":0.9993000030517578,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2740","display_name":"Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11361","display_name":"Digital Radiography and Breast Imaging","score":0.9993000030517578,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2740","display_name":"Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10862","display_name":"AI in cancer detection","score":0.9988999962806702,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10522","display_name":"Medical Imaging Techniques and Applications","score":0.9890999794006348,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2741","display_name":"Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Imaging"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/segmentation","display_name":"Segmentation","score":0.7377634048461914},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cluster-analysis","display_name":"Cluster analysis","score":0.7146986126899719},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.6469295620918274},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6126534938812256},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ground-truth","display_name":"Ground truth","score":0.5586524605751038},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/image-segmentation","display_name":"Image segmentation","score":0.5460649728775024},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.540340781211853},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/3d-ultrasound","display_name":"3D ultrasound","score":0.5031918883323669},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/expectation\u2013maximization-algorithm","display_name":"Expectation\u2013maximization algorithm","score":0.46945732831954956},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-vision","display_name":"Computer vision","score":0.4035101532936096},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ultrasound","display_name":"Ultrasound","score":0.3372427821159363},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.27499300241470337},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/maximum-likelihood","display_name":"Maximum likelihood","score":0.15828561782836914},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/statistics","display_name":"Statistics","score":0.13289830088615417},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/radiology","display_name":"Radiology","score":0.11535260081291199},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/medicine","display_name":"Medicine","score":0.10197293758392334}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C89600930","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1423946","display_name":"Segmentation","level":2,"score":0.7377634048461914},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C73555534","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q622825","display_name":"Cluster analysis","level":2,"score":0.7146986126899719},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.6469295620918274},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6126534938812256},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C146849305","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q370766","display_name":"Ground truth","level":2,"score":0.5586524605751038},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124504099","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q56933","display_name":"Image segmentation","level":3,"score":0.5460649728775024},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.540340781211853},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780170424","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q229399","display_name":"3D ultrasound","level":3,"score":0.5031918883323669},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C182081679","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1275153","display_name":"Expectation\u2013maximization algorithm","level":3,"score":0.46945732831954956},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.4035101532936096},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C143753070","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q162564","display_name":"Ultrasound","level":2,"score":0.3372427821159363},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.27499300241470337},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C49781872","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1045555","display_name":"Maximum likelihood","level":2,"score":0.15828561782836914},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.13289830088615417},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126838900","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q77604","display_name":"Radiology","level":1,"score":0.11535260081291199},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.10197293758392334}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/eit.2012.6220748","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/eit.2012.6220748","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2012 IEEE International Conference on Electro/Information Technology","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.699999988079071,"display_name":"Good health and well-being","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":7,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2026265322","https://openalex.org/W2040825244","https://openalex.org/W2070363528","https://openalex.org/W2105733314","https://openalex.org/W2109063533","https://openalex.org/W2148124778","https://openalex.org/W2164140551"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4295532600","https://openalex.org/W2063823869","https://openalex.org/W2047973478","https://openalex.org/W2067569035","https://openalex.org/W2090985514","https://openalex.org/W2113666009","https://openalex.org/W2145649715","https://openalex.org/W1997160662","https://openalex.org/W1522196789","https://openalex.org/W2553519758"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Breast":[0],"density":[1,19,69,144,156],"is":[2,110],"an":[3],"important":[4],"indicator":[5],"for":[6,136,147],"a":[7,114,127],"woman's":[8],"lifetime":[9],"risk":[10],"of":[11,17,54,73,76,121],"breast":[12,18,35,81],"cancer.":[13],"A":[14,71],"3D":[15,25,37,123],"model":[16],"can":[20],"be":[21],"obtained":[22],"by":[23],"taking":[24],"tomographic":[26],"ultrasound":[27,80],"and":[28,57,125,146,154],"then":[29],"identifying":[30],"tissue":[31,68,140,145],"distribution":[32],"in":[33],"the":[34,98,102,122,137],"with":[36,52,149],"medical":[38],"image":[39],"segmentation.":[40,130],"In":[41],"this":[42],"paper,":[43],"we":[44],"compare":[45],"two":[46],"segmentation":[47,95,99],"algorithms,":[48],"EM-MPM":[49,88,109,131],"(Expectation":[50],"Maximization":[51,53],"Posterior":[55],"Marginals)":[56],"K-means":[58,92],"clustering":[59],"using":[60],"simulated":[61],"phantoms.":[62],"The":[63,108],"computational":[64],"phantoms":[65],"cover":[66],"various":[67],"patterns.":[70],"total":[72],"twenty":[74],"volumes":[75,148],"three":[77],"dimensional":[78],"synthetic":[79],"images":[82],"were":[83],"compared.":[84],"We":[85],"found":[86],"that":[87],"performs":[89,132],"better":[90,128,134],"than":[91],"Clustering":[93],"on":[94],"accuracy":[96],"because":[97],"result":[100],"fits":[101],"ground":[103],"truth":[104],"data":[105],"very":[106],"well.":[107],"able":[111],"to":[112],"use":[113],"Bayesian":[115],"prior":[116],"assumption,":[117],"which":[118],"takes":[119],"advantage":[120],"structure":[124],"finds":[126],"localized":[129],"significantly":[133],"especially":[135],"highly":[138],"dense":[139],"scattered":[141],"within":[142],"low":[143,150,155],"contrast":[151],"between":[152],"high":[153],"tissues.":[157]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-06-12T08:23:45.883708","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}