{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2804739814","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/educon.2018.8363219","title":"Pictogramming \u2014 programming learning environment using human pictograms","display_name":"Pictogramming \u2014 programming learning environment using human pictograms","publication_year":2018,"publication_date":"2018-04-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2804739814","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/educon.2018.8363219","mag":"2804739814"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/educon.2018.8363219","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/educon.2018.8363219","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2018 IEEE Global Engineering Education Conference (EDUCON)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5111712536","display_name":"Kazunari Ito","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I131231118","display_name":"Aoyama Gakuin University","ror":"https://ror.org/002rw7y37","country_code":"JP","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I131231118"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Kazunari Ito","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Social Informatics, Aoyama Gakuin University, Japan"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Social Informatics, Aoyama Gakuin University, Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I131231118"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5111712536"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I131231118"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.836,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":11,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.71237249,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"134","last_page":"141"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10672","display_name":"Design Education and Practice","score":0.9914000034332275,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2210","display_name":"Mechanical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10672","display_name":"Design Education and Practice","score":0.9914000034332275,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2210","display_name":"Mechanical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10470","display_name":"Usability and User Interface Design","score":0.9887999892234802,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1709","display_name":"Human-Computer Interaction"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10533","display_name":"Teaching and Learning Programming","score":0.9805999994277954,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1706","display_name":"Computer Science Applications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pictogram","display_name":"Pictogram","score":0.9144605398178101},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7459731101989746},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/human\u2013computer-interaction","display_name":"Human\u2013computer interaction","score":0.5164697170257568},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.3806564211845398},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geography","display_name":"Geography","score":0.06278863549232483}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C7220189","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q52827","display_name":"Pictogram","level":2,"score":0.9144605398178101},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7459731101989746},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107457646","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207434","display_name":"Human\u2013computer interaction","level":1,"score":0.5164697170257568},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.3806564211845398},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.06278863549232483},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C166957645","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23498","display_name":"Archaeology","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/educon.2018.8363219","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/educon.2018.8363219","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2018 IEEE Global Engineering Education Conference (EDUCON)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334764","display_name":"Japan Society for the Promotion of Science","ror":"https://ror.org/00hhkn466"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":8,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1506294203","https://openalex.org/W1713371825","https://openalex.org/W1963930520","https://openalex.org/W2015477110","https://openalex.org/W2084944215","https://openalex.org/W2315940120","https://openalex.org/W4237011695","https://openalex.org/W4249495886"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2748952813","https://openalex.org/W1963689712","https://openalex.org/W3142587829","https://openalex.org/W2155291429","https://openalex.org/W2136159211","https://openalex.org/W4297035399","https://openalex.org/W2215859453","https://openalex.org/W2372910490","https://openalex.org/W1992894287","https://openalex.org/W2474399494"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0],"this":[1,24,138],"study,":[2],"we":[3],"propose":[4],"a":[5,30,34,39,62,90,123,129],"new":[6],"programming":[7],"learning":[8,53,118,164],"environment":[9],"called":[10,93],"\"Pictogramming.\"":[11],"Pictogramming":[12],"is":[13,26,154],"based":[14],"on":[15],"two":[16],"words:":[17],"\"pictogram\"":[18],"and":[19,54,68,160],"\"programming.\"":[20],"The":[21,57,84,98,112,147],"basis":[22],"of":[23,29,114,126,137],"application":[25,59,85,99,139],"the":[27,66,87,94,102,135,158,161],"use":[28],"human-shaped":[31],"pictogram":[32,64],"(i.e.,":[33],"\"human":[35],"pictogram\").":[36],"Pictograms":[37],"resemble":[38],"person":[40],"or":[41],"object":[42],"with":[43,51,140],"an":[44],"abstract":[45],"representation.":[46],"Human":[47],"pictograms":[48],"are":[49],"associated":[50],"syntonic":[52],"visual":[55],"manifestation.":[56],"proposed":[58],"can":[60,100],"display":[61],"human":[63],"in":[65,119],"front":[67],"side":[69],"directions":[70],"defined":[71],"by":[72],"ISO":[73],"(International":[74],"Organization":[75],"for":[76,163],"Standardization),":[77],"where":[78],"both":[79,115],"comprise":[80],"nine":[81],"body":[82],"parts.":[83],"moves":[86],"parts":[88],"using":[89,128],"command":[91,131],"sequence":[92],"\"Pictogram":[95,110],"Animation":[96],"Command.\"":[97],"draw":[101],"movement":[103],"history":[104],"(similar":[105],"to":[106,156],"turtle":[107],"graphics)":[108],"as":[109],"graphics.\"":[111],"combination":[113],"functions":[116],"facilitates":[117],"small":[120,130],"steps":[121],"over":[122],"short":[124],"period":[125],"time":[127],"set.":[132],"We":[133],"evaluated":[134],"effectiveness":[136],"approximately":[141],"100":[142],"junior":[143],"high":[144],"school":[145],"students.":[146],"results":[148],"were":[149],"generally":[150],"favorable":[151],"but":[152],"it":[153],"necessary":[155],"improve":[157],"content":[159],"method":[162],"conditional":[165],"branching.":[166]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}